| Acknowledgments |
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xi | |
| List of Tables, Boxes, and Figures |
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xiii | |
| List of Acronyms |
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xvii | |
| List of Contributors |
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xxiii | |
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1 | (16) |
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The Purpose of this Book and the Three Themes |
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4 | (1) |
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Theme 1: Peace-Building through Economic Cooperation in a Mixed Economy |
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5 | (3) |
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Theme 2: More Than an International Organization, Less Than a State |
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8 | (3) |
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Theme 3: From Economic to Democratic Legitimation? |
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11 | (3) |
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14 | (3) |
| Part I. Integration and Governance Introduction to Part I |
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17 | (108) |
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2 A Short History of the European Union: From Rome to Lisbon |
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21 | (20) |
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Constantin Chira-Pascanut |
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European Integration: A Historical Overview |
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22 | (1) |
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The First Moves: The European Coal and Steel Community (1951), the European Economic Community (1957), and the European Atomic Energy Community (1957) |
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22 | (5) |
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The 1960s: A Decade of Mixed Results |
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27 | (1) |
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The 1970s: Facing Economic Crisis |
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28 | (2) |
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The 1980s and the 1990s: European Integration Reloaded |
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30 | (1) |
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The EU at the Beginning of the New Century |
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31 | (3) |
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Debate: How Do Scholars Assess the Origins of European Integration? |
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34 | (8) |
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The Federalist School of Thought |
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34 | (2) |
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36 | (5) |
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3 The Major Legislative and Executive Bodies of the European Union |
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41 | (23) |
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42 | (5) |
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47 | (5) |
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52 | (2) |
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54 | (2) |
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Debate: Efficiency, Solidarity, and Leadership |
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56 | (8) |
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4 Legal Integration and the Court of Justice of the European Union |
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64 | (19) |
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Primary Law: The Treaties |
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65 | (1) |
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Secondary Law: Acts of the EU Institutions |
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66 | (3) |
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The Court of Justice of the European Union: Overview |
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69 | (2) |
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The CJEU as a Constitutional Court for the European Union |
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71 | (9) |
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Ensuring Member State Compliance with EU Law: Direct Effect and Supremacy |
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71 | (4) |
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Enforcing EU Law in the CJEU |
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75 | (2) |
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The CJEU as a Court of Review of EU Secondary Legislation |
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77 | (2) |
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The Court's Defence of Fundamental Rights |
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79 | (1) |
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Debate: Incremental Legal Integration, Direct Effect, and Supremacy |
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80 | (3) |
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5 Policy-Making and Governance in the European Union's Multilevel System |
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83 | (22) |
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The Fundamental Constraints on EU Policy-Making |
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84 | (3) |
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The Evolution of EU Policy-Making |
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87 | (4) |
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The Evolution of EU Governance Modes |
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91 | (5) |
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The Institutional Structure of EU Governance |
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96 | (4) |
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Debate: Is EU Governance Effective? |
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100 | (5) |
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6 Theories of European Integration and Governance |
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105 | (20) |
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Federalism, Neofunctionalism, and Intergovernmentalism |
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106 | (6) |
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106 | (2) |
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108 | (2) |
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110 | (2) |
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Multilevel Governance, Governance, Europeanization, and Institutionalism |
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112 | (3) |
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Theories of Democracy, Legitimacy, and the EU as a Global Player |
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115 | (3) |
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Debate: Why Use Theories in European Integration Studies? |
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118 | (7) |
| Part II. Policies |
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125 | (2) |
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7 The Single Market and Economic and Monetary Integration |
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127 | (28) |
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From the Common Market to the Single Market |
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128 | (4) |
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Creating Europe's Single Currency |
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132 | (3) |
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The First Ten Years of EMU |
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135 | (3) |
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From Financial Crisis to Sovereign Debt Crisis |
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138 | (1) |
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Crisis Responses: New Institutions for the Single Currency |
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139 | (3) |
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Banking Union and Capital Markets Union |
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142 | (5) |
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Debate: Fiscal Federalism, Vicious Circle, and Brexit |
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147 | (8) |
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8 Justice, Freedom, and Security |
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155 | (21) |
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Justice, Freedom, and Security: From Humble Beginnings to a Key EU Policy Field |
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156 | (12) |
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159 | (4) |
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Justice, Fundamental Rights, and Citizenship |
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163 | (2) |
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165 | (3) |
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Debate: Governing Migration and Borders: The Refugee Crisis and Its Impact on the EU |
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168 | (8) |
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9 Foreign, Security, and Defence Policies |
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176 | (20) |
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A Short History of EU Foreign Policy |
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177 | (7) |
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A Hybrid Foreign Policy System |
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184 | (5) |
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Debates in EU Foreign Policy |
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189 | (7) |
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10 The Social Dimension of the European Union |
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196 | (18) |
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The Evolution of EU Social Policy |
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197 | (12) |
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198 | (1) |
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Bringing the Supranational into the National |
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199 | (2) |
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201 | (3) |
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The Lisbon Treaty and Europe 2020 |
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204 | (5) |
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Debate: EU Social Policy in Challenging Times |
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209 | (5) |
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11 Common Agricultural Policy |
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214 | (20) |
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Common Agricultural Policy: History, Instruments, and Reforms |
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215 | (8) |
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215 | (1) |
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CAP Instruments and Their Outcomes |
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216 | (2) |
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218 | (5) |
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Debate: Distributing the Budget, Farm Support, and Decentralization |
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223 | (11) |
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12 Environmental and Energy Policy |
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234 | (21) |
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History of EU Environmental Policy |
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235 | (4) |
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History of EU Energy Policy |
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239 | (2) |
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Current Challenges for EU Environmental and Energy Policy |
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241 | (8) |
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Debate: CO2 Reduction and the Role of the EU in Sustainable Energy Development |
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249 | (6) |
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255 | (21) |
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The Origins and Development of the EU's Regional Policy |
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256 | (13) |
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From Six to Twelve: The European Regional Development Fund (1967-1988) |
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258 | (3) |
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The Institutionalization of Cohesion Policy (1988-1993) |
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261 | (2) |
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From 12 to 15: The Maastricht Treaty (1993-1999) |
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263 | (1) |
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From is to 25: Making Enlargement a Success (2000-2006) |
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264 | (2) |
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At 27 Members: The World's Largest Development Program (2007-2013) |
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266 | (2) |
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The Way Forward: Cohesion Policy in an EU of 28 Member States (2014-2020) |
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268 | (1) |
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Debate: Does the Regional Policy Work? |
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269 | (7) |
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14 European External Trade Policy |
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276 | (19) |
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The Evolution of EU Trade Policy |
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277 | (12) |
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EC Common Commercial Policy |
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277 | (2) |
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Trade Policy and the Single Market |
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279 | (1) |
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The Lisbon Treaty and Europe 2020 |
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280 | (3) |
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From Negotiation to Ratification |
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283 | (2) |
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285 | (4) |
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Debate: Issues with EU Trade Policies |
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289 | (6) |
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295 | (22) |
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The First Three Enlargements |
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296 | (5) |
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The United Kingdom, Ireland, and Denmark |
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296 | (2) |
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298 | (2) |
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300 | (1) |
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301 | (3) |
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Managing Enlargement: From Improvisation to Governance |
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304 | (4) |
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Intergovernmental Institutions and Actors |
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304 | (2) |
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Supranational Institutions and Actors |
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306 | (2) |
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Debate: Assessing Enlargement |
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308 | (10) |
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308 | (1) |
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309 | (1) |
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310 | (1) |
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311 | (6) |
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16 European Neighbourhood Policy |
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317 | (20) |
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318 | (11) |
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The Development of ENP since 2004 |
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320 | (2) |
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The Eastern Partnership (EaP) |
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322 | (1) |
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The Mediterranean Initiative |
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323 | (1) |
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Main ENP Tools: Conditionality Based on Shared Values? |
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324 | (2) |
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Types of Agreements and Associations |
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326 | (3) |
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The ENP as an External Governance Approach |
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329 | (1) |
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Debate: How Successful Has the ENP Been? |
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329 | (8) |
| Part III. Challenges |
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337 | (2) |
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17 Democracy in the European Union |
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339 | (20) |
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Democratic Life in the EU |
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340 | (11) |
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341 | (3) |
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National Democratic Processes |
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344 | (4) |
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Procedures for Civil Society Participation |
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348 | (2) |
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EU Democracy and the Citizens |
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350 | (1) |
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Debate: Is There a "Democratic Deficit" in EU Politics? |
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351 | (8) |
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18 Geopolitics of the European Union |
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359 | (20) |
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The EU: An "Accidental" Geopolitical Actor? |
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360 | (4) |
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Regional Geopolitical Challenges: The Larger European Context |
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364 | (3) |
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Global Geopolitical Challenges: The EU's Geopolitical Role outside of Europe |
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367 | (5) |
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The EU's Strategic Partnerships |
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367 | (3) |
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The Middle East and the Arab Spring |
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370 | (1) |
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371 | (1) |
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Debate: Relations with Russia and the Ukraine Crisis |
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372 | (7) |
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379 | (8) |
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| Glossary |
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387 | (12) |
| Appendix: Research Resources |
|
399 | (6) |
| Index |
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405 | |
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