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E-grāmata: Foundations of Behavior Genetics

(University of Nebraska, Lincoln)
  • Formāts: EPUB+DRM
  • Izdošanas datums: 07-Jul-2022
  • Izdevniecība: Cambridge University Press
  • Valoda: eng
  • ISBN-13: 9781108858366
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Foundations of Behavior GeneticsPalielināt
  • Formāts: EPUB+DRM
  • Izdošanas datums: 07-Jul-2022
  • Izdevniecība: Cambridge University Press
  • Valoda: eng
  • ISBN-13: 9781108858366
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Understanding the role of genetic differences in individual differences in behavior is one of the most complex problems in science. This textbook presents the concepts, methods, and findings of behavior genetics to advanced undergraduate psychology majors, focusing on behaviors and behavioral disorders of interest to psychology students.

Foundations of Behavior Genetics provides a forward-looking introduction to this fascinating field. Written by an experienced teacher and researcher, this text focuses on concepts, methods, and findings that inform our understanding of heredity–behavior relations. The book's neuroscience perspective asks students to think about potential neural mechanisms involved in pathways from genes to behavior. While the text is primarily focused on human behavior genetics, it also emphasizes the importance of non-human animal models in experimental studies, as well as their evolutionary connections to humans. Part I covers the history of behavior genetics and the basics of non-molecular genetics; Part II discusses molecular genetics and neurogenetics; Part III addresses various behavioral disorders; and Part IV explores health, social behavior, and ethical implications. The text includes detailed chapter summaries, several “Check-up” questions after major sections that test student understanding, and recommended readings. Instructors are provided with a test bank of multiple-choice items and hi-res JPEGs of the many illustrations created for the book.

Recenzijas

'A highly accessible text that covers some of the most interesting, and relevant, areas of this ever-evolving field of study. Great balance of historical perspective mixed with some of the most contemporary research. Tailor-made for introducing students to the field of behavior genetics.' Terrence Bazzett, SUNY Geneseo

Papildus informācija

This text is a current, comprehensive introduction to the link between genes and behavior.
List of Figures
xiv
List of Tables
xviii
List of Boxes
xix
Preface xxi
Acknowledgments xxiii
Part I Fundamentals
1 Introduction to Behavior Genetics
3(22)
1.1 A Brief History of Behavior Genetics
3(7)
1.2 Behavior Genetics Focuses on Understanding Individual Differences in Behavior
10(3)
1.3 Pathways from Genes to Behaviors Cross Levels of Analysis
13(3)
1.4 Non-Human Animal Models Are Essential in Behavior Genetics
16(4)
1.5 Ethical Oversight of Behavior Genetic Research Is Necessary
20(2)
1.6 Summary
22(3)
Recommended Reading
22(1)
References
23(2)
2 Mendelian Genetics
25(21)
2.1 Developments in Science, Agriculture, and Medicine Set the Stage for Understanding Heredity
25(1)
2.2 Early Thinking about Generation
26(3)
2.3 Gregor Mendel: Early Depression and Failures
29(1)
2.4 Experimental Hybridization Was the Key
30(2)
2.5 Mendel's Law of Segregation Describes Inheritance of a Single Locus
32(3)
2.6 Mendel's Law of Independent Assortment Describes Inheritance of Multiple Loci
35(1)
2.7 Mendel's Laws Are Used to Map Relative Positions of Genes on Chromosomes
36(6)
2.8 Mendelian Disorders in Humans Are Caused by Variants in Single Genes
42(2)
2.9 Summary
44(2)
Recommended Reading
45(1)
References
45(1)
3 Heritability
46(27)
3.1 Genetic Factors That Affect Quantitative Traits Are Inherited in Mendelian Fashion
46(2)
3.2 Phenotypic Variation in a Population May Be Due to Genetic and Environmental Sources
48(4)
3.3 Genetic Variance May Be Due to Polygenes, Dominance, and Epistatic Interactions
52(1)
3.4 There Are Many Sources of Environmental Variance
53(5)
3.5 Heritability Indexes Degree of Phenotypic Variance Due to Genetic Effects
58(8)
3.6 Beware of the Potential for Misunderstanding and Bias
66(1)
3.7 Summary
67(6)
Recommended Reading
68(1)
References
68(5)
Part II Molecules and Cells
4 Genes
73(21)
4.1 Chromosomes Carry Hereditary Material
73(4)
4.2 The Structure of DNA Determines Its Functions
77(3)
4.3 DNA Replication Involves Making Copies
80(1)
4.4 DNA Sequence Specifies Amino Acid Sequence in Proteins
81(4)
4.5 Epigenetic Processes Regulate Gene Expression
85(4)
4.6 What Is a Gene?
89(3)
4.7 Summary
92(2)
Recommended Reading
93(1)
References
93(1)
5 Genetic Variation
94(23)
5.1 There Are Different Types of Genetic Variation
94(5)
5.2 How Genetic Differences Play a Role in Phenotype Differences
99(3)
5.3 Assessing Genetic Variation
102(5)
5.4 Non-Experimental Methods: Testing Associations between Genetic Variants and Behavior
107(3)
5.5 Experimental Methods: Generating Genetic Variation
110(3)
5.6 The Human Genome Project Changed Biomedical Science
113(2)
5.7 Summary
115(2)
Recommended Reading
115(1)
References
116(1)
6 Neurogenetics
117(28)
6.1 Neurons Are Cells Specialized for Communication
117(5)
6.2 Genetic Variation for Neural Components Is Common
122(4)
6.3 Formation and Maintenance of Synapses and Circuits Depends on Genes
126(5)
6.4 Genetic Variation Affects Neural Activation Patterns
131(5)
6.5 Genetic Variation Can Moderate the Impact of Drugs on Neural Activity
136(4)
6.6 Summary
140(5)
Recommended Reading
140(1)
References
141(4)
Part III Behaviors and Behavioral Disorders
7 Serious Mental Illness
145(24)
7.1 Mental Illness and Its Impact
145(2)
7.2 Risk for Developing Mental Illness
147(2)
7.3 How Should Behavior Genetics Researchers Think About Mental Illness?
149(5)
7.4 Schizophrenia Signs, Symptoms, and Diagnostic Criteria
154(1)
7.5 Neurobiology of Schizophrenia
155(2)
7.6 Schizophrenia Genetics: Heritability
157(2)
7.7 Schizophrenia Genetics: Molecular Genetics
159(4)
7.8 Schizophrenia Genetics: Non-Human Animal Models
163(2)
7.9 Summary
165(4)
Recommended Reading
165(1)
References
166(3)
8 Learning and Memory
169(25)
8.1 Intelligence Is Indexed by IQ Tests
169(2)
8.2 Intellectual Disability Is a Developmental Disorder with Multiple Causes
171(6)
8.3 Learning Disorders Are Not Considered Intellectual Disabilities
177(2)
8.4 Memory Is a Crucial Aspect of Cognitive Ability
179(5)
8.5 Alzheimer Disease Is a Common Cause of Neurocognitive Disorder
184(5)
8.6 Summary
189(5)
Recommended Reading
190(1)
References
190(4)
9 Emotion and Depressive Disorders
194(28)
9.1 Emotions Prepare for Action and Communicate
194(2)
9.2 There Are Many Ways to Measure Emotion
196(3)
9.3 Emotion Regulation Difficulties May Lead to Psychopathology
199(2)
9.4 Mood Disorders Are Common, and Symptomatically Heterogeneous
201(3)
9.5 Prevalence and Symptoms of Depressive Disorders
204(2)
9.6 The Genetic Epidemiology of Depressive Disorders
206(2)
9.7 Efforts to Characterize Genetic Mechanisms of Depressive Disorders Are Ongoing
208(4)
9.8 Genetic Evidence from Non-Human Animal Models
212(4)
9.9 Summary
216(6)
Recommended Reading
217(1)
References
218(4)
10 Fear and Anxiety
222(26)
10.1 Fear and Anxiety Are Defensive Responses to Threats
222(3)
10.2 The Genetics of Fear and Anxiety in Mice
225(4)
10.3 Anxiety-Related Personality Traits as Phenotypes for Genetic Analysis
229(2)
10.4 Anxiety Disorders Are Common
231(3)
10.5 Anxiety Disorders Run in Families and Are Polygenic
234(3)
10.6 Obsessive--Compulsive and Related Disorders
237(3)
10.7 Trauma- and Stressor-Related Disorders
240(3)
10.8 Summary
243(5)
Recommended Reading
244(1)
References
244(4)
11 Addiction
248(31)
11.1 Addiction Is Characterized by Impaired Control Over Substance Use, Tolerance, and Withdrawal
248(6)
11.2 The Neurobiology of Addiction
254(3)
11.3 Non-Human Animal Models of Alcohol Use Disorder Genetics
257(5)
11.4 Alcohol-Related Traits and Alcohol Use Disorder Run in Families
262(3)
11.5 Alcohol Metabolism Genes Affect Risk for Alcohol Use Disorder
265(4)
11.6 There Are Many Genes That Contribute to Risk for Alcohol Use Disorder
269(4)
11.7 Summary
273(6)
Recommended Reading
273(1)
References
273(6)
Part IV Health, Social Behavior, and Implications
12 Eating and Exercising
279(27)
12.1 Eating and Exercising in Context
279(5)
12.2 Genetic Variation Partially Explains Risk for Obesity
284(5)
12.3 Genetic Variation Partially Explains Risk for Eating Disorders
289(7)
12.4 Exercise Motivation and Benefits Show Genetic Influence
296(5)
12.5 Summary
301(5)
Recommended Reading
302(1)
References
302(4)
13 Social Behavior
306(25)
13.1 Individual Differences in Social Behavior Are an Important Part of Life
306(3)
13.2 The Neurobiology of Social Behavior
309(2)
13.3 Individual Differences in Social Cognition and Sociability
311(3)
13.4 Affiliation and Attachment
314(6)
13.5 Sexual Behavior Circuits
320(4)
13.6 Aggression: Harming Someone Else
324(2)
13.7 Summary
326(5)
Recommended Reading
327(1)
References
327(4)
14 Behavior Genetics in Real Life
331(20)
14.1 Direct-to-Consumer Genetic Testing
331(6)
14.2 Precision Medicine for Mental Illness
337(3)
14.3 Behavior Genetics and the Justice System
340(3)
14.4 Designer Babies
343(2)
14.5 What Use Is Behavior Genetics?
345(3)
14.6 Summary
348(3)
Recommended Reading
349(1)
References
349(2)
15 Eugenics
351(21)
15.1 Social Darwinism
351(3)
15.2 Galton's Theory and Its Reception
354(2)
15.3 The Eugenics Records Office in the United States
356(3)
15.4 Involuntary Sterilization Laws and Immigration Policies
359(5)
15.5 America Exports Eugenics to Nazi Germany
364(2)
15.6 Race and Its Place in Behavior Genetics
366(3)
15.7 Summary
369(3)
Recommended Reading
370(1)
References
370(2)
Glossary 372(22)
Index 394
Professor Scott F. Stoltenberg has taught and conducted research at the University of Nebraska since 2009. He has previously taught at Black Hills State University and done research at the University of Michigan. He earned his BS from Saint John's University (MN) and his Ph.D. in Psychology from the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign. He has conducted behavior genetic research for more than three decades, first with fruit flies and then with human participants. He teaches courses in behavior genetics, addiction, and neuroscience.
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