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Energy Economics: Understanding Energy Security in China [Hardback]

(Beijing Institute of Technology, China), (Beijing Institute of Technology, China), (Beijing Institute of Technology, China), (Beijing Institute of Technology, China)
  • Formāts: Hardback, 512 pages, height x width x depth: 229x152x15 mm, weight: 263 g
  • Izdošanas datums: 23-Sep-2019
  • Izdevniecība: Emerald Publishing Limited
  • ISBN-10: 183867294X
  • ISBN-13: 9781838672942
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Energy Economics: Understanding Energy Security in ChinaPalielināt
  • Formāts: Hardback, 512 pages, height x width x depth: 229x152x15 mm, weight: 263 g
  • Izdošanas datums: 23-Sep-2019
  • Izdevniecība: Emerald Publishing Limited
  • ISBN-10: 183867294X
  • ISBN-13: 9781838672942
Citas grāmatas par šo tēmu:
Permanent link: https://www.kriso.lv/db/9781838672942.html
Keywords:
This book sets out a systematic piece of research which attempts to assess the level of energy security in China, investigate how national energy supply security might be improved, and consider how energy trade risks might be reduced.

As the largest energy consuming country and the second largest oil importing country, China has been the net importer of all fossil energy since 2009. With its increasing external energy dependence year by year, as well as frequent occurrences of oil, coal, and electricity shortages, the issue of energy security has been increasingly serious. What is the level of energy security in China? How might we improve national energy supply security and reduce energy trade risks?

This book sets out a systematic piece of research which attempts to tackle these hot issues. It starts with the history of world energy geopolitics and domestic energy security, focusing on the hot issues of the complexity of the international energy market, and moves to domestic energy import trade risks, domestic strategic energy reserve strategies, and the impact of the energy crisis on domestic economy. Further insights include the environmental and health effects of energy consumption, the development potential of renewable energy, energy security early-warning and contingency plans, and an international comparison of energy security.

The book will be an insightful resource for researchers and students of energy economics and energy management. It will also be a helpful support and reference tool for decision-makers in the energy industry.

Recenzijas

In order to assess the level of China's energy security and suggest how to improve the national energy supply security and reduce the energy trade risks, Wei and colleagues consider such aspects as the world energy situation and China's energy security, assessing Chinese energy import and transportation risks, key provincial sectors for energy conservation in China, effects of clean and renewable energy on national energy security, energy consumption and public health in China, and challenges and outlook of China's energy security. -- Copyright 2019 * Portland, OR *

List of Figures
xvii
List of Tables
xxv
About the Authors xxix
Preface xxxi
Chapter 1 Review of World Energy Situation and China's Energy Security
1(1)
1.1 Review of World Energy Development
1(1)
1.1.1 Global Fossil Energy Reserves Are Abundant but Unevenly Distributed
1(4)
1.1.2 Global Primary Energy Consumption Hits a Record High
5(2)
1.1.3 Global Renewable Energy Production and Consumption Grow Steadily
7(3)
1.1.4 Turmoil in the Middle East and North Africa and European Debt Crisis Cause Drastic Fluctuation to International Crude Oil Price
10(1)
1.2 New Trends in World Energy Development
11(11)
1.2.1 Future World Energy Demand Will Continue to Increase
11(1)
1.2.2 Global Financial Crisis Provides New Opportunities for the Development of Clean and Renewable Energy
12(1)
1.2.3 Fukushima Nuclear Accident Changes the World Nuclear Energy Development Plan
13(3)
1.2.4 Shale Gas Overturns the Global Natural Gas Structure
16(2)
1.2.5 World Energy Consumption Structure Presents a Clean and Low-carbon Trend
18(3)
1.2.6 Primary Energy Consumption Structure Varies in Different Countries
21(1)
1.3 Global Energy Trade Characteristics Analysis
22(5)
1.3.1 Characteristics of Global Oil Trade
22(2)
1.3.2 Characteristics of World Natural Gas Trade
24(1)
1.3.3 Characteristics of World Coal Trade
24(3)
1.4 Energy Consumption Characteristics and Energy Security in China
27(12)
1.4.1 Energy Consumption Characteristics in China
27(7)
1.4.2 Energy Security History in China
34(3)
1.4.3 Current Situation of Energy Security in China
37(2)
1.5 Interpretation and Understanding of Energy Security
39(4)
1.5.1 Definition of Energy Security
39(1)
1.5.2 Connotation and Evolution of Energy Security
40(3)
1.6 Summary
43(2)
Chapter 2 World Energy Geopolitics Development and China's Energy Diplomacy
45(1)
2.1 Evolution of World Energy Geopolitical Relation
45(1)
2.1.1 Britain and America's Conquest in the Middle East
45(5)
2.1.2 Confrontation between TEA and OPEC
50(3)
2.2 New Pattern of Energy Geopolitics in the World
53(4)
2.2.1 America Seeking for Oil Hegemony
53(1)
2.2.2 Russia Skilled in Playing the "Energy Card"
54(1)
2.2.3 EU and Japan in Contradiction
55(1)
2.2.4 Rising Emerging Countries
55(1)
2.2.5 OPEC Suffering Impact
56(1)
2.3 Geopolitical Pattern of Five Major Oil-producing Regions
57(10)
2.3.1 Geopolitical Pattern of Russia in Central Asia
57(2)
2.3.2 Geopolitical Pattern of the Middle East
59(3)
2.3.3 Geopolitical Pattern in Africa
62(2)
2.3.4 Geopolitical Pattern in Latin America
64(1)
2.3.5 Geopolitical Pattern of Asia-Pacific
65(2)
2.4 Transition of China's Energy Role
67(2)
2.4.1 Transition from Oil-poor Country to Oil-exporting Country
67(2)
2.4.2 Transition from Oil-exporting Country to Oil-importing Country
69(1)
2.5 China's Energy Diplomacy
69(8)
2.5.1 China's Energy Diplomacy in Russia in Central Asia
70(2)
2.5.2 China's Energy Diplomacy in the Middle East
72(1)
2.5.3 China's Energy Diplomacy in Africa
73(1)
2.5.4 China's Energy Diplomacy in Latin America
74(1)
2.5.5 China's Energy Diplomacy in Asia-Pacific
75(2)
2.6 Summary
77(2)
Chapter 3 Oil Price and Energy Security
79(1)
3.1 The World's Oil Price System and Its Evolution
79(1)
3.1.1 Formation of the World's Oil Price System
79(1)
3.1.2 Evolution of the Oil Price System
80(4)
3.2 Analysis on International Oil Price Fluctuation Characteristics and Influence
84(29)
3.2.1 Oil Price Fluctuation Characteristics
84(6)
3.2.2 Main Influencing Factors of Oil Price Fluctuation
90(9)
3.2.3 Impact of Oil Price Fluctuation on the Economy and Finance
99(14)
3.3 Development of Oil Finance and Its Risk Analysis
113(7)
3.3.1 Significance of the Development of Oil Finance
113(3)
3.3.2 The Risks Involved in the Development of Oil Finance
116(1)
3.3.3 Oil Future Market Speculation and Price Fluctuation
117(3)
3.4 Oil Prices and China's Energy Security
120(22)
3.4.1 Oil Pricing Mechanism and China's Energy Security
120(2)
3.4.2 Contradictions between Energy Security and Food Security Caused by Oil Prices
122(5)
3.4.3 Future Oil Price Trend and China's Energy Security
127(4)
3.4.4 Oil Price and China's Strategic Petroleum Reserve (SPR)
131(11)
3.5 Summary
142(1)
Chapter 4 Assessment of Energy Import and Transportation Risk of China
143(1)
4.1 Analysis on Transportation Risk of the Main Energy Trade Channel of China
143(1)
4.1.1 Main Transportation Channel for the Energy Trade of China
143(5)
4.1.2 Analysis of the Main Risk Faced by Marine Transportation of Oil
148(3)
4.1.3 China's Strategy to Reduce the Risk of Energy Trade Transportation
151(3)
4.2 Comparative Analysis on Comprehensive Risk of China's Oil Import
154(14)
4.2.1 Differences between Crude Oil and Refined Oil Trades in China
154(3)
4.2.2 Risk Assessment Model of the Investment Portfolio of Oil Import
157(2)
4.2.3 Comparison between Specific Risk of Crude Oil and Refined Oil Imports in China
159(4)
4.2.4 Comparison of the System Risk of Oil Imports in China
163(4)
4.2.5 Main Conclusions
167(1)
4.3 Comparative Analysis of Sino-US Crude Oil Import Risks
168(13)
4.3.1 Sino-US Crude Oil Import Status and External Dependence
168(1)
4.3.2 Differences between Sino-US Crude Oil Import Sources and Diversification
169(4)
4.3.3 Differences in the Strategy of Sino-US Crude Oil Imports
173(6)
4.3.4 Comparison of Sino-US Crude Oil Import Strategies
179(1)
4.3.5 Main Conclusions
179(2)
4.4 Analysis of China's Coal Trade and Transportation Risk
181(4)
4.4.1 History and Current Situation of China's Coal Trade
181(1)
4.4.2 Analysis of Coal Trade and Transportation Risk
182(3)
4.5 Analysis of China's Natural Gas Trade and Transportation Risk
185(5)
4.5.1 Analysis of the Current Situation of Natural Gas Supply and Demand in China
185(1)
4.5.2 China's Natural Gas Trade and Transportation Risks
186(4)
4.6 Summary
190(3)
Chapter 5 Research on China's Energy Reserve Strategy
193(1)
5.1 Status and Characteristics of Global Energy Reserves
193(1)
5.1.1 History and Status of Global Energy Reserves
193(2)
5.1.2 Characteristics and Strategies of Strategic Oil Reserves in the United States
195(5)
5.2 Best Supplement Time and Supplement Strategies of China's Strategic Oil Reserves
200(1)
5.2.1 Planning on Strategic Oil Reserve of China
200(1)
5.2.2 Planning Model for Uncertain Dynamic of Strategic Oil Reserves in China
201(4)
5.2.3 The Optimal Supplement Time and Strategy of China's Strategic Oil Reserves
205(5)
5.3 Optimal Release Strategy of China's Strategic Oil Reserves under Unexpected Incidents
210(16)
5.3.1 Dynamic Planning Model of Strategic Oil Reserve Strategy
210(6)
5.3.2 Impact of Different Emergencies on International Oil Prices
216(2)
5.3.3 Optimal Strategy of Strategic Oil Reserves in China under Different Emergencies
218(3)
5.3.4 Impact of Supplement and Release of China's Strategic Oil Reserves on International Oil Prices
221(1)
5.3.5 Strategy on Refined Oil Reserve of China
222(4)
5.4 Strategy on Natural Gas Reserve of China
226(4)
5.4.1 Natural Gas Reserve Patterns and Characteristics of the World's Typical Countries
226(2)
5.4.2 Status and Strategy of Natural Gas Reserves in China
228(2)
5.5 Strategy on Coal Reserves of China
230(3)
5.5.1 Status of China's Coal Reserves
230(2)
5.5.2 Recommendations on Coal Reserve Strategy
232(1)
5.6 Summary
233(2)
Chapter 6 Key Provincial Sectors for Energy Conservation in China
235(1)
6.1 Introduction
235(3)
6.2 Data Descriptions
238(2)
6.3 Key Province for Energy Conservation in Agriculture Sector (SI)
240(1)
6.4 Key for Energy Conservation in Industrial Sectors (S2-S40)
240(5)
6.5 Energy Consumption in Construction Industry (S41)
245(1)
6.6 Key (ij) for Energy Conservation in the Tertiary Industry (S42-S63)
246(1)
6.7 Rural and Urban Residential Energy Consumption (S64 and S65)
246(3)
6.8 Conclusion
249(4)
Chapter 7 Effects of Clean and Renewable Energy on National Energy Security
253(1)
7.1 Substitution Effect of World Clean and Renewable Energy on Fossil Fuels
253(1)
7.1.1 Growth Rates of Clean and Renewable Energy
253(4)
7.1.2 The Proportion of Clean and Renewable Energy Will Continue to Increase in the Future
257(1)
7.2 Substitution Effect of China's Clean and Renewable Energy on Fossil Fuels
258(3)
7.2.1 China's Clean and Renewable Energy Is Growing Rapidly
258(2)
7.2.2 China Is Rich in Water Resources
260(1)
7.2.3 China's Nuclear Power Is Expected to Account for 4-5% of the Total Installed Capacity of Electricity in 2020
261(1)
7.2.4 China's Wind Power Is Developing Rapidly
261(5)
7.2.5 China Has Broad Solar Energy Utilization Prospects
263(1)
7.2.6 Status and Potential of Biomass Energy Development
264(2)
7.3 International Comparison of Clean and Renewable Energy Development Policies
266(4)
7.3.1 Target Guidance
266(1)
7.3.2 Policy Incentives
266(2)
7.3.3 Industry Support
268(1)
7.3.4 Financial Support
269(1)
7.4 Summary
270(1)
Chapter 8 Energy Poverty and Energy Use Security
271(1)
8.1 Relationship between Energy Poverty and Enemy Use Security
271(1)
8.1.1 Energy Poverty and International Status Thereof
271(2)
8.1.2 China's current Situation of Energy Poverty
273(7)
8.2 Research on Major Influencing Factors of Energy Poverty
280(1)
8.2.1 Influencing Factors
280(6)
8.2.2 Method Introduction
286(1)
8.2.3 Model Results and Analysis
287(4)
8.3 Regional Energy Poverty Assessment in China
291(1)
8.3.1 Energy Development Index in Developing Countries
291(1)
8.3.2 Energy Poverty Index of Provinces in China
292(4)
8.3.3 Main Conclusions
296(1)
8.4 Summary
297(2)
Chapter 9 Energy Supply Crisis and Economic Security Research
299(1)
9.1 Analysis on the History and Impacts of World Energy Crisis
299(1)
9.1.1 Historical Review of the World Energy Crisis
300(1)
9.1.2 Analysis on the Impact of Oil Crisis on Global Macro-economy
301(5)
9.2 Analysis of Energy Supply Shortage Events in China
306(4)
9.2.1 Typical Events of Energy Supply Shortage in China in Recent Years
306(2)
9.2.2 Analysis on the Influencing Factors of China's Energy Supply Shortage
308(2)
9.3 Research of Social Economic Effects of Oil Supply Shortage
310(7)
9.3.1 Scenario Setting of Crude Oil Supply Shortage
310(1)
9.3.2 Impact of Crude Oil Supply Shortage on China's Social Economy
311(6)
9.4 Research on the Social Economic Effects of the Increase in International Crude Oil Price
317(8)
9.4.1 Scenario Setting of the Increase in International Crude Oil Price
318(1)
9.4.2 Impact of Increase in International Crude Oil Price on China's Social Economy
318(7)
9.5 Analysis on the Emergency Plan of the Refined Oil Supply Shortage
325(10)
9.5.1 Refined Oil Supply System in China
326(4)
9.5.2 Model Setting
330(1)
9.5.3 Comparison among the Effects of Different Emergency Plans for Dealing with Refined Oil Supply Shortage
331(4)
9.6 Summary
335(4)
Chapter 10 Energy Consumption and Public Health in China
339(1)
10.1 Overview of Impact on Environment and Public Health of Energy Consumption
339(1)
10.1.1 Overview of Impact on Environment of Energy Consumption
339(2)
10.1.2 Overview of Research on Public Health Effect Caused by Environmental Pollution
341(1)
10.1.3 Overview of Public Health Effect Caused by Regional Pollution and Industrial Emission
342(1)
10.2 Economic Assessment of Urban Air Pollution and Public Health Effect
343(9)
10.2.1 Research Background
343(1)
10.2.2 Evaluation Method and Data Resource of Environmental Health Effect
344(1)
10.2.3 Environmental Health Effect and Its Economic Loss of Urban Air Pollutant
344(8)
10.2.4 Scenario Analysis
352(1)
10.3 Economic Evaluation of Public Health Effect due to Sector Pollutant Emission
352(19)
10.3.1 Evaluation Method and Data Resource of Impact on Public Health by Sector Pollutant Emission
354(8)
10.3.2 Health Effects and Economic Loss Evaluation of Sector Emission
362(1)
10.3.3 Economic Loss Evaluation of Sectors' Marginal Health Impact
363(4)
10.3.4 Economic Loss Evaluation of Energy Marginal Health Impact
367(2)
10.3.5 Scenario Analysis
369(2)
10.4 Main Conclusions and Suggestions
371(6)
Chapter 11 Comprehensive Evaluation of National Energy Security
377(1)
11.1 Comparison of Energy Security Policies of Typical Countries
377(2)
11.1.1 Increase the Energy Technology Investment and Try Every Possible Way to Realize the Energy Technology Break Out
379(2)
11.1.2 Implementing Diversification Strategy for Energy Import Trading and Dispersing Energy Import Risk
381(2)
11.1.3 Energy-importing Countries made Great Efforts to Develop Strategic Reserves and Improve Energy Emergency Ability
383(1)
11.1.4 Optimizing Energy Consumption Structure and Encouraging Development of Clear Renewable Resource
384(3)
11.1.5 Paying Attention to Energy Geopolitics and Developing Diversified Diplomacy and Cooperation of Energy
387(1)
11.1.6 Establishing Efficient Energy Security Management Institution and Making Energy Emergency Laws and Regulations
388(2)
11.2 Comprehensive Evaluation Index System and Method for Energy Security
390(2)
11.2.1 Comprehensive Evaluation Index System of Energy Security
390(2)
11.2.2 Comprehensive Evaluation Mode of Energy Security
392(1)
11.3 Comparison of Energy Supply Security in Typical Countries
392(12)
11.3.1 The Energy Supply Security Index of Typical Developed Countries Generally Presented a Fluctuant Rising Trend
396(4)
11.3.2 Energy Supply Security Index of Typical Developing Countries Presented Declining Trend Generally
400(3)
11.3.3 After the 2008 Global Financial Crisis, Most Countries' Energy Supply Security Index Rose Dramatically
403(1)
11.3.4 Main Conclusions
404(1)
11.4 Overall Evaluation of China's Energy Security against the Background of Climate Change
404(10)
11.4.1 Impacts of Climate Change on China's Energy Security Policy
405(1)
11.4.2 Data Sources and Pretreatment
406(1)
11.4.3 China's Energy Supply Security Index Increased First and Then Decreased
407(3)
11.4.4 China's Energy Use Security Index Rose in Fluctuations
410(2)
11.4.5 Climate Protection and China's Energy Security
412(1)
11.4.6 Main Conclusions
413(1)
11.5 Summary
414(1)
Chapter 12 Challenges and Outlook of China's Energy Security
415(1)
12.1 Challenges of China's Energy Security
415(1)
12.1.1 Challenge of Rapid Energy Consumption Growth
415(1)
12.1.2 Challenge of Diversified Factors Threatening Energy Security
416(1)
12.1.3 Challenge of Transformation from Single Security to Multiple Security
417(1)
12.1.4 Challenge Brought by Global Climate Change
418(1)
12.1.5 Challenge to Control and Protect Environment
418(1)
12.1.6 Challenge to Control Total Energy Consumption
419(2)
12.2 Outlook of China's Energy Supply and Demand
421(4)
12.2.1 Growth Rate of Energy Demand Falls Back Gradually but with Many Uncertainties in the Fall-back Degree
421(1)
12.2.2 Proportion of Coal Consumption Decreases Gradually, but Those of Natural Gas and Renewable Energy Consumption Increase
422(1)
12.2.3 Output Growth of Crude Oil and Coal Slow Down Gradually and Clean Low-carbon Energy Flourishes Rapidly on the Whole
422(1)
12.2.4 As Important Places of Energy Production Relocate Toward the Western China, Large-scale and Long-distance Energy Allocation and Transportation Will Cause New Problems of Security and Management
423(1)
12.2.5 Implementing Total Quantity Control Policies Suffers from Predicament and Completing Objectives Depend on Policy Priority
424(1)
12.3 Outlook of China's Energy Security
425(5)
12.3.1 Energy Import Keeps Growing and Dependence on Foreign Energy Intensifies Continuously
425(1)
12.3.2 Diversify Energy Transport Corridors and Declining Transportation Risk
425(1)
12.3.3 The Energy Reserve System will be Relative Completed with a Vast Scale of National Energy Reserves
426(1)
12.3.4 Further Deepening Reform of Energy Marketing and Gradually Optimized Price System
427(1)
12.3.5 Although the Population under Energy Poverty Decreases Rapidly, China Still Has a Long Way to Go to Thoroughly Eliminate Energy Poverty
428(2)
12.4 Countermeasures and Suggestions for Safeguarding Energy Security of China
430(1)
12.4.1 Optimize Storage and Transportation --- Marketing - Cooperation Systems and construct National Energy Security Framework
430(3)
12.4.2 Optimize Industrial Structure and Realize Low-carbon Development Path
430(1)
12.4.3 Realize Diversification of Energy Import and Reduce Risk of Import Transportation
431(1)
12.4.4 Realize Industrialization of Renewable Energy by Financial Tax Means
431(1)
12.4.5 Strengthen Planning and Macro-control and Meet Demand for Energy Investment
431(1)
12.4.6 Establish the Energy Security Early-warning System and Protect Energy Supply Security
432(1)
References 433(14)
Index 447
Yi-Ming Wei is Distinguished University Professor of Energy and Environmental Economics and Director of the Center for Energy and Environmental Policy Research at the Beijing Institute of Technology. Qiao-Mei Liang is Professor of the Center for Energy and Environmental Policy Research at the Beijing Institute of Technology.  Gang Wu is Director of the Division of Business Administration in the Department of Management Sciences at the National Natural Science Foundation of China.  Hua Liao is Professor and Deputy Director of the Center for Energy and Environmental Policy Research at the Beijing Institute of Technology.