Reservoir geophysics is one of the few earth sciences where fractal theory is only just being applied, and Dimri, Srivastava, and Vedanti (all National Geophysical Research Institute, Hyderabad, India) demonstrate such applications, with special reference to hydrocarbon reservoirs. The basics of reservoir engineering, including fluid flow and recovery, are reviewed for readers without that background. The other topics are applying fractals to gravity and magnetic data, structural modeling using fractals, fractal inversion, and seismic reservoir monitoring. Annotation ©2013 Book News, Inc., Portland, OR (booknews.com)
Researchers in the field of exploration geophysics have developed new methods for the acquisition, processing and interpretation of gravity and magnetic data, based on detailed investigations of bore wells around the globe. Fractal Models in Exploration Geophysics describes fractal-based models for characterizing these complex subsurface geological structures.
The authors introduce the inverse problem using a fractal approach which they then develop with the implementation of a global optimization algorithm for seismic data: very fast simulated annealing (VFSA). This approach provides high-resolution inverse modeling results-particularly useful for reservoir characterization.
* Serves as a valuable resource for researchers studying the application of fractals in exploration, and for practitioners directly applying field data for geo-modeling * Discusses the basic principles and practical applications of time-lapse seismic reservoir monitoring technology-application rapidly advancing topic * Provides the fundamentals for those interested in reservoir geophysics and reservoir simulation study * Demonstrates an example of reservoir simulation for enhanced oil recovery using CO2 injection
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A useful reference for geophysicists using fractal models in reservoir characterization and exploration
| Foreword |
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ix | |
| Preface |
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xi | |
| Acknowledgments |
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xiii | |
| Volume in Series |
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xv | |
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1 Introduction of Fractals: Application to Gravity and Magnetic Data |
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1 | (28) |
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1 | (1) |
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2 | (1) |
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1.3 Behavior of Physical Properties |
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2 | (3) |
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1.4 Interpretation of Gravity and Magnetic Data |
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5 | (1) |
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6 | (3) |
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1.6 Scaling Spectral Analysis |
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9 | (2) |
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1.7 Nonstationary Gravity and Magnetic Profiles |
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11 | (2) |
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1.8 Field Example: Kuppam--Palani, South India |
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13 | (5) |
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1.9 Characterization of Time Series for Fractal Behavior |
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18 | (1) |
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1.10 Simulation of One-Dimensional and Two-Dimensional Fractal Time/Space Series |
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18 | (5) |
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1.11 Examples: Synthesis of Fractal Time Series |
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23 | (1) |
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1.12 Fractal Dimension and Design of Geophysical Surveys |
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23 | (4) |
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27 | (2) |
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2 Structural Modeling Using Fractals |
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29 | (18) |
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29 | (1) |
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29 | (2) |
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2.3 Automated Perturbation of Model: Some Synthetic Examples |
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31 | (8) |
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2.4 Computation of Gravity Response: A Case Study |
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39 | (4) |
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43 | (4) |
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47 | (18) |
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47 | (2) |
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49 | (2) |
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3.3 Generation of Fractal-Based Initial Model |
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51 | (2) |
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3.4 Very Fast Simulated Annealing |
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53 | (2) |
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55 | (2) |
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3.6 Deterministic Inversion |
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57 | (2) |
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59 | (2) |
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61 | (4) |
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4 Seismic Reservoir Monitoring |
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65 | (24) |
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65 | (1) |
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66 | (3) |
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4.3 Changes Due to Pressure |
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69 | (4) |
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4.4 Acquisition of 4D Seismic Data |
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73 | (2) |
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75 | (2) |
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4.6 Processing of 4D Seismic Data |
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77 | (1) |
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4.7 Analysis of 4D Seismic Data |
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77 | (5) |
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4.8 Poststack Versus Prestack Analysis |
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82 | (2) |
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4.9 Fractal-Based 4D Inversion |
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84 | (3) |
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4.10 Time-Lapse Amplitude vs Offset AVO: Distinguish Between Pressure and Saturation Changes |
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87 | (1) |
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4.11 Conclusion with Limitations and Challenges in Time-Lapse Study |
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87 | (2) |
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5 Reservoir Geophysics: Some Basic Concepts |
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89 | (30) |
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89 | (1) |
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5.2 Hydrocarbon Reservoir |
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89 | (3) |
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5.3 Reservoir Rock Properties |
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92 | (5) |
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97 | (3) |
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100 | (8) |
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5.6 Reservoir Rock Capillary Properties |
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108 | (3) |
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5.7 Properties of Reservoir Fluids |
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111 | (7) |
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118 | (1) |
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6 Fluid Flow and Recovery |
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119 | (30) |
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119 | (1) |
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6.2 Fluid Flow in the Reservoir |
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119 | (3) |
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6.3 Fractal Behavior of Flow and Media |
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122 | (3) |
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125 | (2) |
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6.5 Material Balance Equations |
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127 | (5) |
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6.6 Mechanism of Secondary Recovery |
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132 | (1) |
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6.7 Water Alternating Gas (CO2) Injection |
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132 | (4) |
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6.8 Numerical Reservoir Simulation: An Overview |
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136 | (11) |
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6.9 Advantages and Disadvantages of Reservoir Simulation |
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147 | (1) |
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147 | (2) |
| References |
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149 | (10) |
| Index |
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159 | |
Dr. Vijay Prasad Dimri completed his post-graduation and PhD from the Indian School of Mines, Dhanbad. He joined the National Geophysical Research Institute (NGRI), where he was the Director from 2001-2010. He was also previously the Director of GERMI, Gandhinagar, Gujarat and CSIR-Distinguished Scientist in CSIR-NGRI, Hyderabad. He was a post-doctoral Fellow in Norway (1986-88) and held the Senior DAAD Fellowship (2001). He was also Adjunct Professor of the University of Hyderabad; IIT, Kharagpur; and Honorary Professor of Andhra University, Visakhapatnam. He has about 125 international and national publications, three filed patents, and nine authored/edited books. Dr. Dimri has received the PadmaShri award in 2010 from the Govt. of India. He is the first Asian recipient of the prestigious Lorenz Award of the American Geophysical Union. He also received Axford Lecture Award in 2010 from Asia Oceania Geosciences Society, Singapore. Dr. Ravi Prakash Srivastava is a Scientist for CSIR, National Geophysical Research Institute. He has more than 10 years of research experience in processing and interpretation of geophysical data. Currently, he works on the simulation of reservoir models using geophysical and geological and petrophysical data. He is a co-project leader of the Indo-Norwegian project on Reservoir modelling and simulation study for enhanced oil recovery using gas injection. His research interests include the application of fractals in modelling of complex geological structures, inversion of geophysical data, and reservoir modelling and simulation. He has received the National Geoscience Award in 2012, the CSIR Young Scientist Award in 2010, and the Indian Science Congress Association Young Scientist Award in 2008. Nimisha Vedanti is a Principal Scientist for CSIR-NGRI and received an M.Sc.Tech (2000) in Exploration Geophysics from Banaras Hindu University, India and Ph.D. (2007) from Osmania University while working at CSIR-National Geophysical Research Institute, India. She held a postdoctoral position (2007-2008) at the University of Texas at Austin, USA under the BOYSCAST fellowship of the Govt. of India. She worked as a visiting scientist at the Department of Geoscience, University of Calgary, Canada, SINTEF Petroleum Research, Trondheim, Norway and Department of Geoscience & Petroleum, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim Norway. Dr. Vedanti is a recipient of the Krishnan Gold Medal-2017 (Indian Geophysical Union), K.R. Gupta Award (2015) of the Geological Society of India, National Geoscience Award (2012), CSIR-Young Scientist Award (2009) and Indian Science Congress Association -Young Scientist Award (2008). Her primary research interests are hydrocarbon exploration and reservoir geophysics, which includes seismic data analysis, reservoir monitoring and geophysical inversion.
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