Contributors |
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xxi | |
About the Editors |
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xxiii | |
Part I Fundamentals of art therapy: Prepping the canvas |
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1 History, profession, and ethics of art therapy |
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3 | (1) |
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4 | (2) |
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6 | (15) |
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Developments in psychology |
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7 | (1) |
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8 | (1) |
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9 | (1) |
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The emergence of art therapy in the United States |
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9 | (8) |
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The emergence of art therapy in the United Kingdom |
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17 | (1) |
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The emergence of art therapy in Canada |
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18 | (1) |
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The emergence of art therapy in Australia |
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19 | (1) |
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The emergence of art therapy in Israel |
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19 | (1) |
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The emergence of art therapy throughout Asia |
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20 | (1) |
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Art therapy today: A brief overview of recent trends |
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20 | (1) |
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Professional associations |
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21 | (2) |
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The American Art Therapy Association (AATA) |
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21 | (1) |
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The British Association of Art Therapists (BART) |
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22 | (1) |
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The Canadian Art Therapy Association (CATA-ACAT) |
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22 | (1) |
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The Australian, New Zealand, and Asian Creative Arts Therapies Association (ANZACATA) |
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22 | (1) |
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International Expressive Arts Therapy Association (IEATA) |
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22 | (1) |
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23 | (1) |
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Ethical principles for art therapists (AATA) |
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24 | (1) |
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Case study: The art therapist and the board member |
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25 | (1) |
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The profession of art therapy |
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26 | (1) |
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Art experientials and reflection questions |
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26 | (1) |
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27 | (1) |
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27 | (1) |
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27 | (1) |
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27 | (1) |
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28 | (4) |
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2 Understanding media: Laying the groundwork for art-making |
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32 | (1) |
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32 | (13) |
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Ancient media, ancient practice |
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32 | (1) |
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33 | (4) |
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Media selection and interaction |
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37 | (8) |
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45 | (27) |
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45 | (4) |
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49 | (4) |
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53 | (3) |
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56 | (3) |
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59 | (3) |
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62 | (1) |
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63 | (1) |
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64 | (5) |
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Technology-based media: Photography and digital art |
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69 | (3) |
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72 | (1) |
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Art experientials and reflection questions |
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72 | (1) |
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73 | (1) |
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74 | (1) |
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75 | (1) |
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75 | (7) |
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3 Multicultural and diversity perspectives in art therapy: Transforming image into substance |
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82 | (1) |
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82 | (2) |
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United States demographics: The changing face of America |
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84 | (1) |
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Understanding culture, race, and ethnicity in the United States |
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85 | (2) |
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Demographic trends and population projections in the United States |
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87 | (1) |
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Demographic trends in other multicultural populations in the United States |
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87 | (4) |
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Sexual orientation and gender identity |
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87 | (1) |
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Income inequality and poverty |
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88 | (2) |
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90 | (1) |
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90 | (1) |
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Sociopolitical barriers to equality and equity |
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91 | (2) |
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91 | (1) |
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91 | (1) |
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92 | (1) |
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92 | (1) |
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Advocacy for social equality and equity in America |
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93 | (1) |
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The Civil Rights Movement |
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93 | (1) |
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The Women's Rights Movement |
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94 | (1) |
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95 | (1) |
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Cultural pluralism in America |
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95 | (1) |
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Culturally responsive art therapy practice in America |
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96 | (1) |
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Cultural identity in the United States |
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96 | (1) |
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Cultural identity development in the United States |
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97 | (5) |
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Racial, ethnic, cultural identity development in people of color |
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97 | (1) |
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White racial identity development |
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98 | (2) |
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Sexual identity development |
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100 | (2) |
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Intersectionality in the United States |
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102 | (1) |
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Cultural dimensions in clinical assessment |
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102 | (4) |
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Addressing cultural influences |
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103 | (1) |
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Sexual orientation: Coming out |
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104 | (1) |
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Gender identity and sexuality |
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104 | (2) |
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Cultural dimensions in clinical practice |
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106 | (5) |
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Diversity, equity, and inclusion (DE&I) |
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106 | (1) |
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Multicultural and diversity competence |
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107 | (1) |
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107 | (1) |
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108 | (1) |
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108 | (1) |
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109 | (1) |
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110 | (1) |
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110 | (1) |
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Transforming image into substance |
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111 | (1) |
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112 | (1) |
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Art experientials and reflection questions |
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113 | (3) |
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Self-assessment of identity privilege |
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113 | (1) |
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Art experiential: Exploring gender identity and sexuality through portraiture and mixed media |
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114 | (1) |
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Assessment of multicultural and diversity competence in art therapy |
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115 | (1) |
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116 | (1) |
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117 | (1) |
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118 | (5) |
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4 Intersections of neuroscience and art therapy |
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123 | (1) |
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How did humans start to make art? |
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124 | (1) |
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Introduction to neuroscience |
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125 | (1) |
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126 | (1) |
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How do the nervous system and brain work? |
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127 | (2) |
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How do neurons communicate? |
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129 | (1) |
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Neural communication and implications for art therapy: Case of multiple sclerosis |
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130 | (1) |
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Neural communication and implications for art therapy: Neuroplasticity |
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131 | (3) |
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Synaptic plasticity and art therapy |
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132 | (2) |
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134 | (1) |
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Brain regions and the expressive therapies continuum |
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135 | (1) |
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Shift from brain regions to networks |
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136 | (3) |
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139 | (1) |
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Vision is a central sense for humans |
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139 | (1) |
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Art-making, the eye, and the brain |
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140 | (1) |
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141 | (4) |
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The visual cortex and the processing streams |
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145 | (1) |
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Vision and implications for art-making and art therapy |
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146 | (1) |
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Connecting our understanding of vision to learning how to draw |
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147 | (2) |
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Additional art therapy research and connections to neuroscience |
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149 | (1) |
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EEG, art materials, and the brain |
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149 | (1) |
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149 | (1) |
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Brain scans and art therapy |
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150 | (1) |
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New Technology for Measuring the effects of art therapy |
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151 | (1) |
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152 | (1) |
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152 | (1) |
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Resources for further exploration |
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153 | (1) |
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153 | (1) |
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154 | (6) |
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5 Approaches to research in art therapy |
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160 | (1) |
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160 | (1) |
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Developing a research study |
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161 | (3) |
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Historical overview of art therapy research |
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164 | (1) |
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Art therapy research today |
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165 | (1) |
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Research paradigms (worldview) relevant for art therapy |
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166 | (2) |
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Types of research methods used in art therapy |
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168 | (15) |
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Qualitative approaches in art therapy research |
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171 | (3) |
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Quantitative approaches in art therapy research |
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174 | (3) |
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Mixed methods approach in art therapy research |
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177 | (2) |
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Participatory research approaches |
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179 | (1) |
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Indigenous and traditional voices incorporated in art therapy research |
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179 | (1) |
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Arts-based research approach |
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180 | (2) |
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Program evaluation as an approach to bridge art therapy practice and research |
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182 | (1) |
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The role of ethics review and institutional review boards |
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183 | (2) |
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Implications and future directions for research in art therapy |
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185 | (2) |
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187 | (1) |
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Chapter reflection questions |
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188 | (1) |
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188 | (1) |
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189 | (8) |
Part II Theoretical orientations: Gathering the tools |
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6 Overview of theoretical orientations |
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197 | (3) |
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200 | (1) |
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Psychodynamic approaches in art therapy |
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201 | (1) |
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Psychoanalytic and psychodynamic art therapy |
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201 | (1) |
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201 | (1) |
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Behavioral approaches in art therapy |
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202 | (2) |
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Cognitive behavior art therapy |
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203 | (1) |
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Other behavioral approaches |
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203 | (1) |
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Humanistic approaches in art therapy |
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204 | (2) |
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204 | (1) |
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Person-centered art therapy |
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204 | (1) |
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204 | (1) |
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Transpersonal art therapy |
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205 | (1) |
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Case conceptualization and treatment planning |
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206 | (1) |
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206 | (1) |
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206 | (1) |
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207 | (1) |
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Art experientials and reflection questions |
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208 | (1) |
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208 | (1) |
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208 | (1) |
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209 | (3) |
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7 Psychoanalytic and Jungian approaches to art therapy |
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212 | (1) |
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Authors' approach to this chapter |
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212 | (1) |
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213 | (1) |
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Freud's psychoanalytic theory |
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214 | (8) |
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214 | (2) |
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216 | (1) |
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216 | (2) |
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Methods in psychoanalytic art therapy: Scribble drawing |
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218 | (2) |
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Cultural context and author's personal experience |
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220 | (2) |
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Jungian and analytic approaches |
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222 | (6) |
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223 | (1) |
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224 | (2) |
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226 | (1) |
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Methods in Jungian art therapy |
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227 | (1) |
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227 | (1) |
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227 | (1) |
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228 | (2) |
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230 | (1) |
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231 | (1) |
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231 | (1) |
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231 | (1) |
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231 | (1) |
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232 | (3) |
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8 Humanistic approaches to art therapy: Existentialism, person-centered, and gestalt |
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235 | (1) |
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Existential psychotherapy |
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236 | (7) |
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Historical background of existential philosophy |
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236 | (1) |
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Contemporary existential theory |
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237 | (3) |
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240 | (3) |
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Summary: Existential art therapy |
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243 | (1) |
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243 | (6) |
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Person-centered therapy in contemporary practice |
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245 | (1) |
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Person-centered art therapy |
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246 | (2) |
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Summary: Person-centered art therapy |
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248 | (1) |
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249 | (3) |
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Gestalt therapy in contemporary practice |
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250 | (1) |
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251 | (1) |
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Summary: Gestalt art therapy |
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252 | (1) |
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Humanistic approaches to art therapy in cross-cultural contexts |
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252 | (1) |
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253 | (1) |
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254 | (1) |
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Art experiential and reflection questions |
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254 | (1) |
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254 | (1) |
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255 | (1) |
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255 | (5) |
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9 Using art to think and rethink: Cognitive-behavior therapy from behaviorism through the third wave |
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260 | (1) |
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260 | (2) |
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The first wave: Behaviorism |
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262 | (1) |
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Behavior therapy and art therapy |
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262 | (6) |
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A bridge to the second wave: Personal construct theory and art therapy |
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265 | (3) |
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268 | (6) |
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The six-step CBAT process |
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269 | (2) |
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271 | (2) |
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273 | (1) |
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The third wave: Mindfulness |
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274 | (1) |
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Mindfulness-based stress reduction |
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275 | (2) |
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Integrating art therapy with MBSR |
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275 | (2) |
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Dialectical behavior therapy (DBT) |
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277 | (3) |
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278 | (1) |
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Structure of the sessions |
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278 | (1) |
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Suggestions for DBAT practice |
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279 | (1) |
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Acceptance and commitment therapy |
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280 | (1) |
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280 | (1) |
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280 | (1) |
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281 | (1) |
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281 | (2) |
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Art experientials and reflection questions |
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283 | (1) |
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283 | (1) |
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283 | (1) |
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284 | (8) |
Part III Art therapy with specific populations: Painting the picture |
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10 Child development and artistic development in art therapy |
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292 | (1) |
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292 | (1) |
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Understanding child development |
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292 | (2) |
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294 | (1) |
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294 | (1) |
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Social emotional development |
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295 | (1) |
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295 | (1) |
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Developmental psychology theories |
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296 | (5) |
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296 | (3) |
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299 | (2) |
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Artistic development in children |
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301 | (18) |
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Viktor Lowenfeld 1903-1960 |
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302 | (9) |
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Claire Golomb 1928-present |
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311 | (5) |
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316 | (2) |
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Judith A. Rubin 1936-present |
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318 | (1) |
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Additional theories of artistic development |
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319 | (1) |
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Conclusions and comparisons |
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319 | (2) |
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Developmental art therapy with children |
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321 | (2) |
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Goals of developmental art therapy |
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323 | (1) |
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An art therapist's approach |
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323 | (1) |
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324 | (4) |
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324 | (2) |
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326 | (1) |
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326 | (2) |
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328 | (1) |
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Exhibiting artwork from a developmental art therapy group |
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328 | (1) |
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329 | (1) |
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Nurturing development through art |
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330 | (1) |
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330 | (1) |
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Art experientials and reflection questions |
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331 | (1) |
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332 | (1) |
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332 | (1) |
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332 | (4) |
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11 Art therapy for psychological disorders and mental health |
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336 | (1) |
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336 | (1) |
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337 | (1) |
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History and development of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders |
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338 | (6) |
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339 | (5) |
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Early understanding of mental illness through art |
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344 | (5) |
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Medicine and art: Physiognomy |
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344 | (3) |
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Psychiatrists, psychiatric institutions, and art |
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347 | (1) |
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348 | (1) |
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Art therapy's role in improving mental health |
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349 | (17) |
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How does art therapy help with mental health? |
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350 | (3) |
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Art therapy for specific psychological disorders |
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353 | (13) |
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Art therapy and mental health recovery treatment settings |
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366 | (4) |
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Art therapy in psychiatric (also called behavioral health) unit or hospital settings |
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367 | (1) |
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Art therapy in respite/residential care |
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367 | (1) |
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Art therapy in partial hospitalization/day treatment programs |
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368 | (1) |
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Art therapy in dual diagnosis treatment centers |
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368 | (1) |
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Art therapy in medical settings |
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368 | (1) |
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Art therapy in community mental health centers |
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369 | (1) |
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Art therapy in private practice settings and university counseling centers |
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369 | (1) |
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Art therapy and teletherapy |
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369 | (1) |
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370 | (1) |
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Art experientials and reflection questions |
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370 | (1) |
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371 | (1) |
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371 | (1) |
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371 | (1) |
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371 | (1) |
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372 | (1) |
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372 | (7) |
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12 Art therapy and older adults |
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379 | (1) |
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380 | (2) |
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382 | (1) |
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382 | (2) |
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Imagine you are an art therapist working with older adults. What would you do if your client(s)... |
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383 | (1) |
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Consider the following scenarios; how might these scenarios influence a person's experience of aging? |
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384 | (1) |
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384 | (3) |
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Settings where art therapists work with older adults |
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387 | (4) |
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389 | (2) |
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391 | (1) |
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392 | (6) |
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392 | (1) |
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393 | (2) |
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395 | (1) |
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395 | (1) |
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396 | (2) |
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Medical awareness with older adult clients |
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398 | (3) |
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401 | (1) |
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Retirement and other life transitions |
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401 | (1) |
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Hope, resilience, and opportunity in later life |
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402 | (4) |
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406 | (1) |
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Art experientials and reflection questions |
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407 | (1) |
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408 | (1) |
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408 | (1) |
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408 | (1) |
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408 | (1) |
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409 | (5) |
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13 Art therapy for trauma recovery and response |
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414 | (1) |
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414 | (1) |
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Why is learning about trauma important? |
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415 | (1) |
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415 | (9) |
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416 | (1) |
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Reactive attachment disorder |
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417 | (1) |
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Disinhibited social engagement disorder |
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417 | (1) |
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Posttraumatic stress disorder |
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418 | (1) |
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419 | (1) |
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419 | (1) |
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420 | (1) |
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The effects of trauma on the brain |
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420 | (1) |
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Preparing to provide services to clients with trauma |
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421 | (1) |
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How can art therapy help with trauma? |
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422 | (2) |
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Art therapy, trauma treatment, and the brain |
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424 | (1) |
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Integrating art therapy with other therapeutic approaches to trauma |
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424 | (5) |
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425 | (1) |
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Forward-facing trauma therapy |
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426 | (1) |
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Cognitive behavioral therapy |
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426 | (2) |
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Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing |
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428 | (1) |
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Emotional freedom technique |
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429 | (1) |
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Focus oriented art therapy |
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429 | (1) |
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Children and adolescents in trauma treatment |
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429 | (3) |
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Case example: Art therapy intervention in school |
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430 | (2) |
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Art therapy in response to disaster and tragedy |
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432 | (3) |
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433 | (1) |
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433 | (1) |
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Example of art therapy approaches to disasters |
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433 | (2) |
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Managing wellness while helping others |
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435 | (5) |
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435 | (2) |
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437 | (1) |
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437 | (3) |
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440 | (1) |
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Art experientials and reflection questions |
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440 | (1) |
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440 | (1) |
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440 | (1) |
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441 | (1) |
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441 | (1) |
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442 | (9) |
Part IV Profession of art therapy: Exhibiting the work |
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14 Beginning concepts of group work |
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451 | (1) |
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Understanding and defining a group |
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452 | (9) |
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453 | (2) |
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455 | (2) |
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457 | (1) |
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Stages of group development |
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458 | (1) |
|
Group art facilitation and group art therapy |
|
|
459 | (2) |
|
|
461 | (3) |
|
Group art therapy approaches |
|
|
464 | (1) |
|
Studio or community-based approach |
|
|
464 | (1) |
|
Theme or task-focused approach |
|
|
464 | (1) |
|
Process-oriented approach |
|
|
465 | (1) |
|
Therapeutic factors of group work |
|
|
465 | (4) |
|
|
469 | (2) |
|
|
470 | (1) |
|
Interpersonal communication |
|
|
470 | (1) |
|
|
470 | (1) |
|
Limitations of group work |
|
|
470 | (1) |
|
Multicultural competence and cultural humility |
|
|
471 | (2) |
|
|
473 | (6) |
|
|
474 | (2) |
|
Listening skills and being present |
|
|
476 | (1) |
|
|
477 | (2) |
|
Student group art collaborations |
|
|
479 | (5) |
|
|
480 | (2) |
|
|
482 | (2) |
|
Group work example in art therapy |
|
|
484 | (2) |
|
|
486 | (1) |
|
Art experientials and reflection questions |
|
|
486 | (1) |
|
|
487 | (1) |
|
|
487 | (1) |
|
|
487 | (6) |
|
15 Community-based art therapy and community arts |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
493 | (1) |
|
What is community-based art therapy? |
|
|
494 | (4) |
|
Thinking together: An invitation to a conversation |
|
|
494 | (1) |
|
The scope of community-based art therapy |
|
|
495 | (1) |
|
|
495 | (1) |
|
|
496 | (2) |
|
Community-based art therapy and community arts |
|
|
498 | (4) |
|
|
498 | (1) |
|
|
499 | (1) |
|
Unique fit: Art therapist in the community setting |
|
|
500 | (2) |
|
Why are community-based art therapy and community arts important? |
|
|
502 | (2) |
|
Historical approaches and theoretical approaches |
|
|
504 | (5) |
|
Historical art therapy foundations |
|
|
504 | (3) |
|
Nonart therapy theoretical foundations and concepts |
|
|
507 | (2) |
|
Community-based arts programs: Shared roles and responsibilities |
|
|
509 | (5) |
|
Specialized preparation and training |
|
|
510 | (1) |
|
|
510 | (1) |
|
|
511 | (1) |
|
|
512 | (1) |
|
|
512 | (1) |
|
|
513 | (1) |
|
|
513 | (1) |
|
|
513 | (1) |
|
|
513 | (1) |
|
|
514 | (1) |
|
|
514 | (1) |
|
Donations and fundraising |
|
|
514 | (1) |
|
|
515 | (1) |
|
|
515 | (1) |
|
Community-based art therapy settings |
|
|
516 | (9) |
|
|
516 | (2) |
|
Community-based art programs for people with disabilities |
|
|
518 | (2) |
|
|
520 | (1) |
|
|
520 | (2) |
|
|
522 | (2) |
|
Social media and virtual community-based art therapy and arts programs |
|
|
524 | (1) |
|
Examples of social practice art |
|
|
525 | (3) |
|
|
525 | (1) |
|
|
526 | (1) |
|
|
527 | (1) |
|
|
528 | (2) |
|
|
530 | (1) |
|
|
530 | (1) |
|
|
531 | (1) |
|
|
531 | (1) |
|
|
532 | (11) |
|
16 Pathways to developing a career in art therapy |
|
|
|
|
|
543 | (1) |
|
|
544 | (6) |
|
How do I begin as I consider a career pathway in art therapy and how do I know if the field is right for me? |
|
|
546 | (4) |
|
Art therapy moving forward |
|
|
550 | (1) |
|
Characteristics of a successful art therapist |
|
|
551 | (2) |
|
|
553 | (3) |
|
Educational preparation of the art therapist |
|
|
556 | (7) |
|
|
563 | (1) |
|
Hidden costs of being an art therapist |
|
|
564 | (5) |
|
Career options in fields closely related to art therapy-Options to pursue a related master's degree or to begin to work with a bachelor's |
|
|
569 | (3) |
|
|
572 | (1) |
|
Art experientials and reflection questions |
|
|
572 | (1) |
|
|
573 | (1) |
|
|
574 | (1) |
|
|
574 | (3) |
Index |
|
577 | |