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E-grāmata: Evaluation of Evidence: Pre-Modern and Modern Approaches

(Yale University, Connecticut)
  • Formāts: PDF+DRM
  • Sērija : ASCL Studies in Comparative Law
  • Izdošanas datums: 20-Dec-2018
  • Izdevniecība: Cambridge University Press
  • Valoda: eng
  • ISBN-13: 9781108602846
  • Formāts - PDF+DRM
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  • Formāts: PDF+DRM
  • Sērija : ASCL Studies in Comparative Law
  • Izdošanas datums: 20-Dec-2018
  • Izdevniecība: Cambridge University Press
  • Valoda: eng
  • ISBN-13: 9781108602846

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"Should the law restrain the freedom of the trier of facts to determine the value of evidence in criminal cases? This question intensely preoccupied nineteenth-century lawyers. On the continent of Europe, the triggering event for mulling it over was the challenge which the French revolutionary idea of free evaluation of evidence presented to traditional legal proof rules of Roman-canon origin. In England, responsible for stirring the debate was Jeremy Bentham's scathing critique of the subjection of fact- finding activity to legal regulation. Although his primary target was rules on the admissibility of evidence, he also lambasted rules of weight. In the battle over the fate of the ancien regime's justice system, which relied on legal proof rules, the debate became politicized and acrimonious. As the conceptual scaffolding for this debate, continental legal theorists posited a stark contrast between two fact-finding schemes - one rejecting and the other adopting legal constraints on the fact-finders' assessment of the value of evidence. English jurors were placed in the former and continental professional judges in the latter scheme. In this Manichaean opposition, English jurors appeared completely free from legal constraints, while continental judges seemed like robotic implementers of Roman-canon rules on the quantity and quality of evidence, required to arrive at factual findings irrespective of their personal assessment of evidence. This opposition was accepted as true in common law countries and became the dominant account of how factual findings were made on the continent during the ancien regime"--

"Judges were never bound by law to convict a defendant unless they considered him guilty. Yet, they could be prohibited by law from convicting a person they consider guilty due to the absence of legally prescribed or the presence of legally prohibited evidence.Evaluation of Evidence addresses the question: should the law restrict the freedom of judges in assessing the probative value of evidence in the criminal process? Tracing the treatment of evidence from pre-modern to modern times, Mirjan Damaška argues that there has always been some understanding about rules regarding the use and treatment of evidence, and these rules should not be looked askance as a departure from ideal arrangements. In a time when science and technology have the ability to contribute to factual inquiry, there needs to be acceptance of rules that expand or corroborate evidence produced by our native sensory apparatus"--

Recenzijas

'In Evaluation of Evidence, Mirjan Damaka takes on the essential but ever difficult problem of finding the right amount of space that fact-finders should be allowed in determining guilt and innocence. He juxtaposes the relatively strict approach of Roman-canon law, that limited evidence by 'affixing the value of evidence in advance' with the broader freedom permitted by modern law. He thus expands our contemporary thinking and thoughtfully explores the likely challenges of the future.' Oscar G. Chase, Russell D. Niles Professor of Law, New York University School of Law 'Mirjan Damaka is the most learned and perceptive comparative law scholar of the last fifty years. In this important book, he questions standard views about how the rules of evidence were understood in Roman-canon law and inquisitorial proceedings, articulates an alternative historical account about it, and provides key insights about how we should think about the evaluation of evidence in our time. This book is indispensable for anyone interested in the past, present and future of the law of evidence and legal adjudication.' Mįximo Langer, University of California, Los Angeles School of Law 'The sixteenth century was a great century in the history of European criminal procedure, and Prospero Farinacci was procedure's most famous and important practitioner. Damaka has skillfully used these cases to illustrate the procedural rules that Farinacci and other jurists from Baldus to Carpzov developed and form the foundation of modern criminal law. This book will be a valuable supplemental text for criminal procedure law courses.' Ken Pennington, The Catholic University of America 'The book is an outstanding historical research about some of the most important topics concerning the evaluation of evidence in criminal law. Damaka's view is original, based upon a wide and deep analysis of the historical sources. Evaluation of Evidence is an important contribution to the history of judicial systems, in particular the evolution of evidentiary rules and the function of courts, with main reference to the inquisitorial model that dominated the Western world for several centuries.' Michele Taruffo, University of Pavia, Italy

Papildus informācija

Well-chosen negative legal proof rules can be useful procedural safeguards. They existed in both pre-modern and modern criminal procedures.
Acknowledgments viii
Prologue 1(9)
1 The Origin of Roman-Canon Legal Proof in Criminal Cases
10(17)
2 Epistemic Foundations
27(20)
3 Orientation in the Labyrinth
47(12)
4 The Two-Eyewitnesses Rule
59(10)
5 The Probative Impact of Confessions
69(12)
6 The Negative Effect of Legal Proof
81(11)
7 The Rejection of Persuasive Evidence
92(13)
8 Evading the Roman-Canon Full Proof Standard
105(8)
9 Recapitulation
113(5)
10 Continental Successors to Roman-Canon Legal Proof
118(10)
11 Roman-Canon Legal Proof and Common Law Evidence
128(10)
Epilogue 138(11)
Index 149
Mirjan Damaka is Sterling Professor Emeritus of Law and Professorial Lecturer in Law at Yale Law School. He is a fellow of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences, and a member of the Croatian Academy of Sciences and Arts and the International Academy of Comparative Law. He is the author of over 100 articles and six books, including The Faces of Justice and State Authority(1986) and Evidence Law Adrift (1997).