Preface to the Third Edition |
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xi | |
Part I: Introduction: Fundamentals |
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1 Environmental Science and Technology: The Connection |
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3 | (25) |
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4 | (1) |
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What Is Environment Science? |
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5 | (2) |
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7 | (3) |
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Science and Environmental Science |
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10 | (4) |
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Case Study 1.1: Salmon and the Rachel River |
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11 | (3) |
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Environmental Science and Technology: The Connection |
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14 | (9) |
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Case Study 1.2: Passenger Pigeons, Heath Hens, and Attwater's Prairie Chicken |
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16 | (4) |
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Case Study 1.3: The Amish and Lancaster County, Pennsylvania |
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20 | (3) |
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When Properly Connected, Science and Technology Offer Solutions |
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23 | (1) |
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Case Study 1.4: Transnational Corporations and Environmental Pollution |
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24 | (1) |
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When Improperly Connected, Science and Technology Can Cause Harm |
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24 | (4) |
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Case Study 1.5: Like a Cooked Goose |
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25 | (3) |
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2 Environment Science: The Fundamentals |
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28 | (24) |
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29 | (1) |
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30 | (5) |
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Energy Flow through an Ecosystem and the Biosphere |
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35 | (5) |
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40 | (12) |
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3 Environmental Chemistry |
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52 | (67) |
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54 | (1) |
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55 | (1) |
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56 | (1) |
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Classification of Elements |
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56 | (1) |
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Physical and Chemical Changes |
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57 | (1) |
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The Structure of the Atom |
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58 | (1) |
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Periodic Classification of the Elements |
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58 | (1) |
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59 | (1) |
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59 | (1) |
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Chemical Formulas and Equations |
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60 | (1) |
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Molecular Weights, Formulas, and the Mole |
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61 | (1) |
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Physical and Chemical Properties of Matter |
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61 | (1) |
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62 | (1) |
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62 | (1) |
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63 | (1) |
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64 | (2) |
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66 | (3) |
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Environmental Chemistry: Environmental Media |
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69 | (21) |
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Summary of Chemical Properties of Water |
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90 | (1) |
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Earth's Atmosphere: "A Flask without Walls" |
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91 | (16) |
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Summary of Chemical Properties of Air |
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107 | (1) |
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108 | (11) |
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4 Environmental Microbiology |
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119 | (63) |
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122 | (1) |
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123 | (2) |
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125 | (1) |
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126 | (8) |
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134 | (2) |
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136 | (4) |
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140 | (5) |
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Case Study 4.1: Airborne Particulate Matter |
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145 | (1) |
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Protozoa and Other Microogranisms |
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145 | (7) |
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Case Study 4.2: Activated Biosolids Process (Wastewater Treatment) |
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149 | (2) |
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Case Study 4.3: Brain-Eating Amoeba in Tap Water |
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151 | (1) |
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Environmental Factors Affecting Protozoan Population |
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152 | (2) |
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154 | (6) |
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Metabolic Transformations |
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160 | (8) |
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168 | (6) |
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174 | (8) |
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Case Study 4.4: West Nile Virus |
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179 | (3) |
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5 Environmental Toxicology |
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182 | (14) |
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183 | (2) |
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185 | (2) |
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Environmental Toxicology: Practical Applications |
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187 | (3) |
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Case Study 5.1: Biotic Index |
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187 | (3) |
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Environmental Endocrine Disrupters |
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190 | (6) |
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Case Study 5.2: DDT: Glory Days to Walking on Eggshells |
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192 | (4) |
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6 Environmental Geology and Groundwater Hydrology |
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196 | (15) |
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197 | (1) |
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198 | (1) |
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Formation and Types of Rocks |
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198 | (1) |
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199 | (4) |
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Case Study 6.1: Doing Dirt |
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202 | (1) |
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Soil Enhancement and Rebuilding |
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203 | (1) |
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204 | (1) |
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204 | (1) |
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205 | (3) |
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208 | (3) |
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7 Environmental Sampling and Analyses |
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211 | (12) |
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213 | (1) |
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Environmental Sampling and Analysis: What's It All About? |
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213 | (1) |
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General Considerations for a Sampling Program |
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214 | (4) |
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Case Study 7.1: Sydney, Australia |
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217 | (1) |
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General Evaluation Methods for Environmental Media |
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218 | (5) |
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8 Technology and the Environment |
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223 | (46) |
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226 | (1) |
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The Impact of Technology on Air Quality |
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227 | (9) |
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Case Study 8.1: Xenoestrogens and Estrogen Dominance |
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231 | (5) |
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Sources of Water Pollution |
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236 | (5) |
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Case Study 8.2: Persistent Pesticide Exposure |
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238 | (3) |
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Sources of Soil Pollution |
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241 | (7) |
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Case Study 8.3: When the Animas River Became a "Yellow Boy" |
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243 | (4) |
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Case Study 8.4: Composting Toilets: Beneficial Technology for Preserving Soil and Water Quality |
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247 | (1) |
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Alternative and Renewable Energy Technologies |
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248 | (21) |
Part II: Air Quality |
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9 The Atmosphere-Basic Air Quality |
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269 | (28) |
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271 | (1) |
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272 | (14) |
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277 | (7) |
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Case Study 9.2: Blowing in the Wind |
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284 | (2) |
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286 | (4) |
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290 | (1) |
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291 | (6) |
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297 | (14) |
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298 | (2) |
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Case Study 10.1: Shenk's Ferry: A Microclimate in Action |
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299 | (1) |
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Meteorology: The Science of Weather |
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300 | (3) |
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300 | (3) |
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Thermal Inversions and Air Pollution |
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303 | (1) |
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304 | (7) |
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11 Atmospheric Pollutants |
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311 | (15) |
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313 | (1) |
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313 | (13) |
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Case Study 11.1: Snowmobiling in Yellowstone National Park |
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321 | (2) |
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Case Study 11.2: Take a Deep Breath...and Hold It |
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323 | (3) |
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12 Atmospheric Air Dispersion |
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326 | (14) |
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328 | (1) |
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The Atmosphere and Meteorology |
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328 | (7) |
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335 | (5) |
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13 Atmospheric Change-Global Climate Change |
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340 | (22) |
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341 | (1) |
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342 | (4) |
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How Is Climate Change Measured? |
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346 | (9) |
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Case Study 13.1: The 411 on Global Climate Change |
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350 | (5) |
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355 | (2) |
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Stratospheric Ozone Depletion |
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357 | (5) |
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14 Air Pollution Control Technology |
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362 | (23) |
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364 | (1) |
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Air Pollution Control: Choices |
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364 | (4) |
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Case Study 14.1: Cedar Creek Composting |
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365 | (3) |
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Air Pollution Control Equipment and Systems |
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368 | (1) |
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Removal of Dry Particulate Matter |
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369 | (3) |
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Removal of Gaseous Pollutants: Stationary Sources |
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372 | (7) |
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Removal of Gaseous Pollutants: Mobile Sources |
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379 | (6) |
Part III: Water Quality |
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15 Characteristics of Water |
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385 | (31) |
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388 | (2) |
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390 | (6) |
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Case Study 15.1: Real and Artificial Wetlands |
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394 | (2) |
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396 | (1) |
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397 | (19) |
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16 Characteristics of Freshwater Bodies |
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416 | (29) |
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419 | (1) |
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420 | (2) |
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Lentic (Standing or Still) Water Systems |
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422 | (9) |
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Case Study 16.1: Eutrophication |
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428 | (3) |
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Lotic (Flowing) Water Systems |
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431 | (9) |
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Case Study 16.2: Why Do Rivers Flood? |
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433 | (7) |
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440 | (5) |
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17 Water Pollution and Water Pollution Control |
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445 | (40) |
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447 | (1) |
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448 | (6) |
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Case Study 17.1: Flint by Any Other Name Might Be Lead |
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450 | (4) |
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Point and Nonpoint Sources of Pollution |
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454 | (1) |
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Industrial Sources of Water Pollution |
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455 | (3) |
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Case Study 17.2: Woburn, Massachusetts |
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456 | (2) |
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458 | (1) |
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458 | (3) |
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Case Study 17.3: Acid Mine Drainage and the Berkeley Pit |
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459 | (2) |
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Agricultural Sources of Surface Water Pollution |
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461 | (1) |
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Case Study 17.4: The Lotka-Volterra Predator-Prey Principle |
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461 | (1) |
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Lotka-Volterra Predator-Prey Model |
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461 | (2) |
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463 | (1) |
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464 | (2) |
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466 | (1) |
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Safe Drinking Water Act (SDWA) |
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466 | (1) |
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Federal Water Pollution Control Act |
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467 | (1) |
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Effect of Regulations on Preventing Water Pollution |
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468 | (1) |
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Case Study 17.5: When Government Intervened to Protect a Polluter |
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469 | (1) |
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469 | (1) |
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470 | (2) |
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Wastewater Characteristics |
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472 | (2) |
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Thermal Pollution Treatment |
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474 | (1) |
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Pollution Control Technology: Underground Storage Tanks (USTs) |
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475 | (4) |
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Pollution Control Technology: Groundwater Remediation |
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479 | (6) |
Part IV: Soil Quality |
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485 | (11) |
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486 | (3) |
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489 | (1) |
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490 | (6) |
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19 Soil Pollution and Soil Pollution Control |
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496 | (41) |
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499 | (1) |
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Surface Origins of Soil Contaminants |
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500 | (5) |
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Industrial Practices and Soil Contamination |
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505 | (4) |
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Case Study 19.1: Brownfields |
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508 | (1) |
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509 | (1) |
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510 | (7) |
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Case Study 19.2: Roundaway Tanks |
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511 | (4) |
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Case Study 19.3: Human Error |
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515 | (2) |
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517 | (1) |
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518 | (1) |
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Remediation of UST-Contaminated Soils |
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518 | (19) |
Part V: Solid and Hazardous Waste |
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537 | (10) |
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538 | (1) |
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Solid Waste Regulatory History (United States) |
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539 | (1) |
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Solid Waste Characteristics |
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540 | (2) |
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Sources of Municipal Solid Wastes |
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542 | (5) |
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Case Study 20.1: Problem Wastes-Tire Disposal |
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543 | (4) |
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547 | (13) |
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549 | (1) |
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What Is a Hazardous Substance? A Hazardous Waste? |
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549 | (3) |
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Case Study 21.1: Spills of Hazardous Materials |
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551 | (1) |
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Again, What Is a Hazardous Substance? |
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552 | (1) |
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What Is a Hazardous Waste? |
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553 | (1) |
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Where Do Hazardous Wastes Come From? |
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554 | (1) |
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Why Are We Concerned about Hazardous Wastes? |
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555 | (1) |
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Hazardous Waste Legislation |
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555 | (5) |
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22 Waste Control Technology |
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560 | (13) |
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561 | (1) |
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562 | (1) |
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563 | (1) |
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564 | (3) |
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567 | (6) |
Appendix: Energy Units and Math Operations |
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573 | (20) |
Glossary |
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593 | (34) |
Index |
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627 | (24) |
About the Author |
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651 | |