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1 | (14) |
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12 | (1) |
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12 | (3) |
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2 Japan's Catching-Up Process |
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15 | (52) |
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17 | (2) |
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2.2 Historical Roots: Edo Period (1603--1868) and Meiji Period (1868--1912) |
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19 | (5) |
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2.3 Increasing Militarization and Aggressive Expansionism (1912--1945) |
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24 | (2) |
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2.4 Post-war Period: Reforms Under American Occupation (1945--1952) |
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26 | (4) |
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2.5 The Period of High Economic Growth: Mid-1950s--1973 |
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30 | (8) |
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2.5.1 The 1950s Booms and the Income Doubling Plan |
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30 | (1) |
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2.5.2 Factors Driving Economic Growth |
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31 | (2) |
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33 | (2) |
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35 | (1) |
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2.5.5 Trade Liberalization |
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35 | (3) |
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2.6 Beginning Growth Slowdown in the 1970s |
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38 | (4) |
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2.6.1 Major Determinants of the Growth Slowdown |
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38 | (2) |
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2.6.2 Macroeconomic Policy Patterns and Performance |
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40 | (2) |
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2.7 Japan's Lost Two Decades |
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42 | (11) |
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2.8 Abenomics (2013--2020) |
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53 | (5) |
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58 | (9) |
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3 South Korea's Catching-Up Process |
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67 | (76) |
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69 | (5) |
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3.2 Historical Roots and Development Prior to 1945 |
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74 | (1) |
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3.3 The 1950s: Post-war Reconstruction |
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75 | (5) |
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3.3.1 Import Substitution Policy |
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76 | (1) |
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3.3.2 Foreign Aid Dependence |
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77 | (1) |
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77 | (1) |
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78 | (1) |
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79 | (1) |
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3.4 The Second Republic (1960--1961) |
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80 | (1) |
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3.5 Foundation Building and Export Promotion of the 1960s Under the Park Administration |
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81 | (7) |
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82 | (2) |
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3.5.2 Foreign Exchange Rate Reforms (1961--1965) |
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84 | (1) |
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3.5.3 Reducing the Savings-Investment Gap to Increase Exports |
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85 | (1) |
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3.5.4 Currency Reform of 1962 |
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86 | (1) |
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3.5.5 Interest Rate Reform of 1965 |
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86 | (1) |
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3.5.6 External Capital Sources |
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87 | (1) |
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3.6 Heavy and Chemical Industrialization (HCI) Drive in the 1970s |
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88 | (13) |
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90 | (3) |
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3.6.2 Impact of the Reforms |
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93 | (3) |
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3.6.3 HCI and the Rise of the Chaebol |
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96 | (2) |
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3.6.4 Evaluation of the HCI Drive |
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98 | (2) |
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100 | (1) |
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3.7 Macroeconomic Imbalances at the Turn of the 1980s and Stabilization Measures |
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101 | (7) |
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3.7.1 Main Factors of the Slowdown |
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101 | (1) |
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3.7.2 Stabilization Measures |
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101 | (5) |
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106 | (1) |
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3.7.4 Transition to Democracy |
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107 | (1) |
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3.8 Kim Administration: Globalization, Liberalization, and Promotion of High-Technology Innovation |
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108 | (6) |
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3.8.1 Financial Liberalization |
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108 | (1) |
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3.8.2 Capital Account Liberalization |
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109 | (1) |
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3.8.3 Liberalization and Chaebols---A Capital Structure and Maturity Structure Mismatch |
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109 | (4) |
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3.8.4 Technology Development |
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113 | (1) |
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3.9 The 1997 Financial Crisis and Its Aftermath |
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114 | (8) |
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115 | (1) |
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3.9.2 Tight Monetary and Fiscal Policies |
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116 | (1) |
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3.9.3 Structural Reforms of Four Sectors |
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117 | (4) |
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121 | (1) |
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3.10 The Global Financial Crisis |
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122 | (11) |
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3.10.1 The First Phase of the 2008 Crisis |
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122 | (3) |
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3.10.2 The Second Phase of the Crisis |
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125 | (4) |
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3.10.3 What Helped in the GFC: Lessons Learnt from the AFC and Crisis Recovery |
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129 | (4) |
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133 | (2) |
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135 | (8) |
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143 | (100) |
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145 | (6) |
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151 | (4) |
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4.3 The Republic of China (1927--1949) and the Centrally Planned Economy Under Mao Zedong (1949--1978) |
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155 | (3) |
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4.4 Phase of Market-Seeking Reforms (1978--1992/3) |
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158 | (33) |
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4.4.1 Agricultural Reforms |
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159 | (6) |
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4.4.2 The Reform of the Township and Village Enterprises (TVEs) |
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165 | (5) |
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4.4.3 Reform of State-Owned Enterprises (SOEs) |
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170 | (4) |
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174 | (3) |
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4.4.5 Foreign Trade Reform |
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177 | (8) |
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4.4.6 Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) |
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185 | (3) |
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188 | (3) |
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4.5 Phase of Market-Building Reforms Starting from 1992/3 |
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191 | (28) |
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4.5.1 Enhanced Reform of State-Owned Enterprises (SOEs) |
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192 | (3) |
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4.5.2 Fiscal Reforms---Tax System Modernization |
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195 | (3) |
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4.5.3 Increased Liberalization---China Becomes a WTO Member |
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198 | (6) |
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4.5.4 Accelerated FDI Reforms |
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204 | (7) |
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4.5.5 Accelerated Financial Reforms |
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211 | (8) |
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4.6 Reform Slowdown After 2003 (and the Transition to the Xi Jinping Era) |
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219 | (12) |
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4.6.1 Tackling Social Problems |
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220 | (6) |
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4.6.2 The Return of Industrial Policy |
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226 | (4) |
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4.6.3 Toward the "Xi-Strategy" |
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230 | (1) |
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231 | (12) |
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5 The Development Paths and Strategies of Japan, South Korea, and China---A Comparison |
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243 | (46) |
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243 | (1) |
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244 | (9) |
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5.2.1 The Idea of an East Asian Development Model |
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244 | (1) |
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5.2.2 Characteristics of the East Asian Development Model |
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245 | (3) |
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5.2.3 Reform Strategies and Sequencing---What Has South Korea Learned from Japan? What Has China Learned from South Korea and Japan? |
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248 | (5) |
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253 | (29) |
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5.3.1 The Varying Initial Levels of Development (After World War II) |
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253 | (3) |
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5.3.2 The Varying Driving Forces of Development |
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256 | (1) |
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5.3.3 Varying Political Systems and the Rise of Democracy |
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257 | (6) |
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5.3.4 Varying Economic Systems/Industrial Structure |
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263 | (2) |
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5.3.5 Varying Development Strategies---Learning from Foreign Technology |
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265 | (1) |
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266 | (5) |
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271 | (1) |
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5.3.8 Geographical Differences |
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272 | (3) |
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5.3.9 Institutional Quality |
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275 | (3) |
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5.3.10 Economic/Industrial Policies |
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278 | (1) |
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5.3.11 Breaks in the Development Process |
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278 | (1) |
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279 | (2) |
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5.3.13 Implications and Summary |
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281 | (1) |
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282 | (1) |
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283 | (1) |
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284 | (5) |
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289 | (54) |
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6.1 Introduction: Where Does East Asia Stand Today? |
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289 | (6) |
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6.2 Recent Policy Course in Japan, South Korea, and China (in Period 2010--2020, After Global Financial Crisis) |
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295 | (3) |
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6.3 Challenges (for This and the Next Decade/s) |
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298 | (37) |
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6.3.1 General (Common) Challenges (Structural Change in a Wider Sense): Demographic, Climate, Digital, and Cultural Change |
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300 | (17) |
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6.3.2 Specific Current East Asian Challenges: Financial Crises, System Competition, and Strained International Relations |
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317 | (14) |
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6.3.3 Specific Challenges in Individual East Asian Countries |
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331 | (4) |
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6.4 Who Will Be the Next China (Success Model Country) in Asia? |
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335 | (2) |
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335 | (1) |
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336 | (1) |
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337 | (1) |
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338 | (5) |
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343 | |
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350 | |