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E-grāmata: Extending Science: NASA's Space Science Mission Extensions and the Senior Review Process

  • Formāts: 96 pages
  • Izdošanas datums: 29-Dec-2016
  • Izdevniecība: National Academies Press
  • Valoda: eng
  • ISBN-13: 9780309448796
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  • Formāts: 96 pages
  • Izdošanas datums: 29-Dec-2016
  • Izdevniecība: National Academies Press
  • Valoda: eng
  • ISBN-13: 9780309448796
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NASA operates a large number of space science missions, approximately three-quarters of which are currently in their extended operations phase. They represent not only a majority of operational space science missions, but a substantial national investment and vital national assets. They are tremendously scientifically productive, making many of the major discoveries that are reported in the media and that rewrite textbooks.



Extending Science NASA's Space Science Mission Extensions and the Senior Review Process evaluates the scientific benefits of missions extensions, the current process for extending missions, the current biennial requirement for senior reviews of mission extensions, the balance between starting new missions and extending operating missions, and potential innovative cost-reduction proposals for extended missions, and makes recommendations based on this review.

Table of Contents



Front Matter Summary 1 Introduction 2 The Scientific Benefits of Mission Extensions 3 Review of Extended Missions by NASA 4 The Balance of New Missions Versus Extended Missions 5 Innovative Cost Reductions for Extended Missions Appendixes Appendix A: Statement of Task Appendix B: Scientific Discoveries of the Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter and Opportunity Rover During Extended Phase Appendix C: NASA Science Mission Directorate Budgets by Division for Fiscal Year 2016 Appendix D: Extended Mission and Senior Review References in Decadal Surveys Appendix E: Biographies of Committee Members and Staff Appendix F: Acronyms
Summary 1(7)
1 Introduction
8(7)
The Science Mission Directorate
9(2)
What Is an Extended Mission?
11(1)
What Do NASA's Extended Missions Cost?
12(1)
How Does NASA Decide What Missions to Extend?
13(1)
Reference
14(1)
2 The Scientific Benefits Of Mission Extensions
15(21)
Astrophysics Discoveries During Extended Missions
15(4)
Earth Science Discoveries During Extended Missions
19(4)
Heliophysics Discoveries During Extended Missions
23(4)
Planetary Science Discoveries During Extended Missions
27(4)
Conclusions
31(1)
References
32(4)
3 Review Of Extended Missions By Nasa
36(12)
SMD-Wide Characteristics of Senior Reviews
37(1)
Division-Specific Characteristics of Senior Reviews
37(3)
Stakeholders
40(3)
Incorporation of Lessons Learned into Senior Reviews
43(1)
Summary History of Missions Reviewed by the Senior Reviews
43(1)
Extension of European Space Agency Science Missions
44(3)
Conclusion
47(1)
Reference
47(1)
4 The Balance Of New Missions Versus Extended Missions
48(5)
Conclusion
51(1)
References
51(2)
5 Innovative Cost Reductions For Extended Missions
53(10)
Colocating Operations
53(1)
Innovative Approaches
54(3)
Repurposing Extended Missions to Create New Science Missions
57(1)
Risk Assessment and Acceptance
58(1)
The Need for Support in Response to Spacecraft Anomalies
58(1)
Control of Costs and Risks Related to the Introduction of New Procedures
59(1)
Determining the Lifetime Cost of Science Missions
59(1)
Conclusion
60(3)
Appendixes
A Statement of Task
63(1)
B Scientific Discoveries of the Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter and Opportunity Rover During Extended Phase
64(4)
C NASA Science Mission Directorate Budgets by Division for Fiscal Year 2016
68(2)
D Extended Mission and Senior Review References in Decadal Surveys
70(5)
E Biographies of Committee Members and Staff
75(6)
F Acronyms
81