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Elements of Psychophysical Theory [Mīkstie vāki]

(Professor of Psychology, New York University)
  • Formāts: Paperback / softback, 400 pages, height x width x depth: 160x235x19 mm, weight: 522 g, numerous figures
  • Sērija : Oxford Psychology Series 6
  • Izdošanas datums: 08-Aug-2002
  • Izdevniecība: Oxford University Press Inc
  • ISBN-10: 0195148320
  • ISBN-13: 9780195148329
  • Mīkstie vāki
  • Cena: 79,42 €
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  • Formāts: Paperback / softback, 400 pages, height x width x depth: 160x235x19 mm, weight: 522 g, numerous figures
  • Sērija : Oxford Psychology Series 6
  • Izdošanas datums: 08-Aug-2002
  • Izdevniecība: Oxford University Press Inc
  • ISBN-10: 0195148320
  • ISBN-13: 9780195148329
The search for regularities and underlying laws tends to get neglected in contemporary psychophysics, a situation Falmagne (cognitive sciences, U. of California at Irvine) hopes to correct with this work. Utilizing modern psychophysical terminology he defends many of the elements of classical (or Fechnerian) psychophysics. Chapters cover such topics as models of discrimination, psychometric functions, signal detection theory, homogeneity laws, and scaling and the measurement of sensation. Annotation (c) Book News, Inc., Portland, OR (booknews.com)

This book presents the basic concepts of classical psychophysics, derived from Gustav Fechner, as seen from the perspective of modern measurement theory. The theoretical discussion is elucidated with examples and numerous problems, and solutions to one-quarter of the problems are provided in the text.

Recenzijas

"Falmagne says much that is useful and important. Not only does this book provide a solid grounding in the formalization of psychophysical theory, but its author also gives thoughtful commentary about many issues, from the implicit principles governing measurement in physical science to the various criticisms about the meaning of sensory scales....For novice and seasoned students of psychophysics alike, this book is well worth the effort."--Contemporary Psychology "Excellent in providing formalisms and formal models of basic psychophysical results, and can be recommended to any experienced investigator in the field . . . Can provide a great service to the psychophysical community by introducing a level of mathematical sophistication generally associated with theory construction in physics and chemistry." --Mathematical Reviews "...An excellent, innovative text..." --Journal of Mathematical Psychology "It is a pleasure to see a book like this involving the applications of mathematical sciences to psychological events. Such application to biological events has certainly produced vast rewards in biophysics, and it is high time such progress is made in areas of psychological behavior and mental sciences. This book, intended as a textbook for a two semester graduate course, does this job excellently." --Research Communications in Psychology, Psychiatry and Behavior

Table of Symbols
xi
Preliminaries 3(1)
Classical Versus Modern Psychophysics
3(1)
On the Uniqueness of Models and Representations
4(2)
Laws Versus Models
6(1)
On the Content of This Book
7(2)
Notation and Conventions
9(2)
Part I. BACKGROUND 11(100)
Ordinal Measurement
13(37)
Binary Relations
14(4)
Equivalence Relations, Partitions, Functions
18(5)
Algebraic Theory-Weak Orders
23(7)
Biorders
30(8)
*Complements
38(8)
Exercises
46(4)
Extensive Measurement
50(26)
Construction of a Physical Scale for Length
51(7)
Axioms for Extensive Measurement
58(2)
Representation Theorem
60(2)
Other Empirical Examples
62(3)
*Complements and Proofs
65(6)
Reference Notes-Further Developments
71(1)
Exercises
72(4)
Functional Equations
76(35)
Cauchy and Related Equations
81(9)
Plateau's Experiment
90(2)
*Normal Distribution of Sensory Variables
92(3)
A Functional Inequality
95(2)
Sincov Equations
97(4)
Additive Systems
101(2)
*Two Proofs
103(3)
Exercises
106(5)
Part II. THEORY 111(242)
Fechner's Psychophysics
113(20)
Gustav Theodor Fechner, the Psychophysicist
113(1)
Construction of a Fechnerian Scale
114(4)
Fechner's Problem
118(1)
Psychophysical Discrimination Systems
119(3)
Some Necessary Conditions
122(1)
Representations and Uniqueness Theorem
122(1)
*Proofs
123(7)
Reference Notes
130(1)
Exercises
130(3)
Models of Discrimination
133(18)
Random Variable Models
134(2)
Thurstone's Law of Comparative Judgments
136(3)
*Extreme Value Distributions and the Logistic Model
139(4)
Bradley-Terry-Luce Representations
143(3)
A Model Inconsistent with a Fechnerian Representation
146(1)
Statistical Issues
147(1)
Selected References
148(1)
Exercises
149(2)
Psychometric Functions
151(21)
Psychometric Families
156(2)
Parallel Psychometric Families
158(3)
Subtractive Families
161(5)
Necessary Conditions for the Existence of a Subtractive Representation
166(1)
Symmetric Families
167(3)
Reference Notes
170(1)
Exercises
170(2)
*Further Topics on Psychometric Functions
172(27)
Redefining Psychometric Families
174(6)
Ordering the Backgrounds
180(5)
Homomorphic Families
185(6)
Representation and Uniqueness Theorems for Subtractive Families
191(5)
Random Variables Representations
196(1)
Exercises
197(2)
Sensitivity Functions-Weber's Law
199(22)
Sensitivity Functions, Weber Functions
201(2)
Linear Psychometric Families-Weber's Law
203(7)
Alternatives to Weber's Law
210(5)
Inequalities
215(2)
Fechner's Problem Revisited
217(2)
Exercises
219(2)
Psychophysical Methods
221(12)
Traditional Psychophysical Methods
221(2)
Adaptive Methods
223(8)
Reference Notes
231(1)
Exercises
232(1)
Signal Detection Theory
233(27)
ROC Graphs and Curves
234(2)
A Random Variable Model for ROC Curves
236(3)
ROC Analysis and Likelihood Ratios
239(5)
ROC Analysis and the Forced Choice Paradigm
244(3)
ROC Analysis of Rating Scale Data
247(2)
The Gaussian Assumption
249(2)
The Threshold Theory
251(3)
Rating Data and the Threshold Theory
254(2)
A General Signal Detection Model
256(2)
Reference Notes
258(1)
Exercises
259(1)
Psychophysics with Several Variables or Channels
260(24)
A General Model for Two-Channel Detection
260(3)
Probability Summation
263(5)
Two Addditive Pooling Rules
268(2)
Additive Conjoint Measurement-The Algebraic Model
270(2)
Random Additive Conjoint Measurement
272(5)
Probabilistic Conjoint Measurement
277(2)
Bisection
279(2)
*Proofs
281(1)
Exercises
282(2)
Homogeneity Laws
284(21)
The Conjoint Weber's Laws-Outline
285(2)
The Conjoint Weber's Law-Results
287(6)
*The Strong Conjoint Weber's Laws
293(7)
*The Conjoint Weber's Inequality
300(1)
Shift Invariance in Loudness Recruitment
301(2)
Exercises
303(2)
Scaling and the Measurement of Sensation
305(20)
Types of Scales
305(1)
Unidimensional Scaling Methods
306(5)
The Krantz-Shepard Theory
311(4)
Functional Measurement
315(2)
The Measurement of Sensation-Sources of the Controversy
317(5)
Two Positions Concerning the Scaling of Sensory Magnitudes
322(1)
Why a Psychophysical Scale?
323(1)
Exercises
324(1)
Meaningful Psychophysical Laws
325(28)
Examples
327(3)
Scale Families
330(1)
Meaningful Families of Numerical Codes
331(6)
*Isotone and Dimensionally Invariant Families of Numerical Codes
337(4)
An Application in Psychoacoustics
341(4)
Why Meaningful Laws?
345(1)
*Complements
345(6)
Exercises
351(2)
References 353(13)
Answers or Hints to Selected Exercises 366(11)
Author Index 377(4)
Subject Index 381