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E-grāmata: Dual State: A Contribution to the Theory of Dictatorship

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(Senior Lecturer in International Relations, London School of Economics), Translated by ,
  • Formāts: 337 pages
  • Izdošanas datums: 20-Dec-2018
  • Izdevniecība: Oxford University Press
  • Valoda: eng
  • ISBN-13: 9780191025341
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  • Formāts: 337 pages
  • Izdošanas datums: 20-Dec-2018
  • Izdevniecība: Oxford University Press
  • Valoda: eng
  • ISBN-13: 9780191025341

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The Dual State, first published in 1941, remains one of the most erudite books on the legal origins of democracy and dictatorship. It provided the first comprehensive analysis of the rise and nature of National Socialism, and was the only such analysis written from within Hitler's Germany. Fraenkel's concept of the dual state, being the normative state (which protects the legal order as expressed in legislation, decisions of the courts, and decisions of administrative bodies) and the the prerogative state (governed by the ruling party). It retains its vital relevance for the theory of democracy in the twenty-first century.

The Dual State considerably influenced scholars studying and working on questions of political justice in the period following World War II, particularly in the context of political and legal theory; in the domain of legal history; in the area of constitutional theory; in the context of comparative politics; and in what has become known as the field of comparative constitutional law. This republication of Fraenkel's classic work makes it once again widely available to scholars and students in the field. It includes both Fraenkel's 1974 introduction to the German second edition, never before published in English, and a new introduction by Dr Jens Meierhenrich, examining the world in which The Dual State was originally published, and the lasting legacy of this classic work.
Preface to the 1941 Edition ix
Preface to the 1974 German Edition xiii
Introduction to the 1941 Edition xxiii
An Ethnography of Nazi Law: The Intellectual Foundations of Ernst Fraenkel's Theory of Dictatorship xxvii
Jens Meierhenrich
PART I THE LEGAL SYSTEM OF THE DUAL STATE
I The Prerogative State
3(54)
1 The Origin of the Prerogative State
3(3)
2 The Allocation and Delimitation of Jurisdictions
6(3)
a General Regulation of Jurisdiction
6(3)
b The State Police
9(1)
3 The Abolition of the Rule of Law
9(5)
a Historical Introduction
9(5)
b The Dissolution of the Rule of Law as Reflected in the Decisions of the Courts
14(1)
1 The Abolition of Constitutional Restraints
14(2)
2 The Abolition of other Legal Restraints
16(4)
3 The Abolition of Restraints on the Police Power
20(4)
4 The Abolition of Judicial Review
24(9)
a Introductory Remarks
24(1)
b Review by Administrative Courts
25(3)
c Review in Civil Procedure
28(3)
d Review in Penal Procedure
31(2)
5 The Party as an Instrument of the Prerogative State
33(4)
6 Politics as the Aim of the Prerogative State
37(9)
4 The Prerogative State in Operation
46(11)
a The Negation of Formal Rationality
46(3)
b The Persecution of the Heretics
49(8)
II The Limits of the Prerogative State
57(8)
III The Normative State
65(42)
1 The Dual State and Separation of Powers
65(6)
a Prerogative State and the Executive
65(4)
b Normative State and Discretionary Power
69(2)
2 The Guardians of the Normative State
71(2)
a National-Socialism as the Guardian of the Normative State
71(2)
b The Courts as Guardians of the Normative State
73(1)
1 Internal and External Reservations
73(2)
2 The Normative State as the Guardian of Legal Institutions
75(8)
a Entrepreneurial Liberty
75(1)
b Sanctity of Contracts
76(1)
c Private Property
77(2)
d Competition
79(1)
e Labor Law
80(2)
f The Law of Non-Tangible Property
82(1)
3 The Normative State and the Party Program
83(13)
a Public Interest Precedes Self-Interest
83(4)
b The Racial Idea
87(2)
c The Legal Status of the Jews
89(7)
c The Estates as Organs of the Normative State
96(1)
1 Economic Self-Government
96(5)
2 The German Labor Front
101(6)
PART II THE LEGAL THEORY OF THE DUAL STATE
I The Repudiation of Rational Natural Law by National-Socialism
107(8)
II The National-Socialist Campaign Against Natural Law
115(18)
1 The Christian System of Natural Law
115(7)
2 Secular Natural Law
122(11)
III National-Socialism and Communal Natural Law
133(20)
1 Societal and Communal Natural Law
133(6)
2 Communal Natural Law and Concrete Theory of Order
139(14)
PART III THE LEGAL REALITY OF THE DUAL STATE
I The Legal History of the Dual State
153(18)
1 The Dual State and the Dualistic State
153(4)
2 The History of the Dual State in Prussia and in Germany
157(14)
a The Establishment of the Absolute Monarchy
157(2)
b Enlightened Despotism
159(2)
c The Absolute Bureaucracy
161(6)
d The Rechtsstaat
167(4)
II The Economic Background of the Dual State
171(17)
III The Sociology of the Dual State
188(21)
1 `Plant-Community' and `Shop-Troop'
188(9)
2 Ethnic Community and Armament Boom
197(3)
3 The Concept of Politics in National-Socialist Theory
200(9)
Abbreviations 209(2)
Notes 211(30)
Appendix to the 1941 Edition: Reichsgesetzblatt (Official Statute Book) 241(1)
Appendix I to the 1974 German Edition: Proceeding before the Reichsarbeitsgericht (Reich Labour Court) 242(3)
Appendix II to the 1974 German Edition: Proceeding before the Amtsgericht (District Court) Berlin 245(2)
Table of Cases 247(4)
Index 251
Jens Meierhenrich is Associate Professor of International Relations at the London School of Economics and Political Science His books include Genocide: A Very Short Introduction and Genocide: A Reader (both forthcoming from Oxford University Press in 2014).

Ernst Fraenkel (1898--1975) was an eminent political scientist who began his professional career as a labor lawyer in Weimar Germany. Forced to flee the Nazi dictatorship in 1938, he emigrated to the United States and worked as an adviser to the U.S. government. Fraenkel returned to Germany in 1951, where, as a professor at Berlins Freie Universität, he played a leading role in establishing the discipline of political science in the country of his birth.