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Ecology of Weeds and Invasive Plants: Relationship to Agriculture and Natural Resource Management 3rd edition [Hardback]

4.33/5 (6 ratings by Goodreads)

Claudio M. Ghersa (University of Buenos Aires, Argentina), Jodie S. Holt (University of California, Riverside), Steven R. Radosevich (Oregon State University)

Formāts: Hardback, 472 pages, height x width x depth: 241x165x28 mm, weight: 794 g
Izdošanas datums: 18-Sep-2007
Izdevniecība: Wiley-Interscience
ISBN-10: 0471767794
ISBN-13: 9780471767794

Citas grāmatas par šo tēmu:

Plant ecology
Applied ecology - (Noliktavā: 4 punkts)
Environmental management - (Noliktavā: 1 punkts)
Pest control

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Cena: 133,98 €
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Bibliotēkām

Formāts: Hardback, 472 pages, height x width x depth: 241x165x28 mm, weight: 794 g
Izdošanas datums: 18-Sep-2007
Izdevniecība: Wiley-Interscience
ISBN-10: 0471767794
ISBN-13: 9780471767794

Citas grāmatas par šo tēmu:

Plant ecology
Applied ecology - (Noliktavā: 4 punkts)
Environmental management - (Noliktavā: 1 punkts)
Pest control

Permanent link: https://www.kriso.lv/db/9780471767794.html

Keywords:

"Weeds are now at the forefront of many ecologists' minds" with new understanding of plant population dynamics, according to Radosevich (forest science, Oregon State U.) and scientists from Riverside, California and Buenos Aires. Starting with a poem on the tenacity of burdock, this update of the 1997 and 1984 editions (the latter titled Weed Ecology: Implications for Vegetation Management) discusses the converging insights of ecologists, who are incorporating human impacts and other disturbances into their research on natural ecosystems, and weed scientists, who traditionally focused on agricultural applications. A review of traditional and new approaches to managing invasive plants concludes the volume. Annotation ©2008 Book News, Inc., Portland, OR (booknews.com)

The classic reference on weeds and invasive plants has been revised and updated.

The Third Edition of this authoritative reference provides an in-depth understanding of how weeds and invasive plants develop and interact in the environment so you can manage and control them more effectively. The guide includes an introduction to weeds and invasive plants in various environments and an overview of their ecology and evolution. With extensive examples, this book:

Focuses on the biological features of weeds and invasive plants, especially as they exist in agriculture, forests, rangelands, and natural ecosystems.
Includes coverage of exotic invasive plants.
Discusses a variety of methods and tools for managing weeds and invasive plants, including physical, cultural, biological, and chemical approaches.
Examines systems approaches for management, including modern Integrated Pest Management.
Addresses future challenges for scientists, farmers, and land managers.

This is the definitive, hands-on reference if you're a land manager or professional in plant sciences, agronomy, weed science, and horticulture. The book is also an excellent textbook for senior undergraduate or graduate students studying agriculture, ecology, natural resources management, environmental management, or related fields.

Recenzijas

"Overall, the changes make the third edition a worthwhile purchase even for those who already own the second. . . If one is looking for a book that covers the basics of weed science from a traditional perspective this is a fine selection: well-written and remarkably concise for a complicated topic." (Economic Botany, 2010)

Preface

Burdock

xvii

Charles Goodrich

Introduction

(2)

Weeds and Invasive Plants

(32)

Weeds

(16)

Definitions

(1)

Agrestals

(3)

Invasive Plants

(1)

Terminology

(1)

Classification Systems of Weeds and Invasive Plants

(1)

Taxonomic Classification

(2)

Classification by Life History

(1)

Classification by Habitat

(1)

Physiological Classification

(1)

Classification According to Undesirability

(1)

Ecological Classification

(1)

Classification by Evolutionary Strategy

(3)

Weeds and Invasive Plants in Production Systems

(10)

Weeds on Agricultural Land

(1)

Reasons for Weed Control

(3)

Weeds in Managed Forests

(1)

Forest Regeneration

(1)

Weeds in Rangelands

(2)

Original Vegetation and Early Land Use History of Great Basin

(1)

Introduction of Cheatgrass and Fire

(2)

Invasive Plants in Less Managed Habitats and Wildlands

(2)

Local versus Regional Perspectives about Weeds

(1)

Weeds in Regional and Global Context

(1)

Summary

(3)

Principles

(48)

Ecological Principles

(34)

Interrelationship of Biology and Environment

(1)

Environment

(2)

Scale

(1)

Scale in Ecological Systems

(4)

Scale in Human Production Systems

(3)

Community Differentiation and Boundaries

(1)

Community Structure

(2)

Succession

(1)

Mechanisms of Succession

(2)

Succession in Production Systems

(2)

Niche Differentiation

(2)

Invasion Process

(1)

Introduction Phase

(2)

Colonization Phase

(3)

Naturalization Phase

(1)

Genetics of Weeds and Invasive Plants

(1)

Fitness and Selection

(1)

Patterns of Evolutionary Development of Weeds and Invasive Plants

(4)

Plant Demography and Population Dynamics

(2)

Management Principles

(8)

Assessing Risk from Weeds and Invasive Plants

(2)

Management Priorities Based on Risk and Value

(2)

Market-Driven Management Considerations

(1)

Cost-Benefit Analysis

(1)

Assessing Economic Risk

(2)

Management Options in Relation to Invasion Process

(1)

Social Principles

(4)

Societal Aims versus Individual Objectives

(1)

Social Conflict and Resolution

(1)

Precautionary Principle

(1)

Weed and Invasive Plant Management in Modern Society

(1)

Summary

(2)

Invasibility of Agricultural and Natural Ecosystems

(20)

Plant Invasions over Large Geographical Areas

(3)

Habitat Invasibility

(1)

Community Invasibility

(1)

Local Invasions

(2)

Safe Sites

(1)

Safe Site Example

(1)

Factors That Influence Invasibility

(10)

Evolutionary History

(1)

Community Structure

(2)

Role of Plant Size in Species Dominance and Richness

(1)

Propagule Pressure

(1)

Relationship of Propagule Pressure to Invasion Process

(1)

Relationship of Dispersal to Propagule Pressure

(1)

Relationship of Human and Animal Transport to Propagule Pressure

(1)

Relationship of Seed Banks to Propagule Pressure

(1)

Disturbance

(1)

Disturbance and Land Use

(1)

Relationship of Disturbance and Succession

(1)

Relationship of Stress and Disturbance

(1)

Invasibility and Exotic Plant Invasiveness

(2)

Summary

101

(2)

Evolution of Weeds and Invasive Plants

103

(26)

Evolutionary Genetics of Weeds and Invasive Plants

104

(7)

Heritable Genetic Variation

105

(1)

Hybridization and Polyploidy

105

(4)

Epistatic Genetic Variance

109

(1)

Epigenetic Inheritance Systems

110

(1)

Adaptation Following Introduction

111

(3)

Responses to Environmental Gradients

112

(1)

Selection in Barnyardgrass

112

(1)

Selection in St. Johnswort

113

(1)

Responses to Resident Plant Species

113

(1)

Release from Pests, Predation, and Herbivores

114

(1)

Breeding Systems of Weeds and Invasive Plants

114

(5)

Sexual Reproduction

115

(1)

Self-Pollination versus Outcrossing

115

(2)

Founder Effects

117

(1)

Exceptions to Baker's Rule

117

(1)

Asexual Reproduction

117

(1)

Advantages of Asexual Reproduction in Weeds

118

(1)

Influence of Humans on Weed and Invasive Plant Evolution

119

(7)

Weeds and Invasive Plants as Strategists

119

(1)

Competitive Ruderals

119

(2)

Stress-Tolerant Competitors

121

(1)

Adaptations of Weeds and Invasive Plants to Human Activities

122

(1)

Weeds, Domesticates, and Wild Plants

122

(1)

Crop Mimics

122

(4)

Shifts in Plant Species Composition

126

(1)

Summary

126

(3)

Weed Demography and Population Dynamics

129

(54)

Principles of Plant Demography

129

(13)

Natality, Mortality, Immigration, and Emigration

130

(1)

Life Tables

131

(2)

Modular Growth

133

(1)

Models of Plant Population Dynamics

134

(1)

Models Based on Difference Equations

134

(4)

Transition Matrices

138

(1)

Metapopulations

139

(1)

Risk of Extinction

140

(1)

Metapopulation Dynamics Applied to Invasive Species

141

(1)

Dynamics of Weed and Invasive Plant Seed

142

(29)

Seed Dispersal through Space

142

(2)

Estimates of Dispersal Distance

144

(2)

Agents of Spatial Seed Dispersal

146

(3)

Seed Banks

149

(1)

Entry of Seed into Soil

150

(2)

Longevity of Seed in Soil

152

(5)

Density and Composition of Seed Banks

157

(5)

Fate of Seed in Soil

162

(3)

Weed Occurrence in Relation to Seed Banks

165

(1)

Dormancy: Dispersal through Time

166

(1)

Descriptions of Seed Dormancy

166

(1)

Physiological Dormancy

167

(1)

Physical Dormancy

168

(2)

Combinations of Physiological and Physical Dormancy

170

(1)

Seed with Underdeveloped Embryos

171

(1)

Using Seed Dormancy to Manage Weed Populations

171

(1)

Recruitment: Germination and Establishment

171

(10)

Seed Germination

171

(1)

Light Requirement for Germination

172

(4)

Risk of Mortality

176

(1)

Seedlings

176

(1)

Vegetative Propagules of Perennial Plants

177

(1)

Epidemics of Weeds and Invasive Plants

178

(1)

Predictive Models of Weed Reproduction, Dispersal, and Survival

179

(1)

Example: Predictions of Changes in Weed Abundance in Agricultural Fields

180

(1)

Summary

181

(2)

Plant-Plant Associations

183

(76)

Neighbors

184

(1)

Interference

184

(4)

Effect and Response

185

(2)

Is it Competition?

187

(1)

Modifiers of Interference

188

(13)

Space

189

(2)

Density

191

(8)

Species Proportion

199

(1)

Spatial Arrangement

200

(1)

Methods to Study Interference (Competition)

201

(15)

Additive Designs

201

(1)

Substitutive Designs

202

(1)

Replacement Series

203

(2)

Nelder Designs

205

(1)

Diallel Designs

206

(1)

Systematic Designs

207

(1)

Addition Series and Additive Series Designs

207

(2)

Neighborhood Designs

209

(3)

Approaches Used to Study Plant Interference (Competition) in Natural and Managed Ecosystems

212

(1)

Descriptive Studies

213

(1)

Retrospective Studies

214

(1)

Case Studies

214

(2)

Gradient Studies

216

(1)

Intensity and Importance of Competition

216

(8)

Intensity of Competition

217

(1)

Competition Intensity Indices

218

(1)

Relative Yield

218

(1)

Relative Yield Total

219

(2)

Intra- versus Interspecific Competition

221

(1)

Importance of Competition

222

(1)

Competition in Mixed Cropping Systems

223

(1)

Weed Suppression in Mixed Planting Systems

223

(1)

Competition Thresholds

224

(6)

Thresholds in Agriculture

224

(1)

Damage (Density/Biomass) Thresholds

225

(2)

Critical-Period Thresholds

227

(1)

Thresholds in Natural Ecosystems

228

(2)

Mechanisms of Competition

230

(7)

Theories

230

(1)

Theories of Grime and Tilman

230

(1)

Role of Plant Traits

231

(2)

Plant Growth Rates and Components of Growth

233

(4)

Other Types of Interference than Competition

237

(1)

Negative Interference in Addition to Competition

237

(13)

Allelopathy

237

(4)

Responses of Plants to Allelochemicals

241

(1)

Methods to Study Allelopathy

242

(1)

Microbially Produced Phytotoxins

243

(1)

Parasitism, Predation, and Herbivory

243

(1)

Parasitism

244

(2)

Predation

246

(2)

Herbivory

248

(2)

Positive Interference

250

(5)

Facilitation

250

(1)

Commensalism

251

(1)

Protocooperation

252

(1)

Mutualism

253

(2)

Summary

255

(4)

Weed and Invasive Plant Management Approaches, Methods, and Tools

259

(48)

Prevention, Eradication, and Control

259

(1)

Weed Management in Agroecosystems

260

(9)

Economics and Biology of Weed Control: Whether to Control Weeds

260

(1)

Weed Response to Control

261

(1)

Opportunity to Improve Productivity: Crop Response to Weeds

261

(1)

Profitability: Value of Weed Control

262

(3)

Influence of Weed Control on Agricultural Crops and Weed Associations

265

(1)

Reduction in Weed Density

265

(1)

Alteration in Species Composition

265

(2)

Influence of Weed Control on Other Organisms

267

(2)

Management of Invasive Plants in Natural Ecosystems

269

(10)

Approaches to Prioritize Management

269

(2)

Documenting Invasions

271

(1)

Terms Used by Land Managers

271

(1)

Incorporating Risk Assessment into Invasive Plant Management

272

(1)

Individual Species Approach

272

(1)

Plant Community or Habitat Approach

273

(2)

Risks Associated with Action and Inaction

275

(2)

Framework to Combine Research and Management of Invasive Plants

277

(2)

Methods and Tools to Control Weeds and Invasive Plants

279

(26)

Physical Methods of Weed Control

279

(1)

Hand Pulling and Hoeing

279

(1)

Fire

280

(1)

Flame

281

(1)

Tillage (Cultivation)/Disturbance

281

(5)

Mowing and Shredding

286

(3)

Chaining and Dredging

289

(1)

Flooding

289

(1)

Mulching and Solarization

289

(1)

Cultural Methods of Weed Control

290

(1)

Weed Prevention

290

(1)

Crop Rotation

291

(1)

Competition

292

(1)

Smother Crops

293

(1)

Living Mulches and Cover Crops

294

(1)

Harvesting

294

(1)

Biological Control: Using Natural Enemies to Suppress Weeds

295

(1)

Procedures for Developing Biological Control

296

(5)

Grazing

301

(1)

Mycoherbicides

301

(1)

Allelopathy

301

(1)

Chemical Control

302

(1)

Herbicides

303

(2)

Summary

305

(2)

Herbicides

307

(43)

Herbicides as Commercial Products

307

(11)

Laws for Herbicide Registration and Use in United States

308

(1)

Information on Herbicide Label

309

(1)

Voluntary and Legislative Restrictions on Herbicide Use

309

(2)

Properties of Herbicides that Affect Human, Animal, and Environmental Safety

311

(1)

Toxicity

312

(2)

Biological Magnification

314

(1)

Persistence

315

(1)

Voluntary Selection Criteria for Herbicide Use

315

(3)

Chemical Properties of Herbicides that Affect Use

318

(4)

Chemical Structure

318

(1)

Water Solubility and Polarity

319

(2)

Volatility

321

(1)

Formulations

321

(1)

Carriers and Adjuvants for Herbicide Applications

322

(1)

Herbicide Classification

322

(5)

Classification Based on Chemical Structure

322

(1)

Classification Based on Use

323

(1)

Soil-Applied Herbicides

323

(1)

Foliage-Applied Herbicides

324

(1)

Soil Residual Herbicides

324

(2)

Soil Fumigants

326

(1)

Aquatic Herbicides

326

(1)

Classification Based on Biological Effect in Plants

326

(1)

Herbicide Symptoms and Selectivity

327

(6)

Symptoms

327

(1)

Abnormal Tissues and Twisted Plants

327

(1)

Disruption of Cell Division

327

(1)

Chlorosis, Necrosis, and Albinism

327

(1)

Altered Geotropic and Phototropic Responses

328

(1)

Reduced Leaf Waxes

328

(1)

Selectivity

328

(1)

Plant Factors of Herbicide Selectivity

329

(3)

Chemical Factors of Herbicide Selectivity

332

(1)

Environmental Factors of Herbicide Selectivity

332

(1)

Herbicide Application

333

(2)

Proper Rate (Dose)

334

(1)

Proper Distribution

334

(1)

Application Equipment

334

(1)

Fate of Herbicides in Environment

335

(14)

Herbicide Displacement in Environment

336

(1)

Herbicide Movement in Air

337

(1)

Herbicides in Soil

338

(3)

Herbicide Movement with Water

341

(1)

Herbicide Decomposition in Environment

342

(1)

Photochemical Decomposition

343

(1)

Chemical Decomposition

344

(1)

Microbial Decomposition

344

(1)

Reduction of Herbicides in Agriculture and Natural Resource Production Systems

345

(1)

Summary

345

(4)

Systems Approaches for Weed and Invasive Plant Management

349

(1)

Cycles of Land Use, Expansion, and Intensification for Production

350

(35)

Evolution of Modern Integrated Pest Management

351

(3)

Evolution of Weed Science

352

(1)

Approaches for Pest and Weed Management

353

(1)

Integrated Weed Management

354

(12)

Levels of Integrated Weed Management

354

(1)

Ecological Principles to Design Weed Management Systems

355

(2)

Future Directions in Integrated Weed Management

357

(9)

Novel Ecosystems

366

(2)

Novel Weed/Invasive Plant Management Systems

368

(6)

Agriculture

369

(1)

Managed Forests and Forest Plantations

369

(2)

When Limited Herbicide Use Is Acceptable

371

(1)

Rangeland

372

(2)

Value Systems in Agricultural and Natural Ecosystem Management

374

(8)

Role of Human Institutions in Weed Management

375

(1)

The 2,4,5-T Controversy

375

(1)

Atrazine and Water Quality

376

(1)

Herbicide-Resistant Crops

377

(1)

Consequences of Human Values on Weed and Invasive Plant Management

378

(1)

Simplification, Deterioration, and Loss of Biological Regulation in Agriculture

379

(1)

Weeds and Invasive Plants as Symptoms of Ecosystem Dysfunction

380

(1)

Weed Occurrence on Deteriorating Soil Base

380

(1)

Other Examples of Ecosystem Deterioration

380

(1)

Socioeconomic Influences on Weed and Invasive Plant Management

381

(1)

Future Challenges for Scientists, Farmers, and Land Managers

381

(1)

Summary

382

(3)

References

385

(54)

Index

439

Steven R. Radosevich, PHD, is a Professor of Forest Science, Graduate Program Coordinator in the Department of Forest Science, and an Adjunct Professor of Crop Science and Soil Science at Oregon State University. He is the author of Weed Ecology: Implications for Management, the first textbook on the ecology of weedy plants (now in its second edition) and over 100 scientific papers. Jodie S. Holt, PHD, is a Professor of Plant Physiology and Chair of the Department of Botany and Plant Sciences at the University of California, Riverside. She is the coauthor of the first two editions of this book and has authored numerous technical papers. Claudio M. Ghersa, PHD, is an Associate Professor of Ecology in the Department of Natural Resources and Environment at the University of Buenos Aires and Principal Researcher at the National Research Council (CONICET) in Argentina. He has contributed to or coauthored twelve books.

Ecology of Weeds and Invasive Plants: Relationship to Agriculture and Natural Resource Management 3rd edition [Hardback]

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