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E-grāmata: Errors of Justice: Nature, Sources and Remedies

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(American University, Washington DC)
  • Formāts: PDF+DRM
  • Sērija : Cambridge Studies in Criminology
  • Izdošanas datums: 10-Nov-2003
  • Izdevniecība: Cambridge University Press
  • Valoda: eng
  • ISBN-13: 9781139239134
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Errors of Justice: Nature, Sources and RemediesPalielināt
  • Formāts: PDF+DRM
  • Sērija : Cambridge Studies in Criminology
  • Izdošanas datums: 10-Nov-2003
  • Izdevniecība: Cambridge University Press
  • Valoda: eng
  • ISBN-13: 9781139239134
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In this book, Brian Forst takes a fresh perspective on the assessment of criminal justice policy, examining the prospect of assessing policies based on their impact on errors of justice: the error of failing to bring offenders to justice, on the one hand, and the error of imposing costs on innocent people and excessive costs on offenders, on the other. Noting that we have sophisticated systems for managing errors in statistical inference and quality control processes and no parallel system for managing errors of a more socially costly variety - on matters of guilt and innocence - the author lays the foundation for a common sense approach to the management of errors in the criminal justice system, from policing and prosecution to sentencing and corrections. He examines the sources of error in each sector, the harms they impose on society, and frameworks for analyzing and reducing them.

Recenzijas

'Brian Forst tackles the topic of errors of justice in a balanced manner that has been absent from the scholarly debate on the effects of the criminal justice policy on outcomes no other book that addresses such a range of important criminal justice topics using the critical yardstick of analysis, and that is indeed the book's major strength long overdue. The book provides a blueprint for the kinds of data we need to better estimate the extent and costs of real errors associated with criminal justice policy. Dr Forst is ideally suited to write this book. His expertise on statistical inference, criminal justice information systems, policing, prosecution, and the death penalty is put to powerful use here. The book is immensely readable, rigorous and thorough, yet it will be accessible to non-technical readers. This is a valuable scholarly contribution. I loved it!' Joan Petersilia, University of California, Irvine 'Errors of Justice provides a powerful, well-grounded framework for analyzing some of the great topics of our day: wrongful convictions, the rights of suspects in terrorist investigations, the overuse of prison as a sanction, and reform of the exclusionary rule, to name just a few. Brian Forstas application of the principles of statistical inference and welfare economics to reducing criminal justice error is cogent, fresh, and interesting. This is an important book.' Philip J. Cook, Duke University ' very accessible '. The Times

Papildus informācija

Forst takes a fresh perspective on the assessment of criminal justice policy.
Preface xiii
Acknowledgments xv
1 The Problem 1(9)
Introduction
1(2)
What Is an Error of Justice?
3(4)
Aim and Overview of the Book
7(3)
2 Errors of Due Process 10(12)
Introduction
10(1)
What Is Due Process?
11(2)
Landmark Due Process Cases
13(3)
The Sources of Due Process Errors and Their Social Significance
16(3)
Managing Due Process Errors
19(2)
Conclusion
21(1)
3 Errors of Impunity 22(9)
Introduction
22(1)
What Is an Error of Impunity?
23(1)
The Sources and Consequences of Errors of Impunity
23(4)
Managing Errors of Impunity
27(3)
Conclusion
30(1)
4 Frameworks for Analyzing the Incidence of Justice Errors 31(14)
Introduction
31(1)
Managing Errors of Statistical Inference: The Problem of Reliability
32(4)
Managing Errors of Statistical Inference: The Problem of Validity
36(4)
Parallels between Errors of Statistical Inference and Errors of Justice
40(1)
Managing Errors in Production and Service Delivery Processes
41(2)
Conclusion
43(2)
5 Assessing the Cost of Justice Errors 45(12)
Introduction
45(1)
What Are the Social Costs of Crime and Justice?
46(2)
Difficulties in Assessing the Social Costs of Crime and Justice
48(4)
Optimal Levels of Interventions Against Crime
52(2)
Initial Estimates
54(1)
Conclusion
55(2)
6 Standards of Evidence 57(9)
Introduction
57(1)
Varying the Parameters
58(6)
Conclusion
64(2)
7 Police-Induced Errors 66(46)
Introduction
66(1)
Making Sense of Policing Errors
67(2)
Nature and Sources of Justice Errors Associated with the Police
69(23)
Managing Justice Errors Attributable to the Police
92(14)
Balancing Error Management with Other Policing Goals
106(3)
Conclusion
109(3)
8 Prosecution Policy and Justice Errors 112(22)
Introduction
112(2)
Prosecutorial Discretion and Errors of Justice
114(2)
Improved Coordination with Police
116(2)
Errors of Fact, Questions of Culpability, and Tactical Errors
118(2)
Should the Prosecutor Emphasize Conviction Quality or Quantity?
120(2)
Analyzing Data on Prosecution under a Range of Assumptions about Factual Guilt
122(5)
Analysis by Crime Category
127(4)
Conclusion
131(3)
9 The Jury 134(16)
Introduction
134(2)
Jury Policy, Representativeness, and Justice Errors
136(4)
How Many Jurors? Must Their Decision be Unanimous?
140(5)
Jury Dynamics
145(4)
Conclusion
149(1)
10 Sentencing and Corrections 150(34)
Introduction
150(2)
Optimum Sanctions under Alternative Frameworks
152(20)
Sources of Excessive Social Costs in Sentencing
172(1)
Who Might Cause Sentences to be Outside the Norm?
173(3)
Should Sanctions be Based on Predictions?
176(2)
Errors in Corrections
178(2)
The Critical Role of Incentives and Systems of Accountability
180(2)
Conclusion
182(2)
11 Homicide 184(28)
Introduction
184(1)
Basics about Homicide: Opportunities for Error in Classification
185(5)
Failures to Bring Homicide Offenders to Justice
190(7)
Excessive Intrusions in Homicide Cases
197(2)
The Death Penalty
199(4)
Remedies and Impediments to the Management of Errors in Homicide Cases
203(7)
Conclusion
210(2)
12 A Matter of Legitimacy 212(9)
Introduction
212(1)
What Is Legitimacy?
213(2)
Operationalizing the Notion of Legitimacy
215(2)
Conclusion
217(4)
Bibliography 221(22)
Index 243


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