This is a comprehensive textbook on the emerging field of critical care ultrasound and echocardiography. These imaging modalities are being used increasingly in the ICU, and this book contains more detail than any other book in the field, offering readers a one-stop resource.
The text starts with ultrasound basics to introduce the technology to the reader. Chapters are then divided between echocardiography and ultrasound chapters and are further divided by organ system and applications. The book then wraps up with sections detailing complex clinical scenarios, ultrasound education, and practical aspects of setting up an ultrasound service. In addition to being a resource to aid a clinicians daily practice, this book can also assist in board review preparation, and relevant chapters will be highlighted as such, with indicators for high-yield topics and board-style questions. All chapters are liberally illustrated throughout with hundreds of video clips available electronically.
This is an ideal guide for physicians and allied health professionals who practice pulmonary medicine, critical care medicine, and emergency medicine, related trainees, learners preparing for the critical care echocardiography boards, and medical educators.
Section I: Ultrasound Basics.- Physics of Ultrasound.- Probes and
Imaging Modes.- Ultrasound Artifacts.- Positioning, Safety, manipulation of
probe.- Section II: ECHOCARDIOGRAPHY: Transthoracic Echocardiography.-
Transthoracic windows and views.- Transthoracic M-mode echocardiography.-
Transthoracic Doppler echocardiography.- Section III: ECHOCARDIOGRAPHY:
Transesophageal Echocardiography.- Transesophageal echocardiography:
Insertion, Manipulation, Risks, Complications.- Transesophageal windows and
views.- Transesophageal artifacts and pitfalls.- Section IV:
ECHOCARDIOGRAPHY: Quantification of Cardiac Chambers and Function.- Left
Ventricular size Systolic Function.- Alternatives for assessing left
ventricular systolic function when image quality is poor.- Right Ventricular
size and function.- Atrial size and function.- Left Ventricular diastolic
function.- Cardiomyopathies.- Section V: ECHOCARDIOGRAPHY: Valvulopathy.-
Aortic Stenosis.- Aortic and Pulmonic Regurgitation.- Mitral and Tricuspid
Stenosis.- Mitral and Tricuspid Regurgitation.- Calculation of intracardiac
pressures using Doppler Flow.- Prosthetic valves.- Infective endocarditis.-
Section VI: ECHOCARDIOGRAPHY: Pericardial disease.- Tamponade.-
Ultrasound-guided Pericardiocentesis.- Pericarditis and constriction.-
Section VII: ECHOCARDIOGRAPHY: Tumors and Masses.- Benign masses, normal
anatomic variants and artifacts.- Left ventricular thrombus.- Left atrial
thrombus.- Right-sided thrombus.- Aortic Diseases.- Adult Congenital Heart
Disease.- Section VIII: ULTRASONOGRAPHY: Lungs.- Effusion.- Pneumothorax.-
Pulmonary Edema.- Pneumonia and consolidation.- Diaphragm.- Thoracentesis and
thoracostomy procedural guidance.- Section IX: ULTRASONOGRAPHY: Airway.-
Ultrasound during intubation.- Vocal Cord Dysfunction.- Section X:
ULTRASONOGRAPHY: Abdomen.- Focused Assessment of Sonography in Trauma
(FAST).- Renal and Bladder ultrasonography for the intensivist.- Biliary and
hepatic ultrasound in the ICU.- Procedural guidance.- Section XI:
ULTRASONOGRAPHY: Vascular.- Vascular access.- Cannulation for Intravascular
devices.- Deep Venous Thrombosis.- Carotid ultrasonography.- Section XII:
ULTRASONOGRAPHY: Brain.- Optic nerve assessment.- Transcranial
ultrasonography.- Additional Neurocritical care applications.- Section XIII:
COMPLEX CLINICAL SCENARIOS.- Diagnostic approach to the patient in shock.-
Assessment of Fluid Responsiveness.- Pulmonary embolism and acute cor
pulmonale.- ARDS and respiratory failure.- Diuresis and weaning.- Dyspnea.-
Acute Coronary Syndrome.- Extracorporeal Life Support.- Cardiac Arrest.-
Section XIV: Ultrasound Education.- Principles of pedagogy.- Curriculum
design.- Education of near-peers.- Utilization of echocardiography labs.-
Utilization of simulators, healthy volunteers, patients.- Features of
successful teaching programs.- Assessment of competency in education.-
Training for the critical care echocardiography board certification.- Section
XV: Practical aspects of clinical ultrasound and echocardiography.-
Competency and quality assurance.- Credentialing, privileging, and
accreditation.- Selection of devices and software.- Image storage and
reporting.- Billing.- Integration with traditional ultrasound and
echocardiography services.- Glossary.- Appendix: High-yield Topics and Board
Review Questions.- Appendix: Reference Values.- Appendix: Sample reports.
Michael J. Lanspa, MD, ATSF, FASE, FCCM, FCCP is Adjunct Associate Professor in the Pulmonary Medicine Division at the University of Utah. He developed and directs the American Thoracic Society's postgraduate course, "Critical Care Echocardiography and Ultrasound."
Andrew T. Levinson, MD, MPH, FCCP is Associate Professor of Medicine at Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University. He also serves as Program Director of the Critical Care Medicine Fellowship at Brown University Health.
