Introduction A View of the Past: Exercise Physiology: Roots and Historical Perspectives |
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xv | |
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PART ONE EXERCISE PHYSIOLOGY |
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1 | (2) |
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SECTION 1 Nutrition: The Base for Human Performance |
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3 | (102) |
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Chapter 1 Carbohydrates, Lipids, and Proteins |
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7 | (34) |
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8 | (1) |
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Kinds and Sources of Carbohydrates |
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8 | (6) |
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Recommended Intake of Carbohydrates |
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14 | (1) |
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Role of Carbohydrates in The Body |
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14 | (1) |
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Carbohydrate Dynamics During Physical Activity |
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15 | (3) |
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18 | (1) |
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18 | (1) |
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Kinds and Sources of Lipids |
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18 | (7) |
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25 | (1) |
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Role of Lipid in The Body |
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26 | (1) |
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Fat Dynamics During Physical Activity |
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27 | (3) |
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30 | (1) |
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30 | (1) |
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30 | (2) |
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Recommended Protein Intake |
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32 | (1) |
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Proteins Role in The Body |
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33 | (1) |
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Dynamics of Protein Metabolism |
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33 | (3) |
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36 | (1) |
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Protein Dynamics During Physical Activity |
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37 | (4) |
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Chapter 2 Vitamins, Minerals, and Water |
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41 | (38) |
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42 | (1) |
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42 | (1) |
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42 | (1) |
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42 | (1) |
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43 | (6) |
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Physical Activity, Free Radicals, and Antioxidants |
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49 | (2) |
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Does Vitamin Supplementation Provide a Competitive Edge? |
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51 | (2) |
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53 | (1) |
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53 | (1) |
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Role of Minerals in The Body |
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53 | (4) |
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57 | (4) |
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The Female Athlete Triad: An Unexpected Problem for Women Who Train Intensely |
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61 | (2) |
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63 | (1) |
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63 | (1) |
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64 | (3) |
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Sodium, Potassium, and Chlorine |
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67 | (1) |
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Minerals and Exercise Performance |
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68 | (4) |
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72 | (1) |
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72 | (2) |
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Water Balance: Intake Versus Output |
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74 | (1) |
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Water Requirement in Physical Activity |
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75 | (4) |
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Chapter 3 Optimal Nutrition for Physical Activity |
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79 | (26) |
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Nutrient Intake Among the Physically Active |
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80 | (5) |
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The Essentials of Good Nutrition |
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85 | (1) |
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Myplate: The Healthy Eating Guide |
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85 | (2) |
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Physical Activity and Food Intake |
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87 | (5) |
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92 | (2) |
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Carbohydrate Feedings Prior To, During, and in Recovery from Physical Activity |
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94 | (5) |
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Glucose Feedings, Electrolytes, and Water Uptake |
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99 | (6) |
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SECTION 2 Energy for Physical Activity |
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105 | (144) |
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Chapter 4 Energy Value of Food |
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109 | (8) |
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Measurement of Food Energy |
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110 | (7) |
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Chapter 5 Introduction to Energy Transfer |
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117 | (16) |
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Energy--The Capacity for Work |
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118 | (2) |
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Interconversions of Energy |
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120 | (1) |
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121 | (3) |
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Enzymes and Coenzymes Alter the Rate of Energy Release |
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124 | (2) |
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Hydrolysis and Condensation: The Basis for Digestion and Synthesis |
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126 | (7) |
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Chapter 6 Energy Transfer in the Body |
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133 | (28) |
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Part 1 Phosphate Bond Energy |
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134 | (1) |
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Adenosine Triphosphate: The Energy Currency |
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134 | (2) |
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Phosphocreatine: The Energy Reservoir |
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136 | (1) |
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137 | (3) |
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Oxygen's Role in Energy Metabolism |
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140 | (1) |
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Part 2 Energy Release From Macronutrients |
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141 | (1) |
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Energy Release from Carbohydrate |
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141 | (9) |
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150 | (6) |
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Energy Release from Protein |
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156 | (1) |
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The Metabolic Mill: Interrelationships Among Carbohydrate, Fat, and Protein Metabolism |
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156 | (5) |
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Chapter 7 Energy Transfer During Physical Activity |
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161 | (16) |
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Immediate Energy: The ATP--PCr System |
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162 | (1) |
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Short-Term Glycolytic (Lactate-Forming) Energy System |
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162 | (1) |
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Long-Term Energy: The Aerobic System |
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163 | (4) |
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Energy Spectrum of Physical Activity |
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167 | (1) |
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Oxygen Consumption During Recovery |
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168 | (9) |
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Chapter 8 Measurement of Human Energy Expenditure |
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177 | (14) |
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Measuring The Body's Heat Production |
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178 | (6) |
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Doubly Labeled Water Technique |
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184 | (1) |
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185 | (4) |
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Respiratory Exchange Ratio (RER) |
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189 | (2) |
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Chapter 9 Human Energy Expenditure During Rest and Physical Activity |
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191 | (14) |
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Part 1 Energy Expenditure At Rest |
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192 | (1) |
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Basal and Resting Metabolic Rate |
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192 | (1) |
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192 | (1) |
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Metabolic Rates of Humans: Age and Gender Comparisons |
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193 | (3) |
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Five Factors That Affect Total Daily Energy Expenditure |
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196 | (3) |
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Part 2 Energy Expenditure During Physical Activity |
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199 | (1) |
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Classification of Physical Activities by Energy Expenditure |
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199 | (1) |
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200 | (1) |
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Daily Rates of Average Energy Expenditure |
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200 | (2) |
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Energy Cost of Household, Industrial, and Recreational Activities |
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202 | (1) |
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Heart Rate to Estimate Energy Expenditure |
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202 | (3) |
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Chapter 10 Energy Expenditure During Walking, Jogging, Running, and Swimming |
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205 | (22) |
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Gross Versus Net Energy Expenditure |
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206 | (1) |
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Economy of Human Movement |
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206 | (2) |
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Energy Expenditure During Walking |
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208 | (4) |
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Energy Expenditure During Running |
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212 | (8) |
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220 | (7) |
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Chapter 11 Individual Differences and Measurement of Energy Capacities |
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227 | (22) |
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Specificity Versus Generality of Metabolic Capacity and Exercise Performance |
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228 | (1) |
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Overview of Energy-Transfer Capacity During Exercise |
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228 | (1) |
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Anaerobic Energy Transfer: The Immediate and Short-Term Energy Systems |
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228 | (8) |
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Aerobic Energy: The Long-Term Energy System |
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236 | (13) |
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SECTION 3 Aerobic Systems of Energy Delivery and Utilization |
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249 | (206) |
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Chapter 12 Pulmonary Structure and Function |
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253 | (16) |
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Surface Area and Gas Exchange |
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254 | (1) |
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254 | (1) |
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255 | (3) |
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Lung Volumes and Capacities |
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258 | (3) |
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Lung Function, Aerobic Fitness, and Physical Performance |
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261 | (1) |
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261 | (4) |
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Variations From Normal Breathing Patterns |
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265 | (2) |
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The Respiratory Tract During Cold-Weather Physical Activity |
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267 | (2) |
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Chapter 13 Gas Exchange and Transport |
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269 | (16) |
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Part 1 Gaseous Exchange In The Lungs And Tissues |
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270 | (1) |
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Concentrations and Partial Pressures of Respired Gases |
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270 | (1) |
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Gas Movement in Air and Fluids |
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271 | (1) |
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Gas Exchange in The Lungs and Tissues |
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272 | (3) |
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275 | (1) |
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Oxygen Transport in Blood |
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275 | (7) |
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Part 3 Carbon Dioxide Transport |
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282 | (1) |
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Carbon Dioxide Transport in The Blood |
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282 | (3) |
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Chapter 14 Dynamics of Pulmonary Ventilation |
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285 | (18) |
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Part 1 Regulation Of Pulmonary Ventilation |
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286 | (1) |
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286 | (2) |
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Regulation of Ventilation During Physical Activity |
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288 | (2) |
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Part 2 Pulmonary Ventilation During Physical Activity |
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290 | (1) |
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Ventilation and Energy Demands During Physical Activity |
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290 | (5) |
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295 | (1) |
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Does Ventilation Limit Aerobic Power and Endurance Performance? |
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296 | (2) |
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Part 3 Acid-Base Regulation |
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298 | (1) |
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298 | (2) |
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300 | (1) |
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Effects of Intense Physical Activity |
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301 | (2) |
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Chapter 15 The Cardiovascular System |
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303 | (22) |
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Cardiovascular System Components |
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304 | (11) |
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315 | (3) |
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Blood Pressure Response to Physical Activity |
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318 | (2) |
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320 | (2) |
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322 | (3) |
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Chapter 16 Cardiovascular Regulation and Integration |
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325 | (16) |
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Intrinsic Regulation of Heart Rate |
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326 | (1) |
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Extrinsic Regulation of Heart Rate and Circulation |
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327 | (6) |
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333 | (3) |
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Integrative Response During Physical Activity |
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336 | (1) |
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Physical Activity After Cardiac Transplantation |
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337 | (4) |
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Chapter 17 Functional Capacity of the Cardiovascular System |
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341 | (14) |
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342 | (1) |
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343 | (1) |
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Cardiac Output During Physical Activity |
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344 | (3) |
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Cardiac Output Distribution |
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347 | (1) |
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Cardiac Output and Oxygen Transport |
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348 | (4) |
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Cardiovascular Adjustments to Upper-Body Exercise |
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352 | (3) |
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Chapter 18 Skeletal Muscle: Structure and Function |
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355 | (28) |
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Gross Structure of Skeletal Muscle |
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356 | (4) |
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Skeletal Muscle Ultrastructure |
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360 | (2) |
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362 | (4) |
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Actin--Myosin Orientation |
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366 | (1) |
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Chemical and Mechanical Events During Muscle Action and Relaxation |
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367 | (7) |
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374 | (5) |
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Genes That Define Skeletal Muscle Phenotype |
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379 | (1) |
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Fiber Type Differences Among Athletic Groups |
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379 | (4) |
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Chapter 19 Neural Control of Human Movement |
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383 | (24) |
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Neuromotor System Organization |
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384 | (7) |
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391 | (5) |
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Motor Unit Functional Characteristics |
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396 | (4) |
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Receptors in Muscles, Joints, and Tendons: The Proprioceptors |
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400 | (7) |
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Chapter 20 The Endocrine System: Organization and Acute and Chronic Responses to Physical Activity |
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407 | (48) |
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Endocrine System Overview |
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408 | (1) |
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Endocrine System Organization |
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408 | (6) |
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Resting and Exercise-Induced Endocrine Secretions |
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414 | (11) |
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425 | (15) |
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Exercise Training and Endocrine Function |
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440 | (5) |
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Resistance Training and Endocrine Function |
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445 | (2) |
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Opioid Peptides and Physical Activity |
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447 | (2) |
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Physical Activity, Infectious Illness, Cancer, and Immune Response |
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449 | (6) |
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PART TWO APPLIED EXERCISE PHYSIOLOGY |
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455 | (2) |
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SECTION 4 Enhancement of Energy Transfer Capacity |
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457 | (136) |
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Chapter 21 Training for Anaerobic and Aerobic Power |
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461 | (38) |
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Exercise Training Principles |
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462 | (2) |
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How Exercise Training Impacts the Anaerobic System |
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464 | (1) |
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Anaerobic System Changes with Training |
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464 | (1) |
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How Training Impacts the Aerobic System |
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464 | (13) |
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Factors That Affect Aerobic Training Responses |
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477 | (7) |
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How Long Before Improvements Occur? |
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484 | (1) |
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Maintaining Gains in Aerobic Fitness |
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485 | (1) |
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486 | (4) |
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Overtraining: Too Much of a Good Thing |
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490 | (1) |
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Physical Activity During Pregnancy |
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491 | (8) |
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Chapter 22 Muscular Strength: Training Muscles to Become Stronger |
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499 | (44) |
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Part 1 Strength Measurement And Resistance Training |
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500 | (2) |
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Objectives of Resistance Training |
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502 | (1) |
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Measurement of Muscle Strength |
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502 | (4) |
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Gender Differences in Muscle Strength |
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506 | (3) |
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Training Muscles to Become Stronger |
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509 | (19) |
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Part 2 Structural And Functional Adaptations To Resistance Training |
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528 | (1) |
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Factors That Modify the Expression of Human Strength |
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528 | (7) |
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Comparative Training Responses in Men and Women |
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535 | (1) |
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Detraining Effects on Muscle |
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536 | (1) |
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Metabolic Stress of Resistance Training |
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537 | (1) |
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Circuit Resistance Training |
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537 | (1) |
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Muscle Soreness and Stiffness |
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538 | (5) |
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Chapter 23 Special Aids to Exercise Training and Performances |
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543 | (50) |
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An Increasing Challenge To Fair Competition |
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544 | (4) |
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548 | (45) |
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Part 1 Pharmacologic Agents For Ergogenic Effects |
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548 | (23) |
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Part 2 Nonpharmacologic Approaches For Ergogenic Effects |
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571 | (22) |
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SECTION 5 Exercise Performance and Environmental Stress |
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593 | (134) |
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Chapter 24 Physical Activity at Medium and High Altitude |
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597 | (18) |
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598 | (2) |
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600 | (8) |
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Metabolic, Physiologic, and Exercise Capacities at Altitude |
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608 | (2) |
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Altitude Training and Sea-Level Performance |
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610 | (1) |
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Combine Altitude Stay With Low-Altitude Training |
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611 | (4) |
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Chapter 25 Exercise and Thermal Stress |
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615 | (28) |
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Part 1 Mechanisms Of Thermoregulation |
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616 | (1) |
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616 | (1) |
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Hypothalamic Temperature Regulation |
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617 | (1) |
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Thermoregulation in Cold Stress: Heat Conservation and Heat Production |
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617 | (1) |
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Thermoregulation in Heat Stress: Heat Loss |
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618 | (3) |
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Effects of Clothing on Thermoregulation |
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621 | (5) |
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Part 2 Thermoregulation And Environmental Heat Stress During Physical Activity |
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626 | (1) |
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Physical Activity in The Heat |
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626 | (4) |
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Maintaining Fluid Balance: Rehydration and Hyperhydration |
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630 | (2) |
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Factors That Modify Heat Tolerance |
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632 | (3) |
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Complications From Excessive Heat Stress |
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635 | (2) |
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Part 3 Thermoregulation And Environmental Cold Stress During Physical Activity |
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637 | (1) |
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Physical Activity in the Cold |
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637 | (2) |
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639 | (1) |
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640 | (3) |
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643 | (30) |
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Diving History--Antiquity to the Present |
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644 | (8) |
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Pressure--Volume Relationships and Diving Depth |
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652 | (1) |
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Snorkeling and Breath-Hold Diving |
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653 | (6) |
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659 | (2) |
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Special Problems with Breathing Gases at High Pressures |
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661 | (6) |
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Dives to Exceptional Depths: Mixed-Gas Diving |
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667 | (3) |
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Energy Cost of Underwater Swimming |
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670 | (3) |
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Chapter 27 Microgravity: The Last Frontier |
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673 | (54) |
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The Weightless Environment |
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674 | (6) |
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Historical Overview of Aerospace Physiology and Medicine |
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680 | (3) |
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683 | (3) |
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Medical Evaluation for Astronaut Selection |
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686 | (3) |
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689 | (13) |
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Countermeasure Strategies |
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702 | (12) |
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Overview of Physiologic Responses to Spaceflight |
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714 | (1) |
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Nasa's New Vision for the Future of Space Exploration |
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715 | (5) |
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Practical Benefits from Space Biology Research |
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720 | (2) |
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722 | (5) |
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SECTION 6 Body Composition, Energy Balance, and Weight Control |
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727 | (108) |
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Chapter 28 Body Composition Assessment |
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731 | (34) |
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Overweight, Overfatness, and Obesity: No Unanimity for Terminology |
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732 | (1) |
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The Body Mass Index: A Popular Clinical Standard |
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733 | (276) |
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Composition of The Human Body |
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738 | (4) |
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Common Techniques to Assess Body Composition |
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742 | (19) |
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Average Percentage Body Fat |
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761 | (1) |
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Determining Goal Body Weight |
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762 | (3) |
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Chapter 29 Physique, Performance, and Physical Activity |
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765 | (22) |
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Physiques of Champion Athletes |
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766 | (18) |
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Upper Limit for Fat-Free Body Mass |
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784 | (3) |
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Chapter 30 Overweight, Overfatness (Obesity), and Weight Control |
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787 | (48) |
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788 | (1) |
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788 | (1) |
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Obesity Remains a Worldwide Epidemic |
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788 | (4) |
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Increased Body Fat: A Progressive Long-Term Process |
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792 | (1) |
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Genetics Influences Body Fat Accumulation |
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793 | (3) |
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Physical Inactivity: A Crucial Component in Excessive Fat Accumulation |
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796 | (1) |
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Health Risks of Excessive Body Fat |
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797 | (4) |
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Criteria for Excessive Body Fat: How Fat Is Too Fat? |
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801 | (7) |
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Part 2 Principles Of Weight Control: Diet And Physical Activity |
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808 | (1) |
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Energy Balance: Input Versus Output |
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808 | (1) |
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Dieting for Weight Control |
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809 | (10) |
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Factors That Affect Weight Loss |
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819 | (1) |
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Increased Physical Activity for Weight Control |
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820 | (3) |
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Effectiveness of Regular Physical Activity |
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823 | (7) |
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Weight Loss Recommendations for Wrestlers and Other Power Athletes |
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830 | (1) |
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Gaining Weight: The Competitive Athlete's Dilemma |
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830 | (5) |
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SECTION 7 Exercise, Successful Aging, and Disease Prevention |
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835 | (90) |
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Chapter 31 Physical Activity, Health, and Aging |
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839 | (38) |
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840 | (1) |
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840 | (2) |
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Part 1 Physical Activity In The Population |
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842 | (1) |
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Physical Activity Epidemiology |
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842 | (6) |
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Part 2 Aging And Physiologic Function |
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848 | (1) |
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848 | (10) |
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858 | (1) |
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Part 3 Physical Activity, Health, And Longevity |
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859 | (1) |
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Physical Activity, Health, and Longevity |
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859 | (1) |
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Regular Moderate Physical Activity Provides Significant Benefits |
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860 | (2) |
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Part 4 Coronary Heart Disease |
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862 | (1) |
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Changes on the Cellular Level |
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862 | (2) |
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Coronary Heart Disease Risk Factors |
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864 | (13) |
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Chapter 32 Clinical Exercise Physiology for Cancer, Cardiovascular, and Pulmonary Rehabilitation |
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877 | (48) |
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The Exercise Physiologist in the Clinical Setting |
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878 | (2) |
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Training and Certification Programs for Professional Exercise Physiologists |
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880 | (1) |
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Clinical Applications of Exercise Physiology to Diverse Diseases and Disorders |
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880 | (1) |
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880 | (4) |
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884 | (8) |
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Assessing Cardiac Disease |
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892 | (9) |
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901 | (1) |
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Prescribing Physical Activity and Exercise |
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902 | (5) |
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907 | (1) |
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908 | (8) |
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Physical Activity and Asthma |
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916 | (3) |
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Neuromuscular Diseases, Disabilities, and Disorders |
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919 | (1) |
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920 | (1) |
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Cognitive/Emotional Diseases and Disorders |
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921 | (4) |
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925 | (84) |
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Chapter 33 Molecular Biology: A New Vista for Exercise Physiology |
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929 | (80) |
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Historical Tour of Molecular Biology |
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931 | (3) |
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Revolution in the Biologic Sciences |
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934 | (2) |
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936 | (2) |
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938 | (9) |
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947 | (3) |
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Protein Synthesis: Transcription and Translation |
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950 | (18) |
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968 | (10) |
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New Horizons in Molecular Biology |
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978 | (24) |
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Human Performance Research |
|
|
1002 | (4) |
|
|
1006 | (3) |
Index |
|
1009 | |