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Differential Geometry For Physicists And Mathematicians: Moving Frames And Differential Forms: From Euclid Past Riemann Abridged edition [Hardback]

(Pst Associates, Llc, Usa)
  • Formāts: Hardback, 312 pages
  • Izdošanas datums: 07-Apr-2014
  • Izdevniecība: World Scientific Publishing Co Pte Ltd
  • ISBN-10: 981456639X
  • ISBN-13: 9789814566391
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  • Bibliotēkām
  • Formāts: Hardback, 312 pages
  • Izdošanas datums: 07-Apr-2014
  • Izdevniecība: World Scientific Publishing Co Pte Ltd
  • ISBN-10: 981456639X
  • ISBN-13: 9789814566391
Citas grāmatas par šo tēmu:
Vargas introduces differential geometry using the method of moving frames and the exterior calculus. After introducing the basic theory of differential forms and pertinent algebra, he turns to "flat cases" known as affine and Euclidean spaces, and simple examples of their generalizations. The point is to explain advanced concepts by dealing with them first in simple structures. He covers tools, two Klein geometries, Cartan connections, and the future. Among specific topics are vector spaces and tensor products, affine Klein geometry, generalized geometry made simple, Riemannian spaces and pseudo-spaces, extensions of Cartan, and a book of farewells. Annotation ©2014 Ringgold, Inc., Portland, OR (protoview.com)

This is a book that the author wishes had been available to him when he was student. It reflects his interest in knowing (like expert mathematicians) the most relevant mathematics for theoretical physics, but in the style of physicists. This means that one is not facing the study of a collection of definitions, remarks, theorems, corollaries, lemmas, etc. but a narrative — almost like a story being told — that does not impede sophistication and deep results.It covers differential geometry far beyond what general relativists perceive they need to know. And it introduces readers to other areas of mathematics that are of interest to physicists and mathematicians, but are largely overlooked. Among these is Clifford Algebra and its uses in conjunction with differential forms and moving frames. It opens new research vistas that expand the subject matter.An appendix on the classic theory of curves and surfaces slashes is included. It does not only contain the traditional approach that uses vector calculus, but also the treatments of the subject by those who have already used differential forms for the same purpose.
Dedication v
Acknowledgements vii
Preface ix
I Introduction 1(18)
1 Orientations
3(16)
1.1 Selective Capitalization Of Section Titles
3(1)
1.2 Classical In Classical Differential Geometry
4(1)
1.3 Intended Readers Of This Book
5(1)
1.4 The Foundations Of Physics In This Book
6(3)
1.5 Mathematical Viruses
9(2)
1.6 Frequent Misconceptions
11(3)
1.7 Prerequisite, Anticipated Mathematical Concepts
14(5)
II Tools 19(64)
2 Differential Forms
21(22)
2.1 Acquaintance With Differential Forms
21(2)
2.2 Differentiable Manifolds, Pedestrianly
23(2)
2.3 Differential 1-forms
25(5)
2.4 Differential R-forms
30(4)
2.5 Exterior Products Of Differential Forms
34(1)
2.6 Change Of Basis Of Differential Forms
35(2)
2.7 Differential Forms And Measurement
37(1)
2.8 Differentiable Manifolds Defined
38(2)
2.9 Another Definition Of Differentiable Manifold
40(3)
3 Vector Spaces And Tensor Products
43(24)
3.1 Introduction
43(2)
3.2 Vector Spaces (Over The Reals)
45(2)
3.3 Dual Vector Spaces
47(1)
3.4 Euclidean Vector Spaces
48(7)
3.4.1 Definition
48(1)
3.4.2 Orthonormal Bases
49(1)
3.4.3 Reciprocal Bases
50(2)
3.4.4 Orthogonalization
52(3)
3.5 Not Quite Right Concept Of Vector Field
55(2)
3.6 Tensor Products: Theoretical Minimum
57(1)
3.7 Formal Approach To Tensors
58(3)
3.7.1 Definition Of Tensor Space
58(1)
3.7.2 Transformation Of Components Of Tensors
59(2)
3.8 Clifford Algebra
61(6)
3.8.1 Introduction
61(1)
3.8.2 Basic Clifford Algebra
62(2)
3.8.3 The Tangent Clifford Algebra Of 3-D Euclidean Vector Space
64(1)
3.8.4 The Tangent Clifford Algebra Of Spacetime
65(1)
3.8.5 Concluding Remarks
66(1)
4 Exterior Differentiation
67(16)
4.1 Introduction
67(1)
4.2 Disguised Exterior Derivative
67(2)
4.3 The Exterior Derivative
69(1)
4.4 Coordinate Independent Definition Of Exterior Derivative
70(1)
4.5 Stokes Theorem
71(2)
4.6 Differential Operators In Language Of Forms
73(4)
4.7 The Conservation Law For Scalar-Valuedness
77(2)
4.8 Lie Groups And Their Lie Algebras
79(4)
III Two Klein Geometries 83(44)
5 Affine Klein Geometry
85(24)
5.1 Affine Space
85(2)
5.2 The Frame Bundle Of Affine Space
87(2)
5.3 The Structure Of Affine Space
89(2)
5.4 Curvilinear, Coordinates: Holonomic Bases
91(4)
5.5 General Vector Basis Fields
95(2)
5.6 Structure Of Affine Space On Sections
97(2)
5.7 Differential Geometry As Calculus
99(2)
5.8 Invariance Of Connection Differential Forms
101(2)
5.9 The Lie Algebra Of The Affine Group
103(2)
5.10 The Maurer-Cartan Equations
105(2)
5.11 Horizontal Differential Forms
107(2)
6 Euclidean Klein Geometry
109(18)
6.1 Euclidean Space And Its Frame Bundle
109(3)
6.2 Extension Of Euclidean Bundle To Affine Bundle
112(2)
6.3 Meanings Of Covariance
114(2)
6.4 Hodge Duality And Star Operator
116(3)
6.5 The Laplacian
119(2)
6.6 Euclidean Structure And Integrability
121(2)
6.7 The Lie Algebra Of The Euclidean Group
123(1)
6.8 Scalar-Valued Clifforms: Kahler Calculus
124(1)
6.9 Relation Between Algebra And Geometry
125(2)
IV Cartan Connections 127(86)
7 Generalized Geometry Made Simple
129(14)
7.1 Of Connections And Topology
129(1)
7.2 Planes
130(4)
7.2.1 The Euclidean 2-Plane
131(1)
7.2.2 Post-Klein 2-Plane With Euclidean Metric
132(2)
7.3 The 2-Sphere
134(4)
7.3.1 The Columbus Connection On The Punctured 2-Sphere
134(2)
7.3.2 The Levi-Civita Connection On The 2-Sphere
136(1)
7.3.3 Comparison Of Connections On The 2-Sphere
137(1)
7.4 The 2-Torus
138(2)
7.4.1 Canonical Connection Of The 2-Torus
138(2)
7.4.2 Canonical Connection Of The Metric Of The 2-Torus
140(1)
7.5 Abridged Riemann's Equivalence Problem
140(1)
7.6 Use And Misuse Of Levi-Civita
141(2)
8 Affine Connections
143(28)
8.1 Lie Differentiation, Invariants And Vector Fields
143(4)
8.2 Affine Connections And Equations Of Structure
147(3)
8.3 Tensoriality Issues And Second Differentiations
150(3)
8.4 Developments And Annulment Of Connection
153(1)
8.5 Interpretation Of The Affine Curvature
154(2)
8.6 The Curvature Tensor Field
156(2)
8.7 Autoparallels
158(1)
8.8 Bianchi Identities
159(1)
8.9 Integrability And Interpretation Of The Torsion
160(1)
8.10 Tensor-Valuedness And The Conservation Law
161(3)
8.11 The Zero-Torsion Case
164(1)
8.12 Horrible Covariant Derivatives
165(2)
8.13 Affine Connections: Rigorous Approach
167(4)
9 Euclidean Connections
171(20)
9.1 Metrics And The Euclidean Environment
171(2)
9.2 Euclidean Structure And Bianchi Identities
173(4)
9.3 The Two Pieces Of A Euclidean Connection
177(1)
9.4 Affine Extension Of The Levi-Civita Connection
178(1)
9.5 Computation Of The Contorsion
179(1)
9.6 Levi-Civita Connection By Inspection
180(5)
9.7 Stationary Curves And Euclidean Autoparallels
185(3)
9.8 Euclidean And Riemannian Curvatures
188(3)
10 Riemannian Spaces And Pseudo-Spaces
191(22)
10.1 Klein Geometries In Greater Detail
191(2)
10.2 The False Spaces Of Riemann
193(2)
10.3 Method Of Equivalence
195(2)
10.4 Riemannian Spaces
197(2)
10.5 Annulment Of Connection At A Point
199(2)
10.6 Emergence And Conservation Of Einstein's Tensor
201(1)
10.7 Einstein's Differential 3-Form
202(3)
10.8 Einstein's 3-Form: Properties And Equations
205(3)
10.9 Einstein Equations For Schwarzschild
208(5)
V The Future? 213(34)
11 Extensions Of Cartan
215(10)
11.1 Introduction
215(1)
11.2 Cartan-Finsler-Clifton
216(2)
11.3 Cartan-Kaluza-Klein
218(2)
11.4 Cartan-Clifford-Kahler
220(1)
11.5 Cartan-Kahler-Einstein-Yang-Mills
221(4)
12 Understand The Past To Imagine The Future
225(12)
12.1 Introduction
225(1)
12.2 History Of Some Geometry-Related Algebra
225(2)
12.3 History Of Modern Calculus And Differential Forms
227(2)
12.4 History Of Standard Differential Geometry
229(4)
12.5 Emerging Unification Of Calculus And Geometry
233(2)
12.6 Imagining The Future
235(2)
13 A Book Of Farewells
237(10)
13.1 Introduction
237(1)
13.2 Farewell To Vector Algebra And Calculus
237(2)
13.3 Farewell To Calculus Of Complex Variable
239(1)
13.4 Farewell To Dirac's Calculus
240(2)
13.5 Farewell To Tensor Calculus
242(1)
13.6 Farewell To Auxiliary Bundles?
243(4)
Appendix A: Geometry Of Curves And Surfaces 247(14)
A.1 Introduction
247(1)
A.2 Surfaces In 3-D Euclidean Space
248(4)
A.2.1 Representations Of Surfaces; Metrics
248(2)
A.2.2 Normal To A Surface, Orthonormal Frames, Area
250(1)
A.2.3 The Equations Of Gauss And Weingarten
251(1)
A.3 Curves In 3-D Euclidean Space
252(2)
A.3.1 Frenet's Frame Field And Formulas
252(1)
A.3.2 Geodesic Frame Fields And Formulas
253(1)
A.4 Curves On Surfaces In 3-D Euclidean Space
254(7)
A.4.1 Canonical Frame Field Of A Surface
254(1)
A.4.2 Principal And Total Curvatures; Umbilics
255(1)
A.4.3 Euler's, Meusnier's And Rodrigues'es Theorems
256(1)
A.4.4 Levi-Civita Connection Induced From 3-D Euclidean Space
256(1)
A.4.5 Theorema Egregium And Codazzi Equations
257(1)
A.4.6 The Gauss-Bonnet Formula
257(2)
A.4.7 Computation Of The "Extrinsic Connection" Of A Surface
259(2)
Appendix B: "Biographies" ("Publi" Graphies) 261(12)
B.1 Elie Joseph Cartan (1869-1951)
261(8)
B.1.1 Introduction
261(1)
B.1.2 Algebra
262(1)
B.1.3 Exterior Differential Systems
263(1)
B.1.4 Genius Even If We Ignore His Working On Algebra, Exterior Systems Proper And Differential Geometry
263(1)
B.1.5 Differential Geometry
264(1)
B.1.6 Cartan The Physicist
265(1)
B.1.7 Cartan As Critic And Mathematical Technician
266(1)
B.1.8 Cartan As A Writer
267(1)
B.1.9 Summary
268(1)
B.2 Hermann Grassmann (1808-1877)
269(4)
B.2.1 Mini Biography
269(1)
B.2.2 Multiplications Galore
269(1)
B.2.3 Tensor And Quotient Algebras
270(1)
B.2.4 Impact And Historical Context
271(2)
Appendix C: Publications By The Author 273(4)
References 277(8)
Index 285