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E-grāmata: First Aid for the Emergency Medicine Oral Boards

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  • Formāts: 888 pages
  • Izdošanas datums: 26-Jan-2010
  • Izdevniecība: McGraw-Hill Medical
  • Valoda: eng
  • ISBN-13: 9780071632546
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First Aid for the Emergency Medicine Oral BoardsPalielināt
  • Formāts: 888 pages
  • Izdošanas datums: 26-Jan-2010
  • Izdevniecība: McGraw-Hill Medical
  • Valoda: eng
  • ISBN-13: 9780071632546
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Real exam strategies to help you avoid pitfalls and errors on the Emergency Medicine Oral Boards!





Everything you need to remember PLUS what to say and do!





EXCEL on the exam with:





A detailed description of the exam, including format, scoring, what to expect on exam day, content, recommended study plan, preparation advice, and additional resources The language and technique you need to excel! A complete review of basic management skills, including airway management, shock, trauma, common procedures, and more Tips and pearls on what to say, order, and do Diagnostic and management algorithms by chief complaint (including pediatric) -- everything from abdominal pain to weakness 50 cases along with the actual dialog that could and should occur during patient simulation plus images and lab results you need to be familiar with
Contributors xi
Preface xiii
Getting Started
1(8)
Introduction
2(1)
Timing and Location
2(1)
Detailed Description of the Exam Day
3(1)
The Oral Board Exam Format
4(2)
Content
6(1)
Pass Rates
6(1)
Recommended Study Plan
6(3)
The General Approach: Keys to Managing and Organizing Your Information
9(20)
General Information
10(1)
Approach
11(15)
Pearls
26(3)
Airway Management
29(14)
Initial Assessment
30(1)
Basic Airway Management
31(1)
Noninvasive Ventilatory Support
31(1)
Indications for Intubation
32(1)
Initial Approach to Intubation
32(2)
Orotracheal Intubation Technique
34(9)
BLS/ACLS
43(16)
BLS: Basic Life Support
44(1)
ACLS: Advanced Cardiac Life Support
45(1)
Immediate Interventions
46(3)
Management of Pulseless Arrest
49(1)
Management of Bradycardia
50(1)
Management of Acute Pulmonary Edema, Hypotension, and Shock
51(2)
Management of Tachycardia
53(6)
PALS/NALS
59(8)
Initial Assessment
60(1)
Basic Life Support
60(5)
Neonatal Advanced Life Support
65(2)
Shock
67(8)
Definition of Shock
68(1)
Pathophysiology
68(1)
Recognizing Shock
69(1)
Identify the Cause
69(2)
Winning Strategies
71(4)
Trauma/ATLS Review
75(8)
General Comments
76(1)
Initial Assessment
76(1)
Primary Survey
76(3)
Between the Primary and Secondary Survey
79(1)
Secondary Survey
80(1)
Completing the Case
81(2)
Acid-Base Derangements
83(4)
Stepwise Approach to Acid-Base Interpretation
84(1)
Respiratory Acidosis
84(1)
Respiratory Alkalosis
85(1)
Metabolic Acidosis
85(1)
Metabolic Alkalosis
85(2)
Common Procedures
87(12)
Joint Injuries/Reductions
88(11)
Abdominal Pain
99(26)
Initial Assessment
100(1)
Initial History and Physical Examination
100(1)
Differential Diagnosis
100(2)
Pertionitis/SBP/PD Related
102(2)
Intestinal Obstruction
104(3)
Mesenteric Ischemia
107(2)
Perforated Viscus
109(3)
Appendicitis
112(1)
Pancreatitis
113(2)
Cholecystitis/Cholangitis
115(2)
Diverticulitis/Abscess
117(2)
Pelvic Pain/PID/TOA
119(1)
Ovarian Torsion
120(5)
Back Pain
125(8)
Initial Assessment
126(1)
Initial History and Physical Examination
126(1)
Differential Diagnosis
127(1)
Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm
127(2)
Epidural Abscess
129(4)
Bleeding Disorders
133(6)
Initial Assessment
134(1)
Initial History and Physical Examination
134(1)
Differential Diagnosis
134(1)
Acquired Bleeding Disorders
135(1)
Hereditary Bleeding Disorders
136(3)
Burns
139(10)
Initial Assessment
140(1)
Initial History and Physical Examination
140(1)
Differential Diagnosis
141(1)
Electrical Burn
142(2)
Chemical Burn
144(2)
Thermal Burn
146(3)
Change in Mental Status/Coma
149(18)
Initial Assessment/Intervention
150(1)
Differential Diagnosis
151(1)
Hyperthermia
152(1)
Hypothermia
153(2)
High-Altiude Illness
155(2)
Endocrine: Myxedema Coma
157(1)
Hypoglycemia
158(1)
Acute Adrenal Insufficiency
159(1)
Diabetic Ketoacidosis
160(2)
Hyperosmotic Nonketotic Coma
162(1)
Hypernatremia
163(1)
Hypercalcemia
164(3)
Chest Pain
167(18)
Initial Assessment
168(1)
Initial History and Physical Examination
168(1)
Differential Diagnosis
168(1)
Acute Coronary Syndrome
169(5)
Aortic Dissection
174(4)
Pulmonary Embolism
178(3)
Pneumothorax
181(4)
Psychiatric Emergencies
185(8)
Initial Assessment
186(1)
Initial History and Physical Examination
186(1)
Differential Diagnosis
186(1)
Depression
187(1)
Psychosis
188(1)
Sexual Assault
189(4)
The Dialysis Patient
193(10)
Initial Assessment
194(1)
Initial History and Physical Examination
194(1)
Differential Diagnosis
195(2)
Hyperkalemia
197(1)
Pericardial Tamponade
198(1)
Volume Overload
199(1)
Bleeding from Vascular Access Site
200(3)
Dyspnea/Shortness of Breath
203(14)
Initial Assessment
204(1)
Initial History and Physical Examination
204(1)
Differential Diagnosis
204(1)
Asthma
205(3)
COPD Exacerbation
208(1)
Congestive Heart Failure/Pulmonary Edema
209(2)
Cardiac Tampondae
211(1)
Pneumonia
212(5)
Fever
217(12)
Initial Assessment
218(1)
Initial History and Physical Examination
218(1)
Differential Diagnosis
218(2)
Urinary Tract Infections
220(1)
Endocarditis
221(1)
Neutropenic Fever
222(1)
HIV/AIDS
223(1)
Cellulitis/Necrotizing Fasciitis
224(1)
Thyroid Storm
225(4)
Gl Bleed
229(6)
Initial Assessment
230(1)
Initial History and Physical Examination
230(1)
Differential Diagnosis
230(1)
Upper Gl Bleed
231(1)
Lower Gl Bleed
232(3)
Headache
235(8)
Initial Assessment
236(1)
Initial History and Physical Examination
236(1)
Pain Management
237(1)
Differential Diagnosis
237(1)
Subarachnoid Hemorrhage
238(1)
Temporal Arteritis
239(1)
Subdural Hematoma
239(1)
Hypertensive Encephalopathy
240(3)
Paralysis
243(10)
Initial Assessment
244(1)
Initial History and Physical Examination
244(1)
Differential Diagnosis
244(1)
Ischemic Stroke
245(3)
Spinal Cord Compression
248(1)
Guillain-Barre Syndrome
249(1)
Myasthenia Gravis
249(4)
The Painful Extremity
253(8)
Initial Assessment
254(1)
Initial History and Physical Examination
254(1)
Differential Diagnosis
254(1)
Arterial Embolus
255(1)
Deep Venous Thrombosis
256(1)
Spetic Joint
257(4)
Emergencies in Pregnancy
261(10)
Initial Assessment
262(1)
Initial History and Physical Examination
262(1)
Differential Diagnosis/Common Emergency Presentations of Pregnancy
262(2)
Ectopic Pregnancy
264(2)
Placenta Previa
266(1)
Placental Abruption
267(1)
Pre-eclampsia/Eclampsia/HELLP Syndrome
268(3)
Ophthalmologic Emergencies
271(10)
Initial Assessment
272(1)
Initial History and Physical Examination
272(1)
Differential Diagnosis
272(3)
Acute Angle-Closure Glaucoma
275(1)
Endophthalmitis
276(1)
Anterior Uveitis (lritis)
276(1)
Corneal Ulcer
277(1)
Central Retinal Artery Occlusion
278(3)
Rash/Skin Complaints
281(12)
Initial Assessment
282(1)
Initial History and Physical Examination
282(1)
Differential Diagnosis
283(2)
Urticaria/Angioedema
285(3)
Anaphylaxis
288(2)
Erythema Multiforme
290(3)
Seizure
293(12)
Initial Assessment
294(1)
Initial History and Physical Examination
294(1)
Differential Diagnosis
295(1)
Generalized Seizure Disorders
295(1)
Status Epilepticus
296(2)
Meningitis
298(1)
Metabolic Abnormalities
299(1)
Alcohol Withdrawal/Delirium Tremens
299(1)
Head Trauma
300(5)
Emergencies in Sickle Cell Patients
305(6)
Initial Assessment
306(1)
Initial History and Physical Examination
306(1)
Differential Diagnosis
306(1)
Acute Chest Syndrome
307(2)
Sepsis
309(1)
Aplastic Crisis
310(1)
Sore Thorat/Dysphagia
311(8)
Initial Assessment
312(1)
Initial History and Physical Examination
312(1)
Differential Diagnosis
313(2)
Ludwig Angina
315(1)
Epiglottitis
316(1)
Peritonsillar Abscess
317(2)
Syncope and Palpitations
319(14)
Initial Assessment
320(1)
Initial History and Physical Examination
320(1)
Differential Diagnosis
321(1)
Reflex-Mediated Syncope
322(1)
Orthostatic Hypotension Syncope
323(2)
Neurologic Syncope
325(1)
Cardiovascular Syncope
325(8)
Trauma
333(28)
Initial Assessment
334(1)
Initial History and Physical Examination
334(1)
Differential Diagnosis
335(1)
Head Trauma
335(3)
Abdominal Trauma
338(3)
Thoracic Trauma
341(4)
Neck Trauma
345(2)
Spinal Trauma
347(3)
Musculoskeletal Trauma: Facial Trauma
350(3)
Musculoskeletal Trauma: Pelvic Trauma
353(1)
Musculoskeletal Trauma: Extremity Trauma
354(2)
Musculoskeletal Trauma: Compartment Syndrome
356(1)
Musculoskeletal Trauma: Closed Fist Injury
357(4)
Weakness
361(10)
Initial Assessment
362(1)
Initial History and Physical Examination
362(1)
Differential Diagnosis
362(1)
Acute Renal Failure
363(2)
Rhabdomyolysis
365(2)
Hyperkalemia
367(1)
Hypokalemia
368(3)
Poisonings and Overdoses
371(48)
Initial Assessment/Intervention
374(1)
Initial History and Physical Examination
374(11)
Acetaminophen
385(2)
Salicylates
387(1)
Beta-Blocker/Calcium Channel Blocker
388(2)
Cardiac Glycoside (Digoxin)
390(1)
Theophylline
391(2)
Valproic Aid (Depacon, Depakene, Depakote)
393(1)
Tricyclic Antidepressants
394(2)
Antipsychotics
396(1)
Lithium
397(1)
Iron
398(2)
Lead
400(2)
Methemoglobinemia
402(1)
Carbon Monoxide
403(1)
Cyanide
404(2)
Hydrocarbon and Petroleum Distillates
406(1)
Organophosphates/Nerve Agents
407(1)
Ethylene Glycol
408(1)
Methanol
409(2)
Opioids
411(1)
Anticholinergic
412(1)
Cocaine and Amphetamines (Methylphenidate, Metamphetamine)
413(2)
Serotonin Syndrome
415(1)
Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome
416(3)
Abdominal Pain/Vomiting
419(14)
Initial Assessment
420(1)
Initial History and Physical Examination
420(1)
Differential Diagnosis
420(1)
Pyloric Stenosis
421(2)
Intussusception
423(2)
Midgut Volvulus
425(2)
Testicular Torsion
427(2)
Appendicitis
429(4)
Pediatric Difficulty Breathing
433(14)
Initial Assessment
434(1)
Initial History and Physical Examination
434(1)
Differential Diagnosis
435(3)
Congenital Cardiac abnormalities: Tetralogy of Fallot
438(1)
Asthma
439(1)
Bronchiolitis
440(1)
Pediatric Foreign bodies
441(1)
Croup
442(2)
ALTE ("Near SIDS")
444(3)
Pediatric Fever
447(18)
Initial Assessment
448(1)
Initial History and Physical Examination
448(1)
Differential Diagnosis
448(3)
Fever of Unknown Etiology: 0- 1-Month Age Group
451(1)
1-3-month Age Group
452(2)
3-36-month Age Group
454(2)
Fever Associated with Rash
456(1)
Meningococcemia
456(1)
Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever (RMSF)
457(1)
Kawasaki Syndrome (KS)
458(2)
Fever Without Rash
460(1)
Cellulitis
460(1)
Osteomyelitis
461(4)
Pediatric Joint Pain
465(12)
Initial Assessment
466(1)
Initial History and Physical Examination
466(1)
Differential Diagnosis
466(1)
Mechanical Causes of Joint Pain or Limping
466(1)
Systemic/Inflammatory Causes of Joint Pain or Limping
467(1)
Common Fractures and Dislocations in Children
468(3)
Slipped Capital Femoral Epiphysis
471(1)
Legg-Calve-Perthes Disease
472(1)
Toxic/Transient Synovitis
473(1)
Septic Arthritis
474(3)
Pediatric Seizure
477(12)
Initial Assessment
478(1)
Initial History and Physcial Examination
478(1)
Differential Diagnosis
479(1)
Generalized Seizure Disorder
480(1)
Status Epilepticus
481(1)
Febrile Seizures
482(1)
Meningitis
483(1)
Metabolic Abnormalities
484(1)
Head Trauma
485(4)
Pediatric Trauma
489(16)
Initial Assessment
490(1)
Immediate Actions
490(1)
Differential Diagnoses and Considerations: The Secondary Survey
491(1)
Head Trauma
492(2)
Neck Trauma
494(2)
Chest Trauma
496(2)
Abdominal Trauma
498(2)
Genitourinary Trauma
500(1)
Child Abuse
501(1)
Near Drowning
501(4)
Pediatric Sore Throat
505(10)
Initial Assessment
506(1)
Initial History and Physical Examination
506(1)
Differential Diagnosis
507(1)
Acute Bacterial Pharyngitis
508(1)
Acute Viral Pharyngitis
509(1)
Epiglottitis
510(1)
Mononucleosis
511(1)
Retropharyngeal Abscess
512(1)
Diphtheria
513(2)
Cases
515(338)
55 y/o Male with Chest Pain
515(6)
44 y/o Female with Headache
521(5)
20 y/o Male Pedestrian Struck by a Car
526(6)
A 24 y/o Female with Vaginal Bleeding
532(5)
55 y/o Male with Mental Status Changes
537(5)
A 50 y/o Female with Syncope
542(6)
35 y/o Male with Head Injury
548(6)
70 y/o Female with Abdominal Pain (AAA)
554(6)
l mo/o Male with Fever of Unknown Origin
560(5)
6 y/o Female with Abdominal Pain
565(4)
90 y/o Male with Headache
569(6)
50 y/o Female Dialysis Patient with Fever
575(5)
44 y/o Male with Hypotension
580(6)
16 y/o Male with Mental Status Change
586(6)
40 y/o Male with Chest Pain
592(8)
28 y/o Female with HIV, Back Pain, and Fever
600(5)
85 y/o Male with Abdominal Pain
605(6)
45 y/o Female with Shortness of Breath
611(10)
2 y/o Fussy Male with Abdominal Pain
621(7)
24 y/o Female who has a Fall
628(5)
55 y/o Male with Sore Throat
633(6)
33 y/o Female with Headache and Weakness
639(4)
1 1/2 y/o Male with SOB
643(6)
35 y/o Female Pedestrian Struck by an Auto
649(6)
24 y/o Male with GSW to Chest and Neck
655(6)
5 y/o Female with Abdominal Pain
661(6)
7 y/o Male with Asthma
667(4)
A 22 y/o Female with Abdominal Pain
671(6)
A 68 y/o Male with Shortness of Breath
677(5)
28 y/o Female in an MVA
682(5)
2 y/o Female with Seizure
687(7)
8 mo/o Female with SIDS/Pediatric ACLS
694(9)
38 y/o Male with Thermal Burns
703(5)
44 y/o Female with Fever and Bizarre Behavior
708(8)
88 y/o Male with Fever and Change in Mental Status
716(7)
80 y/o Female with Weakness
723(8)
38 y/o Male with Sore Throat and Fever
731(6)
55 y/o Female with Hematemesis
737(6)
28 y/o Male with Sickle Cell Disease and Chest Pain
743(5)
68 y/o Female with Palpitations
748(9)
58 y/o Male with Shortness of Breath
757(6)
37 y/o Female with Depression and Suicide Attempt
763(5)
44 y/o Male with Weakness
768(7)
78 y/o Female with Paralysis
775(6)
A 2 y/o Male Near Drowning
781(11)
Situation Encounter: A 14 y/o Male with a Limp, a 45 y/o Male with Shoulder Pain, and a Woman with Abdominal Pain
792(12)
Situation Encounter: A 24 y/o Male with a Hand Laceration, a 62 y/o Female with SOB, and a 2 y/o Male with SOB
804(11)
Situation Encounter: A 74 y/o Female with Mental Status Changes, a 45 y/o Male with a Headache and Syncope, and an 8 y/o Male with SOB
815(12)
Situation Encounter: A 10 y/o Male Struck by a Car, a 22 y/o Male with Hemophilia and Hand Laceration, and a 36 y/o Female with Acute Abdominal Pain
827(11)
Situation Encounter: A 2 y/o Febrile Child, a 85 y/o Male with Eye Pain, and a 48 y/o Male with CP
838(15)
Index 853
Editors:

David S Howes MD

Professor, Joint Chief, Residency Program Director

Section of Emergency Medicine

The University of Chicago

Chicago, Illinois





Rohit Gupta, MD

Attending Physician

Department of Emergency Medicine

Advocate Christ Hospital

Chicago, Illinois



Assistant Editors:

Flora Waples-Trefil, MD

Clinical Instructor

Section of Emergency Medicine

The University of Chicago

Chicago, Illinois





Tyson Pillow, MD

Clinical Instructor

Section of Emergency Medicine

The University of Chicago

Chicago, Illinois





Janis Tupesis, MD

Associate Program Director

University of Chicago Emergency Medicine Residency

Assistant Professor of Medicine

The University of Chicago

Chicago, Illinois
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