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1 | (20) |
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1.1 The Cauchy-Riemann equations and Cauchy's integral theorem |
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1 | (2) |
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1.2 The Cauchy integral formula and applications |
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3 | (3) |
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1.3 Change of contour, isolated singularities, residues |
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6 | (3) |
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1.4 The logarithm and powers |
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9 | (1) |
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10 | (1) |
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1.6 Reflection principles |
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11 | (1) |
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1.7 Analytic continuation |
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12 | (2) |
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1.8 The Stieltjes integral |
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14 | (1) |
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15 | (2) |
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17 | (2) |
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Remarks and further reading |
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19 | (2) |
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2 Linear Fractional Transformations |
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21 | (12) |
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21 | (4) |
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2.2 The cross-ratio and mapping properties of linear fractional transformations |
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25 | (2) |
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2.3 Upper half plane and unit disk |
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27 | (2) |
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29 | (2) |
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Remarks and further reading |
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31 | (2) |
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33 | (8) |
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3.1 Distance-preserving transformations and "lines" |
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33 | (1) |
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3.2 Construction of a distance function |
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34 | (3) |
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3.3 The triangle inequality |
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37 | (1) |
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3.4 Distance and area elements |
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38 | (1) |
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39 | (1) |
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Remarks and further reading |
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40 | (1) |
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41 | (10) |
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4.1 Harmonic functions and holomorphic functions |
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41 | (1) |
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4.2 The mean value property, the maximum principle, and Poisson's formula |
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42 | (3) |
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4.3 The Schwarz reflection principle |
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45 | (1) |
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4.4 Application: approximation theorems |
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46 | (1) |
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47 | (2) |
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Remarks and further reading |
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49 | (2) |
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5 Conformal maps and the Riemann mapping theorem |
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51 | (16) |
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51 | (1) |
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5.2 The Riemann mapping theorem |
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52 | (2) |
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5.3 Proof of Lemma 5.2.2; the Ascoli--Arzela theorem |
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54 | (2) |
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5.4 Boundary behavior of conformal maps |
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56 | (1) |
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5.5 Mapping polygons: the Schwarz--Christoffel formula |
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57 | (2) |
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5.6 Triangles and rectangles |
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59 | (1) |
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60 | (3) |
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63 | (2) |
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Remarks and further reading |
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65 | (2) |
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6 The Schwarzian derivative |
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67 | (16) |
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6.1 The Schwarzian derivative as measure of curvature |
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67 | (2) |
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6.2 Some properties of the Schwarzian |
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69 | (1) |
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6.3 The Schwarzian and curves |
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70 | (1) |
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6.4 The Riemann mapping function and the Schwarzian |
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71 | (3) |
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6.5 Triangles and hypergeometric functions |
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74 | (3) |
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6.6 Regular polygons and hypergeometric functions |
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77 | (3) |
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80 | (2) |
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Remarks and further reading |
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82 | (1) |
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7 Riemann surfaces and algebraic curves |
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83 | (22) |
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7.1 Analytic continuation |
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83 | (3) |
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7.2 The Riemann surface of a function |
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86 | (2) |
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7.3 Compact Riemann surfaces |
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88 | (1) |
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7.4 Algebraic curves: some algebra |
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89 | (4) |
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7.5 Algebraic curves: some analysis |
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93 | (2) |
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7.6 Examples: elliptic and hyperelliptic curves |
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95 | (2) |
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7.7 General compact Riemann surfaces |
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97 | (1) |
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7.8 Algebraic curves of higher genus |
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98 | (5) |
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103 | (1) |
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Remarks and further reading |
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104 | (1) |
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105 | (16) |
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8.1 The Weierstrass product theorem |
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105 | (2) |
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107 | (2) |
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8.3 Functions of finite order |
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109 | (2) |
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8.4 Hadamard's factorization theorem |
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111 | (1) |
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8.5 Application to Riemann's xi function |
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112 | (3) |
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8.6 Application: an inhomogeneous vibrating string |
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115 | (3) |
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118 | (1) |
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Remarks and further reading |
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119 | (2) |
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9 Value distribution theory |
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121 | (20) |
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9.1 The Nevanlinna characteristic and the first fundamental theorem |
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121 | (4) |
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9.2 The first fundamental theorem and a modified characteristic |
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125 | (3) |
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9.3 The second fundamental theorem |
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128 | (6) |
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134 | (3) |
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9.5 Further properties of meromorphic functions |
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137 | (1) |
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138 | (2) |
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Remarks and further reading |
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140 | (1) |
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10 The gamma and beta functions |
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141 | (14) |
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10.1 Euler's product solution |
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141 | (3) |
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10.2 Euler's integral solution and the beta function |
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144 | (2) |
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10.3 Legendre's duplication formula |
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146 | (1) |
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10.4 The reflection formula and the product formula for sine |
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146 | (2) |
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10.5 Asymptotics of the gamma function |
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148 | (3) |
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151 | (2) |
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Remarks and further reading |
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153 | (2) |
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11 The Riemann zeta function |
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155 | (12) |
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156 | (1) |
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11.2 The functional equation of the zeta function |
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157 | (3) |
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160 | (1) |
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161 | (1) |
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162 | (2) |
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164 | (1) |
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Remarks and further reading |
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165 | (2) |
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12 L-functions and prunes |
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167 | (18) |
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12.1 Factorization and Dirichlet characters |
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168 | (1) |
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12.2 Characters of finite commutative groups |
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169 | (2) |
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12.3 Analysis of L-functions |
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171 | (2) |
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12.4 Proof of Dirichlet's Theorem |
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173 | (2) |
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12.5 Functional equations |
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175 | (5) |
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12.6 Other L-functions: algebraic and automorphic |
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180 | (2) |
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182 | (1) |
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Remarks and further reading |
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183 | (2) |
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13 The Riemann hypothesis |
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185 | (20) |
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13.1 Primes and zeros of the zeta function |
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186 | (2) |
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13.2 Von Mangoldt's formula for Ψ |
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188 | (1) |
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13.3 The prime number theorem |
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189 | (3) |
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13.4 Density of the zeros |
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192 | (3) |
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13.5 The Riemann hypothesis and Gauss's approximation |
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195 | (2) |
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13.6 Riemann's 1859 paper |
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197 | (2) |
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13.7 Inverting the Mellin transform of Ψ |
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199 | (1) |
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200 | (3) |
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Remarks and further reading |
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203 | (2) |
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14 Elliptic functions and theta functions |
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205 | (14) |
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14.1 Elliptic functions: generalities |
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205 | (4) |
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209 | (3) |
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14.3 Construction of elliptic functions |
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212 | (2) |
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14.4 Integrating elliptic functions |
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214 | (1) |
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215 | (2) |
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Remarks and further reading |
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217 | (2) |
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15 Jacobi elliptic functions |
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219 | (10) |
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15.1 The pendulum equation |
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219 | (1) |
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15.2 Properties of the map F |
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220 | (2) |
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15.3 The Jacobi functions |
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222 | (3) |
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15.4 Elliptic curves: Jacobi parametrization |
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225 | (1) |
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226 | (1) |
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Remarks and further reading |
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227 | (2) |
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16 Weierstrass elliptic functions |
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229 | (10) |
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16.1 The Weierstrass p function |
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229 | (3) |
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16.2 Integration of elliptic functions |
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232 | (2) |
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16.3 Elliptic curves: Weierstrass parametrization |
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234 | (1) |
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16.4 Addition on the curve |
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235 | (2) |
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237 | (1) |
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Remarks and further reading |
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238 | (1) |
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17 Automorphic functions and Picard's theorem |
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239 | (16) |
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17.1 The elliptic modular function |
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239 | (1) |
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17.2 The modular group and the fundamental domain |
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240 | (3) |
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17.3 A closer look at λ Picard's theorem |
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243 | (4) |
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17.4 Automorphic functions; the J function |
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247 | (3) |
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250 | (3) |
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253 | (1) |
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Remarks and further reading |
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254 | (1) |
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255 | (14) |
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18.1 Approximate identities and Schwartz functions |
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255 | (3) |
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18.2 The Cauchy Transform and the Hilbert transform |
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258 | (3) |
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18.3 The Fourier transform |
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261 | (1) |
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18.4 The Fourier transform for L1(R) |
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262 | (2) |
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18.5 The Fourier transform for L2(R) |
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264 | (1) |
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265 | (3) |
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Remarks and further reading |
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268 | (1) |
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19 Theorems of Phragmen--Lindelof and Paley--Wiener |
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269 | (14) |
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19.1 Phragmen--Lindelof theorems |
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269 | (2) |
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19.2 Hardy's uncertainty principle |
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271 | (2) |
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19.3 The Paley--Wiener Theorem |
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273 | (5) |
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278 | (2) |
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280 | (1) |
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Remarks and further reading |
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281 | (2) |
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20 Theorems of Wiener and Levy; the Wiener--Hopf method |
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283 | (14) |
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283 | (3) |
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20.2 Convolution equations |
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286 | (4) |
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20.3 The case of real zeros of 1 -- k |
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290 | (2) |
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292 | (2) |
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Remarks and further reading |
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294 | (3) |
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297 | (18) |
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298 | (1) |
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21.2 Abel, Tauber, Littlewood, and Hardy--Littlewood |
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299 | (2) |
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21.3 Karamata's tauberian theorem |
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301 | (3) |
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21.4 Wiener's tauberian theorem |
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304 | (5) |
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21.5 A theorem of Malliavin and applications |
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309 | (3) |
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312 | (2) |
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Remarks and further reading |
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314 | (1) |
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22 Asymptotics and the method of steepest descent |
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315 | (16) |
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22.1 The method of steepest descent |
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315 | (2) |
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317 | (2) |
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22.3 The partition function and the Hardy-Ramanujan formula |
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319 | (6) |
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22.4 Proof of the functional equation (22.3.6) |
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325 | (3) |
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328 | (1) |
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Remarks and further reading |
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329 | (2) |
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23 Complex interpolation and the Riesz--Thorin theorem |
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331 | (10) |
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23.1 Interpolation: the complex method |
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331 | (3) |
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334 | (2) |
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23.3 Application: the Riesz-Thorin theorem |
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336 | (1) |
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23.4 Application to Fourier series |
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337 | (1) |
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338 | (1) |
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Remarks and further reading |
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339 | (2) |
References |
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341 | (8) |
Index |
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349 | |