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Fix IT: See and solve the problems of digital healthcare [Mīkstie vāki]

2.00/5 (2 ratings by Goodreads)
(See Change Fellow in Digital Health, Swansea University, Wales, UK)
  • Formāts: Paperback / softback, 600 pages, height x width x depth: 233x155x28 mm, weight: 980 g
  • Izdošanas datums: 08-Oct-2021
  • Izdevniecība: Oxford University Press
  • ISBN-10: 0198861273
  • ISBN-13: 9780198861270
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Fix IT: See and solve the problems of digital healthcarePalielināt
  • Formāts: Paperback / softback, 600 pages, height x width x depth: 233x155x28 mm, weight: 980 g
  • Izdošanas datums: 08-Oct-2021
  • Izdevniecība: Oxford University Press
  • ISBN-10: 0198861273
  • ISBN-13: 9780198861270
Citas grāmatas par šo tēmu:
Permanent link: https://www.kriso.lv/db/9780198861270.html
Keywords:
New technologies like AI, medical apps and implants seem very exciting but they too often have bugs and are susceptible to cyberattacks. Even well-established technologies like infusion pumps, pacemakers and radiotherapy aren't immune.

Until digital healthcare improves, digital risk means that patients may be harmed unnecessarily, and healthcare staff will continue to be blamed for problems when it's not their fault.

This book tells stories of widespread problems with digital healthcare. The stories inspire and challenge anyone who wants to make hospitals and healthcare better. The stories and their resolutions will empower patients, clinical staff and digital developers to help transform digital healthcare to
make it safer and more effective.

This book is not just about the bugs and cybersecurity threats that affect digital healthcare. More importantly, it's about the solutions that can make digital healthcare much safer.

Recenzijas

This is an extraordinary book: a potent and engaging compendium of revelatory stories, bold insights, wise advice, and fresh thinking. * Daniel Jackson (Professor of Computer Science, MIT) * This is a brilliant and hugely enjoyable book which should be compulsory reading for anyone with high-level responsibility for patient care. * Martin Elliott (former Medical Director, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children) *

Papildus informācija

Winner of Winner, 2022 BMA Medical Book Awards, General Medicine.
1 How to read this book
1(14)
Digital healthcare is much riskier than we think, but it can be made far more effective and much safer.
This book splits up the action into stories of problems, the solutions, and then the better future we can reach.
Part I Diagnosis o Riskier than you think
2 We don't know what we don't know
15(10)
For thousands of years, healthcare was held back because we couldn't see and didn't understand the germs making us ill.
Today, healthcare is being held back because we don't see computer bugs, and we don't understand the risks caused by them.
3 Cat Thinking
25(8)
Cat Thinking explains our love of all things digital.
Our hormone-driven love of technology overrides objective thinking.
Thinking that computers are wonderful, we feel we don't need to worry about looking for rigorous evidence that they are safe and effective.
4 Dogs dancing
33(16)
Look carefully for them, and you'll uncover lots of stories of digital healthcare bugs.
This chapter has lots of examples of buggy digital health.
5 Fatal overdose
49(12)
Denise Melanson died after a calculation error that led to a drug overdose.
What can we learn from the incident?
6 Swiss Cheese
61(8)
Swiss Cheese famously has holes, which can represent the holes and oversights that lead to harm.
The Swiss Cheese Model has become a powerful way to help think more clearly about errors and harm.
7 Victims and second victims
69(12)
When patients are harmed, staff often get blamed -especially when nobody realizes how digital systems can go wrong and create the problems.
8 Side effects and scandals
81(28)
We accept that medical interventions like drugs and X-rays have side effects.
It makes a lot of sense to think of digital healthcare as having side effects too, and therefore it should be evaluated and regulated as carefully.
9 The scale of the problem
109(12)
We don't know how many people are dying or being harmed from errors in healthcare, let alone those caused by digital errors.
What are the facts, and what can we do about it?
10 Medical apps and bug blocking
121(16)
Medical apps are very popular, but they are as prone to bugs as any other digital system.
This chapter gives some typical examples and begins to suggest solutions.
Like all digital healthcare, apps could be designed to block bugs and avoid the harms that follow.
Part II Treatment: Finding solutions
11 Cars are safer
137(8)
The car industry has made cars much safer since the 1960s.
What can we learn from car safety and from why car safety improved to help improve the safety of digital healthcare?
12 Safety Two
145(6)
Focusing on the bad stuff is the traditional Safety One approach.
Safety One is unconstructive.
Instead, Safety Two means focusing on doing more good.
Safety Two emphasizes doing more good things and therefore squeezes out the bad things.
13 Computational Thinking
151(26)
There's a lot more to digital health than being excited about digital computing.
We need to learn how to think computationally to take full advantage of digital.
Computational Thinking is the mature way to think about computing - and digital healthcare.
(Don't forget that the computer chip ere' means that this is a more technical chapter.)
14 Risky calculations
177(16)
Drug doses and other forms of patient treatment require detailed calculations.
Calculation errors are one of the most common types of error and they could be reduced in many ways.
Calculators themselves ignore errors, and they should be fixed if they are going to be used in healthcare.
15 Who's accountable?
193(8)
Software warranties generally deny all liability for problems.
Manufacturers and developers should be required to be more accountable.
Everyone needs to be constantly curious about improving systems and reporting problems.
16 Regulation needs fixing
201(10)
Digital healthcare needs much better regulation - and regulation needs to keep up with the unique issues of digital healthcare.
Better regulation is a Safety Two approach: regulate for better processes to stop things going wrong.
17 Safe and secure
211(14)
Cybersecurity is a serious problem for all computers and digital systems.
In healthcare, patient safety is paramount, but in the wider world, security has a higher profile than safety.
Both have problems caused by poor programming and all the design and development processes that precede actual coding.
18 Who profits?
225(20)
Who is profiting from our data? Is Artificial Intelligence (Al) the solution to better healthcare?
19 Interoperability
245(14)
Interoperability - or, rather, lack of interoperability - is a besetting problem in healthcare.
We need digital to work seamlessly - to interoperate - across all specialties, disciplines, and healthcare institutions (taking due account of privacy, cybersecurity, and so on).
It requires new thinking to get there.
20 Human Factors
259(18)
Understanding how humans make mistakes in predictable ways is the first step towards making fewer mistakes.
This applies to clinicians, and most especially to programmers whose mistakes end up as bugs affecting thousands of users.
21 Computer Factors
277(24)
Understanding how computers can avoid bugs and mistakes is the first step toward programming safer and more dependable systems.
This chapter introduces some important software engineering ideas that can help make safer digital systems.
22 User Centered Design
301(12)
However good a computer system is, it still needs to do what's needed - not what we think is needed.
User Centered Design finds out how people really use systems, and how to improve their experience and reliability.
23 Iterative Design
313(12)
User Centered Design means finding out how systems are used with their real users doing real tasks.
The insights from working with users leads to design insights and ways to improve the systems.
These ideas are formalized in the important idea of iterative design.
24 Wedge Thinking
325(12)
Developers and programmers need no qualifications to develop digital healthcare systems.
We need to develop a qualification structure for digital healthcare, and do much more research on digital safety.
Both will have a huge impact on frontline safety.
25 Attention to detail
337(10)
Why is poor-quality software so widespread? Simple bugs might seem trivial, but they are very common and don't help patient safety - they make everyone inefficient and error-prone, if nothing else.
Health would improve if we paid attention to digital details.
26 Planes are safer
347(20)
Aviation safety relies on getting very complex engineering right, and it's getting safer and safer.
What can digital healthcare learn from aviation and aviation engineering?
27 Stories for developers
367(16)
We should program better so that digital healthcare gets safer, which is a Safety Two approach.
Formal Methods is widely used in safety-critical industries, but not often enough in healthcare.
Here's why Formal Methods is needed, and how it works.
28 Finding bugs
383(18)
Although it helps everything else, Formal Methods isn't enough on its own.
Thorough testing is essential to ensure things really work well, especially when things are going to be used in complex environments like healthcare.
29 Choose safety
401(16)
Let's have a reliable way of clearly seeing how safe systems are, so that we can make choices based on evidence and improve safety.
Part III Prognosis: A better future
30 Signs of life
417(20)
We've emphasized problems and solutions to problems, but of course digital can do some fantastic things too.
This chapter collects some positive stories about digital successes and how digital can transform lives.
31 The pivotal pandemic?
437(18)
The horrific COVID-19 pandemic has forced healthcare systems to innovate in digital health.
Some changes have been amazing, liberating patients, and protecting healthcare staff - but some have been rather worrying.
What can we learn?
32 Living happily ever after
455(16)
There's a future world where digital healthcare works, and works well.
Here's how to get there.
33 Good reading
471(26)
This book isn't the end of the story about digital healthcare, and its problems and solutions.
This chapter on recommended reading gives lots of suggestions to help take your thinking further.
34 Notes
497(56)
Supporting this book are over 500 notes and references on digital healthcare and patient safety incidents.
These notes cover media stories, peer-reviewed cutting-edge research, as well as national and international reports.
Notes in bold are especially good sources for further reading.
35 Healthcare openness and acknowledgments
553(4)
Traditional healthcare views of confidentiality are challenged by digital healthcare.
This chapter also includes heartfelt thanks to all the patients and healthcare staff and others who've told their stories and brought this book to life.
Harold Thimbleby 557(2)
Fonts for cancer 559(2)
Index 561
Prof Harold Thimbleby is See Change Fellow in Digital Health, based at Swansea University, Wales. He is Expert Advisor on IT to the Royal College of Physicians, a member of the World Health Organization's Patient Safety Network, and an advisor to the Clinical Human Factors Group and to the UK Medicines Healthcare products Regulatory Agency (MHRA).

Although a professor of computer science, he is an Honorary Fellow of the Royal College of Physicians, the Edinburgh Royal College of Physicians, and of the Royal Society of Arts; he's also a fellow of the Royal Society of Medicine. He has been a Royal Society-Wolfson Research Merit Award Holder and a Leverhulme Trust Senior Research Fellow, and he is 28th Gresham Professor of Geometry. Harold won the British Computer Society's Wilkes Medal and his last book, Press On: Principles of Interaction Programming (MIT Press), won several international awards.