| Foreword |
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ix | |
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The definition of surface tension |
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1 | (13) |
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The molecular definition of the surface tension |
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1 | (2) |
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The mechanical definition of the surface tension |
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3 | (6) |
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5 | (2) |
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7 | (2) |
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The thermodynamic definition of the surface tension |
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9 | (5) |
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14 | (44) |
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14 | (3) |
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The position of the Gibbs dividing surface |
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17 | (5) |
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The application of the Gibbs equation |
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22 | (3) |
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The chemical potential at the surface |
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25 | (2) |
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27 | (8) |
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The adsorption derivation for a surfactant mixture |
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35 | (7) |
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Kinetic derivation of the Langmuir isotherm |
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42 | (2) |
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Surface activity coefficients |
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44 | (4) |
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Traube's rule, the hydrophobic effect and inter-chain penetration |
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48 | (4) |
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The principle of Le Chatelier - Braun |
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52 | (6) |
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58 | (17) |
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58 | (11) |
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The diffusion penetration depth |
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69 | (2) |
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The boundary condition for the diffusion equation |
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71 | (4) |
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Methods for measuring the dynamic surface tension |
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75 | (44) |
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Different experimental methods |
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75 | (2) |
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Classification of experimental methods |
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77 | (2) |
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Introduction to hydrodynamics |
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79 | (6) |
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79 | (1) |
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80 | (2) |
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The Navier-Stokes equation |
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82 | (1) |
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82 | (3) |
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Stress relaxation methods |
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85 | (15) |
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The vibration or oscillating jet method |
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85 | (10) |
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The inclined plate method |
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95 | (3) |
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The pulsed drop technique |
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98 | (1) |
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Axisymmetric drop shape analysis |
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99 | (1) |
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99 | (1) |
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Stepwise surface deformation in a Langmuir trough |
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99 | (1) |
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100 | (8) |
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The experiments of Van Voorst Vader and Van den Tempel |
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100 | (1) |
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100 | (1) |
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The dynamic capillary method |
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101 | (7) |
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Methods with constant surface deformation |
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108 | (7) |
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Experiments in a Langmuir trough |
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108 | (1) |
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109 | (1) |
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Expansion of a drop with initially clean surface |
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109 | (3) |
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The maximum bubble pressure method |
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112 | (3) |
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The drop method of Mac Leod and Radke |
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115 | (1) |
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Small amplitude periodic surface deformation |
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115 | (4) |
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Diffusion controlled adsorption kinetics |
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119 | (25) |
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The equation of Ward and Tordai |
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119 | (5) |
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124 | (2) |
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The short and long time approximation of the Ward and Tordai equation |
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126 | (8) |
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The approximation making use of the diffusion penetration depth |
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134 | (3) |
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The rate of adsorption for diffusion controlled kinetics |
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137 | (1) |
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The Ward and Tordai equation for a surfactant mixture |
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138 | (3) |
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The rate of adsorption for diffusion to a drop surface |
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141 | (3) |
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Diffusion controlled adsorption kinetics to a continuously deformed surface |
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144 | (52) |
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Diffusion to an expanding surface |
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144 | (33) |
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Surface expansion with constant rate dΩ/dt |
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153 | (1) |
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Expansion with constant dilation rate |
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154 | (4) |
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Expanding drop with a constant volume flow rate |
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158 | (2) |
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The drop volume technique |
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160 | (4) |
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The diffusion penetration depth |
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164 | (1) |
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Expansion at constant surface tension |
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165 | (3) |
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The long time approximation |
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168 | (1) |
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Integration of the convective diffusion equation |
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169 | (4) |
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Stress relaxation experiments |
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173 | (1) |
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Continuously expanding surface |
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174 | (1) |
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Continuously compressed surface |
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175 | (2) |
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Diffusion to a compressed surface |
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177 | (19) |
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Sutherland equation for surface compression |
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181 | (3) |
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Compression with a constant speed dΩ/dt |
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184 | (1) |
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Compression with a constant dilation rate θ |
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185 | (3) |
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The diffusion penetration depth |
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188 | (1) |
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Compressed surface at a constant surface pressure |
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189 | (7) |
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The interfacial tension during mass transfer across an interface |
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196 | (27) |
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The transfer of an alkanol between two immiscible phases |
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196 | (7) |
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The transfer of a fatty acid between two immiscible phases |
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203 | (6) |
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Mass transfer in partly miscible systems |
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209 | (14) |
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221 | (2) |
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Periodic surface deformation |
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223 | (35) |
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Periodic deformation on a flat surface |
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223 | (9) |
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Surface disturbances for other geometries |
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232 | (11) |
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232 | (4) |
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236 | (1) |
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Diffusion outside the drop |
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236 | (1) |
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Diffusion inside the drop |
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237 | (2) |
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Elasticity of a liquid cylinder |
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239 | (1) |
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Diffusion outside the cylinder |
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239 | (2) |
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Diffusion inside the cylinder |
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241 | (2) |
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The elasticity for a surfactant mixture |
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243 | (4) |
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Relation between complex elasticity and dynamic surface tensions |
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247 | (11) |
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Transfer controlled adsorption kinetics |
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258 | (27) |
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Departure in electrode kinetics |
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259 | (3) |
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262 | (7) |
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Experimental confirmation |
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269 | (9) |
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Small amplitude periodic deformation |
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278 | (2) |
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Experiments with constant dilations |
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280 | (5) |
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285 | (29) |
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Local equilibrium between the monomers and micelles |
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288 | (6) |
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Periodic small amplitude oscillations |
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294 | (5) |
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Approximate solutions for micellar systems |
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299 | (8) |
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The diffusion penetration depth for micellar systems |
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307 | (2) |
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Use of the diffusion-micellisation penetration depth to describe the dynamic surface tension for micellar solutions |
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309 | (5) |
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Reorientation at the surface |
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314 | (38) |
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Surface reorientation with diffusion equilibrium |
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316 | (2) |
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Surface reorientation in an insoluble monolayer |
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318 | (2) |
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Surface reaction with diffusion |
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320 | (4) |
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Surface expansion with a constant dilation rate for diffusion equilibrium between the bulk and the subsurface |
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324 | (3) |
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Small amplitude periodic area deformations |
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327 | (7) |
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Small amplitude surface deformation with diffusional exchange |
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334 | (2) |
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336 | (3) |
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The dynamic interfacial tension during the mass transfer of decanoic acid from hexane to water containing 0.1 NaOH |
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339 | (13) |
| List of used PhD Theses |
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352 | (2) |
| Symbol index |
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354 | (3) |
| Subject index |
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357 | |
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