| Acknowledgments |
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ix | |
| Introduction |
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xi | |
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1 The physiology of writing |
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1 | (26) |
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Handwriting rules of execution |
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1 | (5) |
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Seven physiological principles of handwriting |
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6 | (6) |
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Factors influencing letter formation |
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12 | (9) |
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Psychopathological factors |
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21 | (3) |
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Natural and automatic writing |
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24 | (1) |
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25 | (1) |
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25 | (2) |
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27 | (18) |
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Definition of handwriting systems |
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27 | (6) |
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Examples of the different systems |
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33 | (1) |
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The teaching of systems and their influence--Results of a study |
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34 | (9) |
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43 | (1) |
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43 | (2) |
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45 | (16) |
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Definition of class characteristics |
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45 | (6) |
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How are letters constructed? |
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51 | (5) |
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How are letters connected? |
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56 | (1) |
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57 | (1) |
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58 | (1) |
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59 | (1) |
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59 | (2) |
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4 Individuality and individual characteristics |
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61 | (16) |
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61 | (5) |
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Influence on letter construction |
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66 | (4) |
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Influence on connecting strokes |
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70 | (2) |
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Influence on beginning and ending strokes |
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72 | (2) |
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74 | (1) |
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75 | (1) |
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76 | (1) |
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5 Characteristics, qualities, and features of writing |
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77 | (12) |
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78 | (8) |
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86 | (2) |
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88 | (1) |
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88 | (1) |
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6 Relative speed of writing |
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89 | (18) |
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Definition of relative speed of writing |
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89 | (10) |
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99 | (6) |
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105 | (2) |
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7 Ratios--Relative relationships |
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107 | (22) |
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107 | (15) |
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Relative height relationship between letters |
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122 | (1) |
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The relative relationship between individual letter height and width |
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122 | (3) |
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Relative relationship between letter(s) and baseline |
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125 | (1) |
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Relative placement habits |
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126 | (2) |
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128 | (1) |
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128 | (1) |
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128 | (1) |
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8 Beginning, connecting, and ending strokes |
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129 | (14) |
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9 Writing instruments and their influence |
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143 | (6) |
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Their influence on how a person writes |
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143 | (3) |
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Signs of pen movement and stroke direction |
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146 | (3) |
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10 Some general observations about handwriting identification |
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149 | (22) |
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149 | (3) |
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152 | (1) |
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Terms--Questioned and sample |
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153 | (1) |
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Major principles of handwriting and hand printing identification |
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154 | (14) |
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168 | (1) |
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169 | (1) |
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169 | (2) |
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11 The process of comparison |
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171 | (42) |
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Some characteristics, qualities, and features considered |
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180 | (12) |
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What procedure do I follow? |
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192 | (4) |
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196 | (5) |
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Discussion of Q-1 and the specimen writing |
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201 | (9) |
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210 | (1) |
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211 | (1) |
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211 | (2) |
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213 | (20) |
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216 | (4) |
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220 | (8) |
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228 | (3) |
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231 | (2) |
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13 Abnormal/disguised writing |
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233 | (14) |
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The different types and their causes |
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233 | (9) |
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How to recognize disguised writing |
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242 | (2) |
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Suggestions on what to do if the writer is disguising their writing |
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244 | (1) |
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245 | (1) |
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246 | (1) |
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14 Obtaining handwriting samples |
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247 | (24) |
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247 | (1) |
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Sample or specimen writing |
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248 | (1) |
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Requested samples: Procedures, forms, London letter, etc. |
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249 | (1) |
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250 | (1) |
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General handwriting and handprinting forms |
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251 | (1) |
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251 | (2) |
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The effect of space limitations on writing |
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253 | (1) |
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Obtaining requested handwriting specimens |
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254 | (3) |
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Collected samples: Sources, cautions, etc. |
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257 | (2) |
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What are the investigator's responsibilities |
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259 | (1) |
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Legal aspects of obtaining handwriting samples |
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260 | (1) |
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How to use standard handwriting specimen forms |
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261 | (3) |
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Appendix 14.1 Cursive handwriting form |
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264 | (2) |
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Appendix 14.2 Handprinting form |
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266 | (2) |
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Appendix 14.3 Check format form |
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268 | (1) |
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Appendix 14.4 The London letter form |
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269 | (1) |
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Appendix 14.5 Handwriting sample form (Signatures) |
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270 | (1) |
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15 Submitting a questioned document case to the laboratory |
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271 | (12) |
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What should be submitted to the laboratory? |
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271 | (8) |
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What laboratories are available |
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279 | (1) |
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279 | (1) |
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Preservation and storage of evidence before sending it to the laboratory |
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280 | (1) |
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Preparing a work request for the laboratory |
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280 | (2) |
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282 | (1) |
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16 What does the examiner's report say? |
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283 | (14) |
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283 | (1) |
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283 | (1) |
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Opinion terminology - What does it mean? |
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283 | (4) |
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287 | (2) |
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289 | (1) |
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How does the forensic document examiner testify in court? |
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289 | (7) |
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296 | (1) |
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296 | (1) |
| Index |
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297 | |
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