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Fundamentals of Environmental Chemistry, Second Edition 2nd New edition [Hardback]

3.92/5 (21 ratings by Goodreads)
(University of Missouri, Department of Chemistry, Columbia, USA)
  • Formāts: Hardback, 1024 pages, height x width: 254x178 mm, weight: 1928 g, 69 Tables, black and white
  • Izdošanas datums: 31-Jul-2000
  • Izdevniecība: Lewis Publishers,U.S.
  • ISBN-10: 156670491X
  • ISBN-13: 9781566704915
Citas grāmatas par šo tēmu:
  • Formāts: Hardback, 1024 pages, height x width: 254x178 mm, weight: 1928 g, 69 Tables, black and white
  • Izdošanas datums: 31-Jul-2000
  • Izdevniecība: Lewis Publishers,U.S.
  • ISBN-10: 156670491X
  • ISBN-13: 9781566704915
Citas grāmatas par šo tēmu:
Written by a leader in the field, the Fundamentals of Environmental Chemistry, Second Edition puts the fundamentals of chemistry and environmental chemistry right at your students fingertips. Manahan presents the material in an understandable and interesting manner without being overly simplistic.

They get basic coverage on: - Matter and the basis of its physical nature and behavior - Organic and biological chemistry - Chemistry of water, soil, and air - Industrial chemistry - Toxicological chemistry as it pertains to occupational health and human exposure to pollutants and toxicants - Energy, nuclear energy, and nuclear waste - Applications of nuclear science in areas such as tracing pesticide degradation and nuclear medicine -

More than an introduction to this field, Fundamentals of Environmental Chemistry, Second Edition provides the foundation that gives your students an understanding of the chemical processes of the environment and the effects pollution on those processes.
Introduction to Chemistry
1(27)
Chemistry and Environmental Chemistry
1(1)
A Mini-Course in Chemistry
2(1)
The Building Blocks of Matter
2(4)
Chemical Bonds and Compounds
6(2)
Chemical Reactions and Equations
8(1)
Numbers in Chemistry: Exponential notation
9(2)
Significant Figures and Uncertainties in Numbers
11(3)
Measurement and Systems of Measurement
14(1)
Units of Mass
15(2)
Units of Length
17(1)
Units of Volume
18(1)
Temperature, Heat, and Energy
19(4)
Pressure
23(1)
Units and Their Use in Calculations
24(3)
Chapter Summary
27(1)
Matter and Properties of Matter
27(48)
What is Matter?
39(1)
Classification of Matter
40(2)
Quantity of Matter: the Mole
42(2)
Physical Properties of Matter
44(3)
States of Matter
47(1)
Gases
48(6)
Liquids and Solutions
54(3)
Solids
57(1)
Thermal properties
57(3)
Separation and Characterization of Matter
60(15)
Chapter Summary
64(11)
Atoms and Elements
75(46)
Atoms and Elements
75(1)
The Atomic Theory
75(3)
Subatomic Particles
78(1)
The Basic Structure of the Atom
79(1)
Development of the Periodic Table
80(1)
Hydrogen, the Simplest Atom
81(2)
Helium, the First Atom With a Filled Electron Shell
83(1)
Lithium, the First Atom With Both Inner and Outer Electrons
84(1)
The Second Period, Elements 4--10
85(5)
Elements 11--20, and Beyond
90(3)
A More Detailed Look at Atomic Structure
93(1)
Quantum and Wave Mechanical Models of Electrons in Atoms
94(6)
Energy Levels of Atomic Orbitals
100(1)
Shapes of Atomic Orbitals
101(1)
Electron Configuration
102(1)
Electrons in the First 20 Elements
103(4)
Electron Configurations and the Periodic Table
107(14)
Chapter Summary
111(9)
Table of Elements
120(1)
Chemical Bonds, Molecules, and Compounds
121(40)
Chemical Bonds and Compound Formation
121(1)
Chemical Bonding and the Octet Rule
122(2)
Ionic Bonding
124(7)
Fundamentals of Covalent Bonding
131(1)
Covalent Bonds in Compounds
132(4)
Some Other Aspects of Covalent Bonding
136(6)
Chemical Formulas of Compounds
142(5)
The Names of Chemical Compounds
147(3)
Acids, Bases, and Salts
150(11)
Chapter Summary
152(9)
Chemical Reactions, Equations, and Stoichiometry
161(28)
The Sentences of Chemistry
161(1)
The Information in a Chemical Equation
162(2)
Balancing Chemical Equations
164(4)
Will a Reaction Occur?
168(1)
How Fast Does a Reaction Go?
169(1)
Classification of Chemical Reactions
170(3)
Quantitative Information from Chemical Reactions
173(2)
What is Stoichiometry and Why is it Important?
175(14)
Chapter Summary
180(9)
Acids, Bases, and Salts
189(32)
The Importance of Acids, Bases, and Salts
189(1)
The Nature of Acids, Bases, and Salts
189(4)
Conductance of Electricity by Acids, Bases, and Salts in Solution
193(2)
Dissociation of Acids and Bases in Water
195(2)
The Hydrogen Ion Concentration and Buffers
197(2)
pH and the Relationship Between Hydrogen Ion and Hydroxide Ion Concentrations
199(2)
Preparation of Acids
201(1)
Preparation of Bases
202(2)
Preparation of Salts
204(2)
Acid Salts and Basic Salts
206(1)
Water of Hydration
207(1)
Names of Acids, Bases, and Salts
207(14)
Chapter Summary
211(10)
Solutions
221(32)
What are Solutions? Why are they Important?
221(3)
Solvents
224(1)
Water---A Unique Solvent
225(2)
The Solution Process and Solubility
227(1)
Solution Concentrations
228(7)
Standard Solutions and Titrations
235(1)
Physical Properties of Solutions
236(2)
Solution Equilibria
238(4)
Colloidal Suspensions
242(11)
Chapter Summary
245(8)
Chemistry and Electricity
253(28)
Chemistry and Electricity
253(1)
Oxidation and Reduction
254(3)
Oxidation-Reduction in Solution
257(2)
The Dry Cell
259(1)
Storage Batteries
260(2)
Using Electricity to Make Chemical Reactions Occur
262(2)
Electroplating
264(1)
Fuel Cells
265(1)
Solar Cells
266(1)
Reaction Tendency
267(4)
Effect of Concentration: Nernst Equation
271(1)
Potentiometry
271(2)
Corrosion
273(8)
Chapter Summary
274(7)
Organic Chemistry
281(30)
Organic Chemistry
281(1)
Hydrocarbons
282(10)
Organic Functional Groups and Classes of Organic Compounds
292(11)
Synthetic Polymers
303(8)
Chapter Summary
304(7)
Biological Chemistry
311(26)
Biochemistry
311(1)
Biochemistry and the Cell
312(2)
Proteins
314(4)
Carbohydrates
318(2)
Lipids
320(3)
Enzymes
323(3)
Nucleic Acids
326(4)
Recombinant DNA and Genetic Engineering
330(1)
Metabolic Processes
331(6)
Chapter Summary
332(5)
Environmental Chemistry of Water
337(38)
Introduction
337(1)
The Properties of Water, a Unique Substance
337(1)
Sources and Uses of Water: the Hydrologic Cycle
337(3)
The Characteristics of Bodies of Water
340(2)
Aquatic Chemistry
342(1)
Alkalinity and Acidity
343(2)
Metal Ions and Calcium in Water
345(2)
Oxidation-Reduction
347(1)
Complexation and Chelation
348(5)
Water Interactions with Other Phases
353(1)
Aquatic Life
354(1)
Bacteria
355(5)
Microbially Mediated Elemental Transitions and Cycles
360(15)
Chapter Summary
366(9)
Water Pollution
375(44)
Nature and Types of Water Pollutants
375(2)
Elemental Pollutants
377(1)
Heavy Metals
378(2)
Metalloids
380(1)
Organically Bound Metals and Metalloids
381(3)
Inorganic Species
384(2)
Algal Nutrients and Eutrophication
386(1)
Acidity, Alkalinity, and Salinity
387(2)
Oxygen, Oxidants, and Reductants
389(1)
Organic Pollutants
390(6)
Pesticides in Water
396(8)
Polychlorinated Biphenyls
404(2)
Radionuclides in the Aquatic Environment
406(13)
Chapter Summary
410(9)
Water Treatment
419(42)
Water Treatment and Water Use
419(1)
Municipal Water Treatment
419(1)
Treatment of Water For Industrial Use
420(1)
Sewage Treatment
421(6)
Industrial Wastewater Treatment
427(1)
Removal of Solids
428(2)
Removal of Calcium and Other Metals
430(5)
Removal of Dissolved Organics
435(2)
Removal of Dissolved Inorganics
437(6)
Sludge
443(2)
Water Disinfection
445(2)
Natural Water Purification Processes
447(2)
Water Reuse and Recycling
449(12)
Chapter Summary
450(11)
The Atmosphere and Atmospheric Chemistry
461(40)
The Atmosphere and Atmospheric Chemistry
461(1)
Importance of the Atmosphere
462(1)
Physical Characteristics of the Atmosphere
463(4)
Energy Transfer in the Atmosphere
467(2)
Atmospheric Mass Transfer, Meteorology, and Weather
469(7)
Inversions and Air Pollution
476(1)
Global Climate and Microclimate
477(2)
Chemical and Photochemical Reactions in the Atmosphere
479(9)
Acid-Base Reactions in the Atmosphere
488(1)
Reactions of Atmospheric Oxygen
489(3)
Reactions of Atmospheric Nitrogen
492(1)
Atmospheric Water
492(9)
Chapter Summary
493(8)
Inorganic Air Pollutants
501(36)
Introduction
501(1)
Particles in the Atmosphere
502(1)
The Composition of Inorganic Particles
503(4)
Effects of Particles
507(1)
Control of Particulate Emissions
508(3)
Carbon Oxides
511(5)
Sulfur Dioxide Sources and the Sulfur Cycle
516(2)
Nitrogen Oxides in the Atmosphere
518(4)
Acid Rain
522(4)
Fluorine, Chlorine, and their Gaseous Compounds
526(1)
Hydrogen Sulfide, Carbonyl Sulfide, and Carbon Disulfide
527(10)
Chapter Summary
528(9)
Organic Air Pollutants and Photochemical Smog
537(38)
Organic Compounds in the Atmosphere
537(1)
Organic Compounds from Natural Sources
538(2)
Pollutant Hydrocarbons
540(2)
Nonhydrocarbon Organic Compounds in the Atmosphere
542(8)
Photochemical Smog
550(1)
Smog-Forming Automotive Emissions
550(4)
Smog-Forming Reactions of Organic Compounds in the Atmosphere
554(1)
Mechanisms of Smog Formation
555(7)
Inorganic Products from Smog
562(1)
Effects of Smog
563(12)
Chapter Summary
566(9)
The Geosphere and Geochemistry
575(44)
Introduction
575(1)
The Nature of Solids in the Geosphere
576(5)
Physical Form of the Geosphere
581(4)
Clays
585(2)
Geochemistry
587(2)
Groundwater in the Geosphere
589(3)
Environmental Aspects of the Geosphere
592(1)
Earthquakes
593(2)
Volcanoes
595(2)
Surface Earth Movement
597(3)
Stream and River Phenomena
600(1)
Phenomena at the Land/Ocean Interface
601(3)
Phenomena at the Land/Atmosphere Interface
604(1)
Effects of Ice
604(2)
Effects of Human Activities
606(1)
Air Pollution and the Geosphere
607(1)
Water Pollution and the Geosphere
608(1)
Waste Disposal and the Geosphere
609(10)
Chapter Summary
611(8)
Soil Environmental Chemistry
619(36)
Soil and Agriculture
619(3)
Nature and Composition of Soil
622(8)
Acid-Base and Ion Exchange Reactions in Soils
630(2)
Macronutrients in Soil
632(1)
Nitrogen, Phosphorus, and Potassium in Soil
633(4)
Micronutrients in Soil
637(1)
Fertilizers
638(2)
Wastes and Pollutants in Soil
640(3)
Soil Loss and Degradation
643(2)
Genetic Engineering and Agriculture
645(2)
Agriculture and Health
647(8)
Chapter Summary
648(7)
Industrial Ecology and Environmental Chemistry
655(38)
Introduction and History
655(1)
Industrial Ecosystems
656(2)
The Five Major Components of an Industrial Ecosystem
658(3)
Industrial Metabolism
661(3)
Levels of Materials Utilization
664(1)
Links to Other Environmental Spheres
665(2)
Consideration of Environmental Impacts in Industrial Ecology
667(2)
Three Key Attributes: Energy, Materials, Diversity
669(5)
Life Cycles: Expanding and Closing the Materials Loop
674(2)
Life-Cycle Assessment
676(2)
Consumable, Recyclable, and Service (Durable) Products
678(2)
Design for Environment
680(2)
Overview of an Integrated Industrial Ecosystem
682(2)
The Kalundborg Example
684(1)
Societal Factors and the Environmental Ethic
685(8)
Chapter Summary
686(7)
Green Chemistry for a Sustainable Future
693(28)
Introduction
693(2)
The Key Concept of Atom Economy
695(1)
Hazard Reduction
695(1)
Feedstocks
696(4)
Reagents
700(2)
Media
702(1)
The Special Importance of Solvents
703(4)
Synthetic and Processing Pathways
707(1)
The Role of Catalysts
708(2)
Biological Alternatives
710(2)
Applications of Green Chemistry
712(9)
Chapter Summary
713(8)
Nature, Sources, and Environmental Chemistry of Hazardous Wastes
721(38)
Introduction
721(2)
Classification of Hazardous Substances and Wastes
723(2)
Sources of Wastes
725(3)
Flammable and Combustible Substances
728(3)
Reactive Substances
731(2)
Corrosive Substances
733(2)
Toxic Substances
735(1)
Physical Forms and Segregation of Wastes
735(1)
Environmental Chemistry of Hazardous Wastes
736(1)
Physical and Chemical Properties of Hazardous Wastes
737(1)
Transport, Effects, and Fates of Hazardous Wastes
738(2)
Hazardous Wastes and the Anthrosphere
740(1)
Hazardous Wastes in the Geosphere
741(3)
Hazardous Wastes in the Hydrosphere
744(2)
Hazardous Wastes in the Atmosphere
746(2)
Hazardous Wastes in the Biosphere
748(11)
Chapter Summary
750(9)
Industrial Ecology for Waste Minimization, Utilization, and Treatment
759(48)
Introduction
759(1)
Waste Reduction and Minimization
760(3)
Recycling
763(4)
Physical Methods of Waste Treatment
767(4)
Chemical Treatment: An Overview
771(6)
Photolytic Reactions
777(1)
Thermal Treatment Methods
778(4)
Biodegradation of Wastes
782(2)
Land Treatment and Composting
784(1)
Preparation of Wastes for Disposal
785(3)
Ultimate Disposal of Wastes
788(2)
Leachate and Gas Emissions
790(2)
In-Situ Treatment
792(15)
Chapter Summary
795(12)
Toxicological Chemistry
807(42)
Introduction to Toxicology and Toxicological Chemistry
807(2)
Dose-Response Relationships
809(1)
Relative Toxicities
810(1)
Reversibility and Sensitivity
810(2)
Xenobiotic and Endogenous Substances
812(1)
Toxicological Chemistry
813(2)
Kinetic Phase and Dynamic Phase
815(3)
Teratogenesis, Mutagenesis, Carcinogenesis, and Effects on the Immune and Reproductive Systems
818(6)
ATSDR Toxicological Profiles
824(1)
Toxic Elements and Elemental Forms
824(2)
Toxic Inorganic Compounds
826(2)
Toxic Organometallic Compounds
828(1)
Toxicological Chemistry of Organic Compounds
829(20)
Chapter Summary
839(10)
Industrial Ecology, Resources, and Energy
849(48)
Introduction
849(1)
Minerals in the Geosphere
850(1)
Extraction and Mining
851(2)
Metals
853(1)
Metals
853(9)
Nonmetal Mineral Resources
862(1)
Phosphates
863(1)
Sulfur
864(2)
Wood---a Major Renewable Resource
866(1)
The Energy Problem
867(1)
World Energy Resources
868(1)
Energy Conservation
869(1)
Energy Conversion Processes
870(1)
Petroleum and Natural Gas
871(3)
Coal
874(4)
Nuclear Fission Power
878(2)
Nuclear Fusion Power
880(2)
Geothermal Energy
882(1)
The Sun: an Ideal Energy Source
882(3)
Energy from Biomass
885(2)
Future Energy Sources
887(1)
Extending Resources through the Practice of Industrial Ecology
887(10)
Chapter Summary
890(7)
Fundamentals of Analytical Chemistry
897(28)
Nature and Importance of Chemical Analysis
897(1)
The Chemical Analysis Process
898(1)
Major Categories of Chemical Analysis
899(1)
Error and Treatment of Data
900(2)
Gravimetric Analysis
902(2)
Volumetric Analysis: Titration
904(4)
Spectrophotometric Methods
908(4)
Electrochemical Methods of Analysis
912(1)
Chromatography
913(2)
Mass Spectrometry
915(1)
Automated Analyses
916(1)
Immunoassay Screening
917(8)
Chapter Summary
918(7)
Environmental and Xenobiotics Analysis
925(33)
Introduction to Environmental Chemical Analysis
925(1)
Analysis of Water Samples
926(2)
Classical Methods of Water Analysis
928(1)
Instrumental Methods of Water Analysis
929(5)
Analysis of Wastes and Solids
934(7)
Toxicity Characteristic Leaching Procedure
941(1)
Atmospheric Monitoring
941(10)
Analysis of Biological Materials and Xenobiotics
951(7)
Chapter Summary
958