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E-grāmata: Evolution and Function of Biological Macrostructures

  • Formāts: PDF+DRM
  • Izdošanas datums: 02-Aug-2019
  • Izdevniecība: Springer-Verlag Berlin and Heidelberg GmbH & Co. K
  • Valoda: eng
  • ISBN-13: 9783662592915
  • Formāts - PDF+DRM
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  • Formāts: PDF+DRM
  • Izdošanas datums: 02-Aug-2019
  • Izdevniecība: Springer-Verlag Berlin and Heidelberg GmbH & Co. K
  • Valoda: eng
  • ISBN-13: 9783662592915

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With spectacular large-format images complemented by scientifically grounded, yet easy-to-read, explanatory texts, Georg Glaeser and Werner Nachtigall take you on an exciting journey through the fascinating world of macrostructures – small structures in nature that fulfill specific functions. This book will pique your curiosity about a secret world known only to a few by presenting an impressive range of evolutionary mechanisms, from shrimps’ “tail flips” to the adhesive pads of gecko setae and the implementation of biological structures in the field of bionics. 

The book can be read in any fashion you please – the cross-references make it easy to jump across the sections, which are largely self-contained and discuss various highlights of the evolutionary process.


Chapter 1 Shape, Movement, Lever
1(36)
Morphological structures
2(2)
Flexible shells and levers
4(2)
Spiral twisting
6(2)
Protected as a ball
8(2)
Ants in interaction
10(2)
Stiffening under internal pressure
12(2)
Distending and extending apparatuses
14(2)
Extendable stalks
16(2)
Seeing in the macro world
18(2)
Hydraulics in spider legs
20(2)
Active and passive growth
22(2)
Hinge joints and ball-and-socket joints
24(2)
Leg-flexing
26(2)
Kinematic chains
28(2)
Sling jaw
30(2)
Click mechanism and stings
32(2)
The joint system of insect antennae
34(3)
Chapter 2 Sticking, Filtering, Drilling Coupling structures
37(26)
Adhesion apparatuses
38(2)
Sticky spider webs
40(1)
Sticky sundew droplets
41(1)
Coupling mechanisms
42(2)
Predetermined breaking points
44(2)
Digging shovels
46(2)
"Sand shoes"
48(2)
Brushes
50(2)
Pollen-gathering with abdomen and legs
52(1)
Pollen-gathering with pollen baskets
53(1)
Dust filters and sealing strips
54(2)
Traps and filters
56(2)
Earth drillers
58(2)
Mobile ovipositors and stingers
60(3)
Chapter 3 Gripping, Stretching, Folding Gripping, stowing, and storing food
63(20)
Gripping devices
64(2)
Pincers
66(2)
Injection syringes and cannulas
68(2)
Apparatuses for gripping and scraping
70(2)
Barb systems
72(2)
Springs and bolts
74(2)
Stretching space
76(2)
Membrane constructions
78(2)
Folding mechanisms
80(3)
Chapter 4 Signalling, Swimming, Flying, Exploding Fluids are similar in principle
83(28)
Light organs and signal flags
84(2)
Surface tension (1)
86(2)
Surface tension (2)
88(2)
Flow adaptation
90(2)
The swiftest predators under water
92(2)
Propulsion apparatuses
94(2)
Swimming with paddle fins
96(2)
Parachutes and gliders
98(2)
Wing cascades and slats
100(2)
Explosion mechanisms
102(2)
Powder dispensers
104(2)
Cocoons
106(2)
Hanging by a thread
108(3)
Chapter 5 Storage, Constructions, Building materials Cellulose, chitin, and limestone as building materials
111(20)
Botanical traps for animals
112(2)
Water reservoirs
114(1)
Clay constructions
115(1)
Protective shells
116(2)
Chitin as a building material
118(2)
Stockwork and frame constructions
120(1)
Bone constructions (1)
121(1)
Bone constructions (2)
122(2)
Lightweight constructions in the plant world
124(2)
Above-ground constructions in the plant world
126(2)
Flutter stability and tensile strength
128(3)
Chapter 6 Packaging, Primordia, Unfolding Mechanisms Space-optimised stacking
131(20)
Packaging
132(2)
Casing of mericarp fruits and seeds
134(2)
Casing (2)
136(2)
Unfolding mechanisms
138(2)
Pre-fabricated structures
140(1)
Pollination mechanisms (1)
141(1)
Pollination mechanisms (2)
142(2)
Environmental sensors
144(2)
Antennae
146(2)
Dragonflies -- world champion maneuverers
148(3)
Chapter 7 Brave New World Technical biology and bionics
151(13)
The lateral torsional buckling in Strelitzia blossom
152(1)
The anteater's claw
153(1)
The pectoral fins of large rays
154(2)
Fin edges and the kickback principle
156(2)
Superhydrophobia ...
158(1)
... and the Salvinia Paradox
159(1)
Corrosion-resistant sandfish scales
160(1)
The famous lotus effect
161(1)
The elephant's trunk
162(1)
...and a cutting-edge technical gripper arm
163(1)
Remarks on the pictures of the chapter headings 164(1)
Select literature 165(1)
Index 166
Georg Glaeser is a Professor of Mathematics and Geometry at the University of Applied Arts Vienna. He is also a passionate wildlife photographer.





 Werner Nachtigall was, until his retirement, Director of the Institute of Zoology at Saarland University. He has conducted extensive research e.g. in the field of physiology and biomechanics.