Preface |
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iii | |
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PART 1 Introduction to Drawing |
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Chapter 1 Drawing: Definitions and Purposes |
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3 | (19) |
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Drawing Across Time and Culture |
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4 | (2) |
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6 | (4) |
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10 | (4) |
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Subjective and Objective Drawing |
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10 | (2) |
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12 | (2) |
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14 | (1) |
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14 | (7) |
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21 | (1) |
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Chapter 2 Learning to See: Gesture and Other Beginning Line Exercises |
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22 | (30) |
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Facture, Pochade, and Time |
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24 | (2) |
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26 | (14) |
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30 | (1) |
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Types of Gestural Line Drawing |
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31 | (1) |
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31 | (2) |
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33 | (1) |
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34 | (2) |
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36 | (1) |
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37 | (3) |
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Other Beginning Approaches |
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40 | (6) |
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40 | (2) |
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Organizational-Line Drawing |
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42 | (2) |
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44 | (1) |
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Blind Contour-Line Drawing |
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45 | (1) |
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46 | (2) |
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48 | (4) |
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Project 1 Gestural Line Drawings |
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49 | (1) |
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Project 2 Continuous-Line and Organizational-Line Drawings |
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49 | (1) |
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Project 3 Blind Contour Drawings |
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49 | (1) |
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Project 4 Automatic Drawing |
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50 | (2) |
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PART 2 Spatial Relationships of the Art Elements |
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Development of Spatial Response |
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52 | (3) |
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55 | (4) |
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Twentieth-Century Innovations in Spatial Development |
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59 | (4) |
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The Influence of Electronic Space |
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63 | (1) |
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63 | (2) |
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65 | (1) |
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65 | (2) |
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Project 1 Making a Space Folder |
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66 | (1) |
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Chapter 3 Shape/Plane and Volume |
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67 | (25) |
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67 | (5) |
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Geometric and Organic Shapes |
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67 | (4) |
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71 | (1) |
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Positive and Negative Shapes |
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72 | (8) |
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Positive/Negative Interchange |
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73 | (2) |
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75 | (1) |
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75 | (1) |
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Problem 3.1 Geometric Shapes Used to Create Pattern |
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76 | (1) |
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Problem 3.2 Geometric and Organic Shapes |
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76 | (1) |
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Problem 3.3 Interchangeable Positive and Negative Shapes |
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77 | (2) |
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Problem 3.4 Invented Negative Shapes |
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79 | (1) |
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Problem 3.5 Composite Shape |
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79 | (1) |
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The Shape of the Picture Plane |
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80 | (2) |
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Problem 3.6 Shape of the Picture Plane |
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81 | (1) |
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Shape as Plane and Volume |
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82 | (8) |
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Problem 3.7 Shape as Plane and Volume |
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86 | (1) |
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Problem 3.8 Planar Analysis |
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87 | (2) |
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Problem 3.9 Modeling and Overlapping |
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89 | (1) |
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Summary: Spatial Characteristics of Shape |
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90 | (1) |
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90 | (1) |
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90 | (1) |
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Project 1 Shaping the Composition to the Format |
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90 | (1) |
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90 | (2) |
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Project 1 Using a Computer to Determine and Modify Shapes/Experimenting with the Relationship between Positive and Negative Space |
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91 | (1) |
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92 | (23) |
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Definitions and Functions |
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92 | (4) |
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96 | (4) |
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100 | (1) |
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Problem 4.1 Using Value Arbitrarily |
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101 | (1) |
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Descriptive Uses of Value |
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101 | (1) |
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Value Used to Describe Structure |
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101 | (1) |
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Problem 4.2 Using Value to Describe Planes |
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101 | (1) |
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Value Used to Describe Weight |
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101 | (3) |
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Problem 4.3 Using Value to Describe Weight |
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103 | (1) |
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Value Used to Describe Light |
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104 | (4) |
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Problem 4.4 Value Reduction |
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107 | (1) |
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Problem 4.5 Four Divisions of Value |
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108 | (1) |
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Problem 4.6 Categories of Light |
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108 | (1) |
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Problem 4.7 Tonal Drawings |
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108 | (1) |
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Value Used to Describe Space |
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108 | (1) |
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Problem 4.8 Using Value to Describe Space |
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109 | (1) |
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109 | (3) |
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Problem 4.9 Value Reversal |
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110 | (1) |
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Problem 4.10 Value Used Subjectively |
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111 | (1) |
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112 | (1) |
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Spatial Characteristics of Value |
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112 | (1) |
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113 | (1) |
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Project 1 Thumbnail Sketches |
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113 | (1) |
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Project 2 Thumbnail Sketches Using Value Reduction |
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113 | (1) |
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113 | (2) |
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Project 1 Converting Color to Value |
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113 | (2) |
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115 | (28) |
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115 | (3) |
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Determinants of Line Quality |
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118 | (3) |
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Extended Contemporary Uses of Line |
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121 | (4) |
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125 | (14) |
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125 | (1) |
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Problem 5.1 Slow Contour Line |
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126 | (1) |
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Problem 5.2 Exaggerated Contour Line |
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126 | (2) |
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Problem 5.3 Quick Contour Line |
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128 | (1) |
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Problem 5.4 Cross-Contour Line |
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129 | (1) |
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Problem 5.5 Contour with Tone |
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129 | (1) |
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130 | (1) |
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Problem 5.6 Using Mechanical Line |
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131 | (1) |
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131 | (1) |
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Problem 5.7 Using Structural Line |
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131 | (1) |
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132 | (1) |
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Problem 5.8 Using Lyrical Line |
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133 | (1) |
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Constrictive, Aggressive Line |
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133 | (1) |
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Problem 5.9 Using Constricted, Aggressive Line |
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133 | (1) |
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Handwriting: Cursive and Calligraphic Line |
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134 | (1) |
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Problem 5.10 Using Handwriting or Calligraphic Line |
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135 | (1) |
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135 | (1) |
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Problem 5.11 Using Implied Line |
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136 | (1) |
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136 | (2) |
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Problem 5.12 Using Blurred Line |
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138 | (1) |
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138 | (1) |
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Problem 5.13 Using Whimsical Line |
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139 | (1) |
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139 | (2) |
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Spatial Characteristics of Line |
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139 | (2) |
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141 | (1) |
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Project 1 The Cadavre Exquis (The Exquisite Corpse) |
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141 | (1) |
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141 | (2) |
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Project 1 Computer Drawing and Line Quality |
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141 | (2) |
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143 | (24) |
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The Role of Texture in Contemporary Art |
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143 | (4) |
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145 | (1) |
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145 | (2) |
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147 | (8) |
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148 | (2) |
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150 | (1) |
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Invented, Conventional, or Symbolic Texture |
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150 | (3) |
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Problem 6.1 Using Actual Texture |
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153 | (1) |
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Problem 6,2 Using Simulated Texture |
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153 | (1) |
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Problem 6.3 Using Invented Texture |
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153 | (2) |
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Problem 6.4 Using Conventional or Symbolic Texture |
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155 | (1) |
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155 | (8) |
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Additive Materials to Create Texture |
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155 | (2) |
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Problem 6.5 Using Papier Colle |
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157 | (1) |
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Problem 6.6 Using Collage |
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158 | (1) |
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Problem 6.7 Using Photomontage |
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159 | (1) |
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159 | (2) |
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Problem 6.8 Using Rubbing |
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161 | (1) |
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Problem 6.9 Transfer from a Printed Source |
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162 | (1) |
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163 | (1) |
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164 | (1) |
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Spatial Characteristics of Texture |
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164 | (1) |
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164 | (1) |
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Project 1 Identifying Textural Techniques Used in Depicting Water |
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164 | (1) |
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Project 2 Transcribing Textural Techniques |
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165 | (1) |
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165 | (2) |
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Project 1 Creating Texture on the Computer |
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165 | (2) |
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167 | (10) |
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167 | (1) |
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168 | (2) |
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Problem 7.1 Using Color Media |
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170 | (1) |
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170 | (1) |
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Problem 7.2 Using Local and Optical Color |
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171 | (1) |
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171 | (2) |
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Problem 7.3 Using a Monochromatic Color Scheme |
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172 | (1) |
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Problem 7.4 Using a Complementary Color Scheme |
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173 | (1) |
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173 | (1) |
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Problem 7.5 Using Warm and Cool Colors |
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173 | (1) |
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Problem 7.6 Using a Warm or Cool Color to Create a Color-Field Composition |
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174 | (1) |
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174 | (1) |
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Spatial Characteristics of Color |
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174 | (1) |
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174 | (1) |
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Project 1 Using Color for Quick Landscape Sketches |
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174 | (1) |
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175 | (2) |
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Project 1 Using the Computer to Create Matisse Cutouts |
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175 | (2) |
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Chapter 8 Antiperspective: The Triumph of the Picture Plane |
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177 | (26) |
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Contemporary Challenges to Traditional Perspective |
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177 | (2) |
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Antiperspective---The Flatbed Picture Plane and Superflat |
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179 | (1) |
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Definitions and Guidelines |
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180 | (1) |
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180 | (3) |
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Problem 8.1 Using Eye Level and Baselines |
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183 | (1) |
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183 | (2) |
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Problem 8.2 Using Aerial Perspective |
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185 | (1) |
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185 | (9) |
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187 | (1) |
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Using a Viewer for Framing and Sighting |
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188 | (1) |
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Problem 8.3 Locating Vanishing Points |
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188 | (1) |
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189 | (1) |
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Problem 8.4 Using One-Point Perspective |
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190 | (1) |
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191 | (1) |
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Problem 8.5 Using Two-Point Perspective |
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192 | (1) |
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193 | (1) |
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Problem 8.6 Using Three-Point Perspective |
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194 | (1) |
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194 | (1) |
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195 | (1) |
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Problem 8.7 Using Multiple Perspectives |
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195 | (1) |
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196 | (1) |
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Problem 8.8 Using Stacked Perspective |
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197 | (1) |
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197 | (2) |
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Problem 8.9 Using Foreshortening |
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198 | (1) |
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199 | (1) |
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199 | (4) |
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Project 1 Invented Spatially lllusionistic Forms |
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199 | (1) |
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Project 2 Employing Different Horizon Lines |
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200 | (3) |
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PART 3 A Contemporary View |
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Chapter 9 Organizing the Picture Plane |
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203 | (19) |
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Challenges to Traditional Compositional Approaches |
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203 | (2) |
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Contemporary Treatment of the Picture Plane |
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205 | (3) |
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205 | (1) |
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Problem 9.1 Shaped Picture Planes |
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206 | (1) |
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Problem 9.2 Confirming the Flatness of the Picture Plane |
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207 | (1) |
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Continuous-Field Compositions |
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207 | (1) |
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Problem 9.3 Continuous-Field Compositions |
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208 | (1) |
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Arrangement of Images on the Picture Plane |
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208 | (6) |
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Problem 9.4 Placing Images on the Picture Plane |
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214 | (1) |
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Problem 9.5 Filling the Picture Plane |
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214 | (1) |
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Division of the Picture Plane |
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214 | (5) |
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Problem 9.6 Composing with a Grid |
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217 | (1) |
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Problem 9.7 Dividing the Picture Plane |
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218 | (1) |
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Problem 9.8 Using Inset Images |
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218 | (1) |
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Problem 9.9 Using Linear Sequence |
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219 | (1) |
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The Wall as Picture Plane |
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219 | (1) |
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220 | (1) |
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220 | (1) |
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Project 1 Crowding the Picture Plane |
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220 | (1) |
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Project 2 Attention to the Edge |
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221 | (1) |
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Project 3 Divided Picture Plane |
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221 | (1) |
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221 | (1) |
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Project 1 Using Superimposed, Layered Images |
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221 | (1) |
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Chapter 10 Thematic Development |
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222 | (18) |
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Developing a Body of Related Work |
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222 | (1) |
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223 | (7) |
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Problem 10.1 Word and Image |
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228 | (1) |
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Problem 10.2 Frames of Reference |
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229 | (1) |
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Problem 10.3 Pages from an Altered Book |
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230 | (1) |
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The Figure/Body Art/Portraiture |
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230 | (3) |
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Problem 10.4 Alternate Self-Portrait |
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232 | (1) |
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Problem 10.5 Self-Portrait in Different Styles |
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232 | (1) |
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Problem 10.6 A Psychological Portrait |
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233 | (1) |
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233 | (3) |
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Problem 10.7 Appropriation---An Art History Homage |
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235 | (1) |
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Problem 10.8 A Series of Opposites |
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236 | (1) |
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236 | (1) |
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237 | (1) |
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Project 1 Visual and Verbal Descriptions |
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237 | (1) |
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Project 2 Juxtaposition of Word and Image |
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238 | (1) |
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238 | (2) |
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Project 1 Transformation Using Computer-Generated Images |
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238 | (2) |
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Chapter 11 A Look at Drawing Today |
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240 | (15) |
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What's New in the Twenty-First Century |
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240 | (1) |
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Contemporary Trends in Drawing |
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241 | (9) |
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Influence of Outsider Art |
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241 | (2) |
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Illustration-Based Narrative Drawing |
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243 | (1) |
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243 | (1) |
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244 | (1) |
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244 | (1) |
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245 | (1) |
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245 | (1) |
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246 | (2) |
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Drawings with Social and Political Themes |
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248 | (1) |
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249 | (1) |
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Drawings Made from Direct Observation |
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250 | (1) |
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250 | (1) |
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251 | (4) |
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255 | (8) |
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The Importance of Materials |
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255 | (1) |
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256 | (1) |
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Selected Papers for Drawing |
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257 | (1) |
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Some Suggested Oriental Papers |
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257 | (1) |
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258 | (1) |
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258 | (1) |
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Charcoal; Crayons, and Chalks |
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258 | (1) |
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Pencils and Graphite Sticks |
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259 | (1) |
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259 | (1) |
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259 | (1) |
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260 | (1) |
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260 | (1) |
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261 | (2) |
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Guide B Keeping a Sketchbook |
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263 | (12) |
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264 | (4) |
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Appropriate Subjects for a Sketchbook |
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268 | (5) |
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273 | (2) |
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Guide C Breaking Artistic Blocks and Making Critical Assessments |
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275 | (6) |
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Correcting the Problem Drawing |
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275 | (1) |
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Questions Dealing with Form |
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276 | (1) |
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277 | (1) |
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Inconsistency of Style, Idea, or Feeling |
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277 | (1) |
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Failure to Determine Basic Structure |
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278 | (1) |
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Tendency to Ignore Negative Space |
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278 | (1) |
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Inability to Develop Value Range and Transition |
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278 | (1) |
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Failure to Observe Accurately |
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278 | (1) |
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279 | (2) |
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281 | (8) |
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Some Contemporary Modes of Presentation |
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281 | (3) |
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284 | (1) |
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284 | (1) |
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284 | (1) |
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285 | (1) |
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285 | (1) |
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285 | (1) |
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286 | (1) |
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287 | (2) |
Glossary |
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289 | (6) |
Suggested Readings |
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295 | (10) |
Index |
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305 | |