Part I: Skull and Brain |
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Anatomically Based Differentials |
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4 | (2) |
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6 | (4) |
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10 | (2) |
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Congenital Anomalies of Skull Base |
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12 | (6) |
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18 | (2) |
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20 | (4) |
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24 | (2) |
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26 | (2) |
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28 | (2) |
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Lytic Skull Lesion, Solitary |
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30 | (4) |
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Multiple Lucent Skull Lesions |
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34 | (4) |
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Sclerotic Skull Lesion, Solitary |
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38 | (4) |
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Sclerotic Skull Lesions, Multiple |
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42 | (2) |
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Clinically Based Differentials |
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44 | (6) |
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50 | (8) |
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Anatomically Based Differentials |
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58 | (2) |
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Dural-Based Mass, Solitary |
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60 | (4) |
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Dural-Based Masses, Multiple |
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64 | (4) |
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68 | (2) |
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Thick Dura/Arachnoid, Generalized |
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70 | (2) |
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72 | (4) |
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76 | (4) |
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Section 3: Ventricles, Periventricular Regions |
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Anatomically Based Differentials |
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Ventricles, Normal Variants |
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80 | (4) |
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Choroid Plexus Lesions, Child |
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84 | (2) |
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Choroid Plexus Lesions, Adult |
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86 | (2) |
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Ependymal/Subependymal Lesions |
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88 | (6) |
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94 | (4) |
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98 | (2) |
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100 | (4) |
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3rd Ventricle Mass, Anterior |
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104 | (4) |
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3rd Ventricle Mass, Body/Posterior |
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108 | (2) |
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Cerebral Aqueduct/Periaqueductal Lesion |
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110 | (6) |
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4th Ventricle Mass, Child |
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116 | (4) |
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4th Ventricle Mass, Adult |
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120 | (2) |
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Bubbly Appearing Intraventricular Mass |
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122 | (4) |
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126 | (4) |
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130 | (4) |
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134 | (2) |
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Asymmetric Lateral Ventricles |
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136 | (4) |
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Irregular Lateral Ventricles |
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140 | |
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Periventricular Enhancing Lesions |
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14 | (134) |
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Modality-Specific Imaging Findings |
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Intraventricular Calcification(s) |
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148 | (4) |
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Periventricular Calcification(s) |
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152 | (4) |
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Periventricular T2/FLAIR Hyperintense Lesions |
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156 | (6) |
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Section 4: Extraaxial Spaces And Subarachnoid Cisterns |
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Anatomically Based Differentials |
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Cistern, Subarachnoid Space Normal Variants |
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162 | (2) |
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164 | (4) |
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Enlarged Sulci, Generalized |
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168 | (4) |
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Effaced Sulci, Generalized |
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172 | (3) |
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Interhemispheric Fissure Cysts |
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175 | |
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170 | (14) |
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184 | (4) |
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188 | (6) |
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Ventral Foramen Magnum Mass |
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194 | (4) |
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Dorsal Foramen Magnum Mass |
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198 | (4) |
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Solitary Enhancing Cranial Nerve |
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202 | (2) |
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Multiple Enhancing Cranial Nerves |
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204 | (4) |
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CSF-Like Extraaxial Fluid Collection |
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208 | (2) |
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Convexal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage |
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210 | (4) |
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214 | (2) |
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Sulcal/Cisternal Enhancement |
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216 | (4) |
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Fat in Sulci/Cisterns/Ventricles |
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220 | (2) |
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222 | (2) |
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Modality-Specific Imaging Findings |
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224 | (2) |
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226 | (2) |
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228 | (4) |
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T2 Hypointense Extraaxial Lesions |
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232 | (4) |
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236 | (2) |
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Hyperdense Extraaxial Mass(es) |
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238 | (2) |
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Hypodense Extraaxial Mass(es) |
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240 | (6) |
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Section 5: Brain Parenchyma, General |
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Multiple Enhancing Lesions, General |
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246 | (4) |
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Ring-Enhancing Lesion, Solitary |
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250 | (6) |
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Ring-Enhancing Lesion, Multiple |
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256 | (4) |
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Solitary Cystic Parenchymal Mass, General |
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260 | (6) |
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CSF-Like Parenchymal Lesion(s) |
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266 | (6) |
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272 | (4) |
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Fat and Fat-Like Lesion(s) |
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276 | (2) |
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Modality-Specific Imaging Findings |
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Solitary Parenchymal Calcification |
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278 | (4) |
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Multiple Parenchymal Calcifications |
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282 | (4) |
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Solitary Hyperdense Parenchymal Lesion |
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286 | (6) |
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Multiple Hyperdense Parenchymal Lesions |
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292 | (6) |
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Solitary Hypodense Parenchymal Lesion |
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298 | (5) |
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Multiple Hypodense Parenchymal Lesions |
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303 | (3) |
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Multiple Brain Hyperintensities (T2/FLAIR), Common |
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306 | (6) |
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Multiple Brain Hyperintensities (T2/FLAIR), Less Common |
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312 | (6) |
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Multiple Brain Hyperintensities (T2/FLAIR), Rare but Important |
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318 | (6) |
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Multiple Hypointense Foci on T2 |
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324 | (2) |
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Multiple Hypointense Foci on GRE/SWI |
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326 | (4) |
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T1/12 Hyperintense Parenchymal Lesions |
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330 | (4) |
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T1 Hypointense, T2 Hyperintense Parenchymal Lesions |
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334 | (4) |
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T1/12 Isointense Parenchymal Lesions |
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338 | (4) |
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Restricted Diffusion, General |
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342 | (6) |
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Restricted Diffusion, Cortex |
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348 | (2) |
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Restricted Diffusion, Basal Ganglia |
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350 | (4) |
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T1 Hyperintense Parenchymal Lesion(s) |
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354 | (4) |
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Clinically Based Differentials |
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Brain Tumor in Newborn/Infant |
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358 | (6) |
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Brain Tumor in Child > 1 Year |
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364 | (6) |
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370 | (6) |
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376 | (4) |
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Section 6: Supratentorial Brain Parenchyma |
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Anatomically Based Differentials |
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Asymmetric Cerebral Hemispheres |
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380 | (6) |
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386 | (4) |
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390 | (6) |
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396 | (6) |
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Cortical Hyperintensity T2/FLAIR |
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402 | (4) |
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406 | (2) |
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Solitary White Matter Lesion |
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408 | (4) |
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Confluent White Matter Lesions |
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412 | (6) |
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418 | (6) |
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Abnormal Shape/Configuration of Corpus Callosum |
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424 | (6) |
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430 | (2) |
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Corpus Callosum Lesion Without Mass Effect |
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432 | (2) |
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434 | (2) |
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Corpus Callosum Splenium Lesion |
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436 | (4) |
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Medial Temporal Lobe Lesion |
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440 | (6) |
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446 | (4) |
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Basal Ganglia Calcification |
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450 | (4) |
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454 | (2) |
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456 | (4) |
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T1 Hyperintense Basal Ganglia |
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460 | (4) |
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T2 Hyperintense Basal Ganglia |
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464 | (4184) |
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Enlarged Perivascular Spaces |
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4648 | |
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Perivascular Space Enhancing Lesions |
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470 | (4) |
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Bilateral Basal Ganglia Lesions |
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474 | (4) |
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478 | (2) |
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Globus Pallidus Lesion(s) |
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480 | (4) |
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Unilateral Thalamic Lesion |
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484 | (4362) |
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4846 | |
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490 | (2) |
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Tectal (Quadrigeminal Plate) Lesion |
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492 | (4) |
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Section 7: Infratentorial Brain Parenchyma |
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Anatomically Based Differentials |
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496 | (2) |
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498 | (2) |
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T2 Hyperintense Brainstem, Focal |
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500 | (2) |
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T2 Hyperintense Brainstem, Diffuse |
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502 | (2) |
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504 | (4) |
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508 | (6) |
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514 | (4) |
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Middle Cerebellar Peduncle Lesion(s) |
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518 | (4) |
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522 | (4) |
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Cerebellar Hemisphere Mass |
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526 | (6) |
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532 | (4) |
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536 | (2) |
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Cystic-Appearing Posterior Fossa Lesion |
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538 | (6) |
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Clinically Based Differentials |
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Posterior Fossa Neoplasm, Adult |
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544 | (4) |
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Posterior Fossa Neoplasm, Pediatric |
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548 | (8) |
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Section 8: Sella/Juxtasellar, Pineal Region |
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Anatomically Based Differentials |
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Pineal Region Mass, General |
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556 | (4) |
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560 | (2) |
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Quadrigeminal Cistern Mass |
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562 | (2) |
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Pineal + Suprasellar Lesions |
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564 | (2) |
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Sella/Pituitary Normal Variants |
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566 | (2) |
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Sellar/Juxtasellar Calcification |
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568 | (4) |
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572 | (2) |
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574 | (2) |
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576 | (2) |
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578 | (6) |
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584 | (4) |
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588 | (4) |
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Calcified Suprasellar Mass |
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592 | (2) |
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Enhancing Suprasellar Mass |
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594 | (2) |
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Sellar/Parasellar Mass With Skull Base Invasion |
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596 | (4) |
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Absent/Thin Infundibular Stalk |
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600 | (2) |
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602 | (2) |
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604 | (4) |
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Modality-Specific Imaging Findings |
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Hyperdense Suprasellar Mass |
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608 | (2) |
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T1 Hyperintense Suprasellar Mass |
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610 | (4) |
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Anatomically Based Differentials |
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Multifocal Arterial Narrowing |
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614 | (4) |
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Vessel Wall Abnormalities |
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618 | (4) |
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Fusiform Arterial Enlargement |
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622 | (2) |
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Modality-Specific Imaging Findings |
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Hyperattenuating ("Dense") Artery |
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624 | (4) |
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Section 10: Veins, Venous Sinuses |
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Anatomically Based Differentials |
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Dural Sinus Lesion, General |
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628 | (4) |
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632 | (2) |
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Enlarged Deep (Medullary/Ependymal) Veins |
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634 | (4) |
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Unilateral Cavernous Sinus Mass |
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638 | (4) |
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Bilateral Cavernous Sinus Lesions |
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642 | (4) |
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646 | (4) |
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Modality-Specific Imaging Findings |
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650 | (4) |
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GRE/SWI Venous Abnormalities |
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654 | (4) |
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Section 11: Cranial Nerves |
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Clinically Based Differentials |
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658 | (4) |
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Sensorineural Hearing Loss in Adult |
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662 | (4) |
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Sensorineural Hearing Loss in Child |
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666 | (6) |
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Bitemporal Heteronymous Hemianopsia |
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672 | (6) |
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678 | (4) |
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Oculomotor, Trochlear, or Abducens Neuropathy |
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682 | (6) |
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688 | (4) |
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Complex Cranial Nerve IX-XII Neuropathy |
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692 | (6) |
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698 | (8) |
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Part II: Spine |
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Anatomically Based Differentials |
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Cervical, Chronic Posttraumatic Abnormality |
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706 | (2) |
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Cervical, Lower, Posttraumatic Bony Abnormality |
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708 | (2) |
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710 | (2) |
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712 | (2) |
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714 | (2) |
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716 | (2) |
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718 | (2) |
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720 | (2) |
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722 | (4) |
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Sacrococcygeal Mass, Pediatric |
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726 | (4) |
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730 | (4) |
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Clinically Based Differentials |
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Acute Back Pain/Radiculopathy, Postoperative |
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734 | (6) |
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Chronic Back Pain/Radiculopathy, Postoperative |
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740 | (6) |
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Acute Upper Extremity Pain/Weakness |
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746 | (6) |
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752 | (4) |
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756 | (6) |
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762 | (6) |
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Section 2: Craniovertebral Junction |
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Anatomically Based Differentials |
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Craniocervical Junction Acute Injury |
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768 | (4) |
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Craniovertebral Junction Abnormality, General |
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772 | (4) |
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Craniovertebral Junction Soft Tissue Abnormality |
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776 | (4) |
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780 | (2) |
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782 | (4) |
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Section 3: Vertebral Body, Posterior Elements |
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Anatomically Based Differentials |
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Congenital Vertebral Anomalies |
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786 | (2) |
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788 | (2) |
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Flattened Vertebral Body, Solitary |
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790 | (2) |
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Flattened Vertebral Body, Multiple |
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792 | (2) |
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Dysmorphic Vertebral Body |
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794 | (2) |
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Enlarged Vertebral Body/Posterior Element |
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796 | (4) |
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800 | (2) |
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Vertebral Body Scalloping/Widened Canal |
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802 | (2) |
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804 | (4) |
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808 | (4) |
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812 | (4) |
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Facet Abnormality, Nontraumatic |
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816 | (2) |
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Fracture, Posterior Element |
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818 | (2) |
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820 | (2) |
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Modality-Specific Imaging Findings |
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Enlarged Vertebral Body, Soap Bubble Expansion |
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822 | (4) |
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Vertebral Body Sclerosis, Focal |
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826 | (2) |
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Vertebral Body Sclerosis, Diffuse |
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828 | (2) |
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Vertebral Body Thickened Bony Trabeculae |
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830 | (2) |
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Vertebral Body, T1 Hyperintense Signal, Diffuse |
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832 | (2) |
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Vertebral Body, T1 Hyperintense Signal, Focal |
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834 | (2) |
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Vertebral Body, T1 Hypointense Signal, Diffuse |
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836 | (4) |
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Vertebral Body, T1 Hypointense Signal, Focal |
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840 | (4) |
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Section 4: Intervertebral Disc, Endplate |
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844 | (4) |
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Intervertebral Disc/Endplate Irregularity |
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848 | (4) |
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Vertebral Endplate Contour Abnormality |
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852 | (4) |
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Modality-Specific Imaging Findings |
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|
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Intervertebral Disc, T1 Hypointense |
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856 | (2) |
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Intervertebral Disc, T2 Hyperintense |
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858 | (2) |
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Vertebral Endplate Signal Abnormality |
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860 | (4) |
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Anatomically Based Differentials |
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864 | (6) |
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Ventral/Lateral Paraspinal Mass |
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870 | (2) |
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Paraspinal Muscle Abnormality |
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872 | (2) |
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Extradural Lesions, Multiple |
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874 | (2) |
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Extradural Lesion, No Enhancement |
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876 | (2) |
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Extradural Lesion, Solid Enhancement |
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878 | (4) |
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Modality-Specific Imaging Findings |
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Soft Tissue Calcification, Paraspinal |
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882 | (2) |
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|
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Extradural, Normal Marrow Signal |
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884 | (4) |
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Extradural, Abnormal Marrow Signal |
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888 | (4) |
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Extradural Lesion, T1 Hyperintense |
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892 | (2) |
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Extradural Lesion, T1 Hypointense |
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894 | (4) |
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|
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Extradural Lesion, T2 Hyperintense, T1 Isointense |
|
|
898 | (4) |
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Extradural Lesion, T2 Hypointense, T1 Hypointense |
|
|
902 | (2) |
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|
|
Clinically Based Differentials |
|
|
|
Lumbar Soft Tissue Mass, Pediatric |
|
|
904 | (6) |
|
|
Section 6: Intradural Extramedullary |
|
|
|
Anatomically Based Differentials |
|
|
|
Cauda Equina Enhancement, Diffuse |
|
|
910 | (4) |
|
|
Subarachnoid Space Narrowing |
|
|
914 | (2) |
|
|
|
Intradural Extramedullary, Leptomeningeal Enhancement |
|
|
916 | (4) |
|
|
|
|
|
Intradural Extramedullary Lesion, No Enhancement |
|
|
920 | (4) |
|
|
|
Intradural Extramedullary Lesion, Solid Enhancement |
|
|
924 | (4) |
|
|
|
Intradural Lesion, Serpentine |
|
|
928 | (2) |
|
|
Intradural Extramedullary Lesion, Multiple |
|
|
930 | (4) |
|
|
|
Modality-Specific Imaging Findings |
|
|
|
Intradural Extramedullary Lesion, Ring/Peripheral Enhancement |
|
|
934 | (4) |
|
|
Intradural Extramedullary Lesion, T1 Hyperintense |
|
|
938 | (2) |
|
|
|
Intradural Extramedullary Lesion, T1 Hypointense |
|
|
940 | (4) |
|
|
|
Intradural Extramedullary Lesion, T1 Hypointense, T2 Hypointense |
|
|
944 | (2) |
|
|
|
Intradural Extramedullary Lesion, T2 Hyperintense, T1 Isointense |
|
|
946 | (2) |
|
|
|
Clinically Based Differentials |
|
|
|
|
948 | (4) |
|
|
|
Section 7: Intramedullary |
|
|
|
Anatomically Based Differentials |
|
|
|
|
952 | (4) |
|
|
|
|
956 | (4) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
960 | (2) |
|
|
|
Intramedullary Lesions, Multiple |
|
|
962 | (2) |
|
|
|
Intramedullary Lesion, Solid Enhancement |
|
|
964 | (4) |
|
|
|
Intramedullary Lesion, No Enhancement |
|
|
968 | (2) |
|
|
|
Intramedullary Lesion, Diffuse/Ill-Defined Enhancement |
|
|
970 | (4) |
|
|
|
Intramedullary Lesion, Ring/Peripheral Enhancement |
|
|
974 | (2) |
|
|
|
Modality-Specific Imaging Findings |
|
|
|
Intramedullary Lesion, T1 Hypointense, T2 Hypointense |
|
|
976 | (2) |
|
|
|
Intramedullary Lesion, T1 Hypointense |
|
|
978 | (2) |
|
|
|
Intramedullary Lesion, T2 Hyperintense, T1 Isointense |
|
|
980 | (4) |
|
|
|
Intramedullary Lesion, T1 Hyperintense |
|
|
984 | (6) |
|
|
|
Cord Lesion, T2 Hyperintense, Ventral |
|
|
990 | (2) |
|
|
|
Cord Lesion, T2 Hyperintense, Dorsal |
|
|
992 | (4) |
|
|
|
Cord Lesion, T2 Hyperintense, Central |
|
|
996 | (6) |
|
|
|
Clinically Based Differentials |
|
|
|
|
1002 | |
|