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Evidence-Based Practice in Sport and Exercise: A Practitioner's Guide to Using Research [Mīkstie vāki]

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  • Formāts: Paperback / softback, 352 pages, height x width x depth: 235x191x19 mm, weight: 590 g, 230 illustrations
  • Izdošanas datums: 30-Sep-2016
  • Izdevniecība: F.A. Davis Company
  • ISBN-10: 0803640285
  • ISBN-13: 9780803640283
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Evidence-Based Practice in Sport and Exercise: A Practitioner's Guide to Using ResearchPalielināt
  • Formāts: Paperback / softback, 352 pages, height x width x depth: 235x191x19 mm, weight: 590 g, 230 illustrations
  • Izdošanas datums: 30-Sep-2016
  • Izdevniecība: F.A. Davis Company
  • ISBN-10: 0803640285
  • ISBN-13: 9780803640283
Citas grāmatas par šo tēmu:
Permanent link: https://www.kriso.lv/db/9780803640283.html
Keywords:

What is the evidence?

Why do you need it?

How do you evaluate it?

How do you use it to make decisions?

 

Put the evidence to work for your patients.

Master the knowledge and clinical decision-making skills you need to provide the very best care for your clients…based on the evidence.

Step by step, you’ll learn how to find and evaluate the existing research and determine whether there is sufficient clinical evidence to support a specific treatment and whether it should be recommended or used to address a client’s need. A wealth of examples drawn from the literature illustrates its role in everyday practice.

An access code inside new printed texts unlocks your Davis Digital eBook, the complete text online, and questions that guide and reinforce learning.

Section 1 Introduction to Applying Research 1(102)
1 What Is Evidence-Based Practice?
2(18)
Evidence-Based Practice In Exercise Science And Health Care
4(2)
Role of Evidence in the Practitioner's Decision-Making Process
5(1)
Levels Of Evidence
6(14)
Centre for Evidence-Based Medicine Hierarchy
7(6)
Level 5: "First Principles," Physiological Evidence and Bench Research, Expert Opinion
8(1)
Level 4: Case-Series and Poor-Quality Cohort or Case-Control Studies
9(1)
Level 3b: Individual Case-Control Study
9(1)
Level 3a: Systematic Review of Case-Control Studies
10(1)
Level 2c: Outcomes Research and Ecological Studies
10(1)
Level 2b: Individual Cohort Study or Low-Quality Randomized Controlled Trial
11(1)
Level 2a: Systematic Review of Cohort Studies
11(1)
Level 1c: All-or-None
12(1)
Level 1b: Individual Randomized Controlled Trial
12(1)
Level 1a: Systematic Reviews of Randomized Controlled Trials
12(1)
Centre for Evidence-Based Medicine Pyramid for Other Studies
13(1)
Alternative Levels of Evidence
13(1)
Base and Shape of the Evidence Pyramid
14(1)
Strength of Recommendation Taxonomy
15(5)
2 Answering a Clinically Relevant Question
20(28)
The Five-Step Approach
22(26)
1 Asking Focused Questions: Translating Uncertainty to an Answerable Question (Ask)
22(3)
Patients
22(1)
Intervention
23(1)
Comparison
23(1)
Outcome
24(1)
2 Finding the Evidence: Systematic Retrieval of Best Evidence Available (Acquire)
25(11)
Electronic Databases
26(8)
Search Strategies
34(2)
3 Critical Appraisal: Testing Evidence for Validity, Clinical Relevance, and Applicability (Appraise)
36(2)
Assessing Validity
36(1)
Assessing Clinical Relevance
37(1)
Assessing Applicability
38(1)
4 Making a Decision: Application of Results in Practice (Act)
38(4)
Client Values and Priorities
38(2)
Were Clinically Meaningful Outcomes Studied?
40(1)
Number Needed to Treat
40(1)
Number Needed to Harm
41(1)
Dealing With Inadequate Science
42(1)
5 Evaluating Performance: Auditing Evidence-Based Decisions (Analyze and Adjust)
42(8)
Self-Assessment
42(1)
Client Assessment
43(5)
3 Outcome Measures in Health and Exercise Science
48(20)
Disablement Continuum
50(2)
World Health Organization Model
50(2)
Types Of Measures Or Outcomes
52(16)
Disease-Oriented Evidence
52(1)
Patient-Oriented Evidence That Matters
53(1)
Clinician-Based Outcomes Measures
53(2)
Patient-Based Outcomes Measures
55(9)
Disease-Specific Outcomes
55(1)
Region-Specific Outcomes
56(2)
Dimension-Specific Outcomes
58(2)
Generic Outcomes
60(1)
Global Rating of Change
61(2)
Summary Scales
63(1)
Properties of Patient-Based Outcomes
63(1)
Performance-Based Assessments
64(4)
4 Outcome Properties
68(35)
Types Of Data
70(1)
Measures Of Central Tendency
71(4)
Mode
71(1)
Median
72(1)
Mean
73(2)
Measures Of Dispersion
75(5)
Standard Deviation
75(1)
Standard Error and Confidence Intervals
76(4)
Measurement Reliability
80(6)
Test-Retest
81(5)
Interrater
84(1)
Intersession
85(1)
Caveats of Test-Retest Reliability
85(1)
Internal Consistency
86(1)
Validity
86(4)
Criterion Validity
87(2)
Concurrent Validity
87(2)
Predictive Validity
89(1)
Construct Validity
89(1)
Face Validity
90(1)
Clinimetric Properties Of Measurement
90(14)
Minimal Detectable Change
91(2)
Minimal Important Difference
93(4)
Anchor-Based Approach
93(2)
Issues and Cautions Using Minimal Important Difference
95(1)
Sensitivity- and Specificity-Based Approach
96(1)
Distribution-Based Approach
96(1)
Social Comparison Approach
97(1)
Minimal Clinical Important Difference
97(1)
Responsiveness
98(1)
Interpretability
98(1)
Floor and Ceiling Effects
98(5)
Section 2 Establishing Cause and Effect 103(58)
5 Experimental Research
104(26)
The Basic Experimental Design
106(1)
Internal Validity Of Research
107(6)
Threats
107(6)
Selection Bias
107(1)
History
108(1)
Maturation
108(1)
Regression
109(1)
Attrition
109(1)
Testing Effects
110(1)
Instrumentation
111(1)
Threat Combinations
111(1)
Expectancy
112(1)
Elements Of Control
113(1)
Control Group
113(1)
Random Assignment
113(1)
Research Designs
114(7)
Pre-experimental Research Designs
114(2)
True Experimental Designs
116(2)
Crossover Designs
118(1)
Quasi-experimental Designs
118(4)
Nonequivalent Control Group Design
119(1)
Interrupted Time-Series Design
119(1)
Single-Subject Designs
120(1)
Construct Validity
121(1)
External Validity Of Research
122(3)
Targets of Generalization
124(1)
Narrow to Broad
124(1)
Broad to Narrow
124(1)
At a Similar Level
124(1)
Similar or Different Kind
125(1)
Random Sample to Population
125(1)
Threats to External Validity
125(1)
Tradeoffs Between Internal And External Validity
125(1)
Links Among Internal, Construct, And External Validity
126(4)
6 Clinical (Therapeutic) Trials
130(31)
Efficacy Versus Effectiveness
133(1)
Types Of Questions
133(3)
Primary Questions
133(1)
Secondary Questions
134(1)
Ancillary Questions
135(1)
Natural History
135(1)
Adverse Effects
136(1)
Study Designs
136(15)
Randomized Controlled Trial
136(8)
Treatment Arm Types
137(3)
Randomization
140(2)
Blinding
142(2)
Nonrandomized Concurrent Control
144(1)
Historical Control Designs
144(2)
Crossover Designs
146(1)
Withdrawal Designs
146(1)
Factorial Designs
147(1)
Group Allocation Designs
148(2)
Equivalency Designs
150(1)
Phased Clinical Trials
151(2)
Phase I
151(1)
Phase II
151(1)
Phase III
152(1)
Phase IV
152(1)
Population Selection
153(1)
Intent-To-Treat Analysis
154(2)
Number Needed To Treat
156(1)
Assessment Of Treatment Harm
157(4)
Section 3 Other Methods in Clinical Research 161(52)
7 Diagnostic Statistics
162(28)
Scott E. Ros
Diagnostic Statistics For Accuracy
164(12)
Sensitivity and Specificity
164(3)
True-Positive, True-Negative, False-Positive, and False-Negative Results
167(1)
Clinical Diagnostic Usefulness for Sensitivity and Specificity
167(2)
Positive Predictive Value and Negative Predictive Value
169(1)
Relationship Between Prevalence and Predictive Values
170(3)
Positive Likelihood Ratio and Negative Likelihood Ratio
173(3)
Example Of Diagnostic Accuracy Statistics
176(3)
Receiver Operating Characteristic Curves
179(13)
Optimal Cutoff Score on a Receiver Operating Characteristic Curve
180(3)
Area Under the Curve
183(2)
Decision-Making With Diagnostic Statistics
185(5)
8 Epidemiological Methods in Sport and Exercise Science
190(23)
Gregory W. Heath
Epidemiological Methods
192(2)
Epidemiological Measures
194(5)
Disease or Injury Occurrence
194(1)
Variation in Occurrence of Disease or Injury
195(1)
Epidemiological Measures of Prevention
196(3)
Study Designs In Epidemiological Research
199(5)
Cross-Sectional Study
199(1)
Case-Control Study
200(1)
Prospective Cohort Study
201(2)
Randomized Clinical Trial or Randomized Controlled Trial
203(1)
Assessment Of Causality
204(4)
Strength of Association
205(1)
Consistency of Association
205(1)
Specificity of Association
205(1)
Temporality
206(1)
Biological Gradient or Dose Response
206(1)
Plausibility
206(1)
Coherence
207(1)
Experimental Evidence
207(1)
Epidemiological Decision-Making
208(8)
Meta-analysis
208(1)
Expert Reviewers
208(5)
Section 4 Synthesizing and Evaluating Research 213(57)
9 Research Synthesis
214(34)
Primary Study Versus Secondary Study
216(1)
Narrative Review
216(6)
Historical Review
217(1)
Expert Review
218(1)
Bias in Narrative Reviews
218(4)
Systematic Reviews
222(13)
Methods of Searching for and Assessing Data
222(9)
Hypothesis
222(1)
Included Study Populations and Reporting of Subject Characteristics
223(1)
Identified Outcomes and Study Designs
224(1)
Detailed Search Strategy
224(2)
Inclusion and Exclusion Criteria
226(2)
Assessment of Primary Study Quality
228(1)
Data Extraction
228(3)
Process of Synthesizing Data
231(4)
Effect Sizes
231(2)
Forest Plot
233(2)
Meta-Analysis
235(13)
Overall Effect Sizes
235(2)
Fixed Versus Random Effects
237(1)
Bias in Meta-analysis
238(4)
Measures of Bias
238(4)
Subgroup Assessment
242(1)
Methodological Quality Assessment in Meta-Analysis
242(2)
Sensitivity Analysis
244(4)
10 Evaluating Research Quality
248(22)
Christopher R. Harnish
Research And The Scientific Method
250(4)
Science: Method Not Madness
250(1)
Not All Questions Are Good
251(1)
Hypotheses Are Tested, Not Proven
252(1)
Methodology: How You Did It Matters
253(1)
What Is A Result Worth?
254(1)
Discussions: Do Not Let Results Get Lost In The Interpretation
255(1)
Evidence-Based Medicine
255(25)
Weighing in the Evidence
258(1)
Centre for Evidence-Based Medicine
259(1)
Cochrane Reviews
260(1)
Consolidated Standards of Reporting Trials
260(1)
Meta-Analysis of Observational Studies in Epidemiology
261(1)
Physiotherapy Evidence Database
263(1)
Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses
264(1)
Strength of Recommendation Taxonomy
265(5)
Appendices
A Selected Journals
270(6)
Athletic Training
270(1)
Biomechanics And Kinesiology
270(1)
Exercise Science
270(1)
Medical And General Science
271(1)
Nutrition
272(1)
Orthopedics
272(1)
Physical Therapy
272(1)
Physiology
272(1)
Psychology
273(1)
Public Health
273(1)
Rehabilitation
273(1)
Sports Medicine
273(3)
B Professional Organization Research-Based Stands and Statements
276(4)
American College Of Sports Medicine Position Stands
276(1)
National Athletic Trainers' Association Position Statements
277(1)
National Athletic Trainers' Association Consensus Statements
278(2)
C The Disablement Continuum
280(11)
The Disablement Continuum
280(7)
The National Center for Medical Rehabilitation Research Model
281(3)
Pathophysiology
281(1)
Impairment
282(1)
Functional Limitations
282(1)
Disability
283(1)
Societal Limitations
284(1)
The Updated National Center for Medical Rehabilitation Research Model
284(1)
The World Health Organization Model
285(1)
Institute of Medicine Model
285(2)
Selecting A Disablement Model
287(4)
Extending the Model to Human Performance
287(4)
Glossary 291(16)
Index 307