Atjaunināt sīkdatņu piekrišanu

E-grāmata: Galois Theory 2e 2nd Edition [Wiley Online]

(Amherst College, MA)
Citas grāmatas par šo tēmu:
  • Wiley Online
  • Cena: 85,50 €*
  • * this price gives unlimited concurrent access for unlimited time
Citas grāmatas par šo tēmu:
Praise for the First Edition

". . .will certainly fascinate anyone interested in abstract algebra: a remarkable book!"
—Monatshefte fur Mathematik

Galois theory is one of the most established topics in mathematics, with historical roots that led to the development of many central concepts in modern algebra, including groups and fields. Covering classic applications of the theory, such as solvability by radicals, geometric constructions, and finite fields, Galois Theory, Second Edition delves into novel topics like Abel’s theory of Abelian equations, casus irreducibili, and the Galois theory of origami.

In addition, this book features detailed treatments of several topics not covered in standard texts on Galois theory, including:

  • The contributions of Lagrange, Galois, and Kronecker
  • How to compute Galois groups
  • Galois's results about irreducible polynomials of prime or prime-squared degree
  • Abel's theorem about geometric constructions on the lemniscates
  • Galois groups of quartic polynomials in all characteristics

Throughout the book, intriguing Mathematical Notes and Historical Notes sections clarify the discussed ideas and the historical context; numerous exercises and examples use Maple and Mathematica to showcase the computations related to Galois theory; and extensive references have been added to provide readers with additional resources for further study.

Galois Theory, Second Edition is an excellent book for courses on abstract algebra at the upper-undergraduate and graduate levels. The book also serves as an interesting reference for anyone with a general interest in Galois theory and its contributions to the field of mathematics.

Preface to the First Edition xvii
Preface to the Second Edition xxi
Notation xxiii
1 Basic Notation xxiii
2
Chapter-by-Chapter Notation
xxv
PART I POLYNOMIALS
1 Cubic Equations
3(22)
1.1 Cardan's Formulas
4(6)
Historical Notes
8(2)
1.2 Permutations of the Roots
10(5)
A Permutations
10(1)
B The Discriminant
11(2)
C Symmetric Polynomials
13(1)
Mathematical Notes
14(1)
Historical Notes
14(1)
1.3 Cubic Equations over the Real Numbers
15(10)
A The Number of Real Roots
15(3)
B Trigonometric Solution of the Cubic
18(1)
Historical Notes
19(4)
References
23(2)
2 Symmetric Polynomials
25(30)
2.1 Polynomials of Several Variables
25(5)
A The Polynomial Ring in n Variables
25(2)
B The Elementary Symmetric Polynomials
27(2)
Mathematical Notes
29(1)
2.2 Symmetric Polynomials
30(12)
A The Fundamental Theorem
30(5)
B The Roots of a Polynomial
35(1)
C Uniqueness
36(1)
Mathematical Notes
37(1)
Historical Notes
38(4)
2.3 Computing with Symmetric Polynomials (Optional)
42(4)
A Using Mathematica
42(2)
B Using Maple
44(2)
2.4 The Discriminant
46(9)
Mathematical Notes
48(2)
Historical Notes
50(3)
References
53(2)
3 Roots of Polynomials
55(18)
3.1 The Existence of Roots
55(7)
Mathematical Notes
59(2)
Historical Notes
61(1)
3.2 The Fundamental Theorem of Algebra
62(11)
Mathematical Notes
66(1)
Historical Notes
67(3)
References
70(3)
PART II FIELDS
4 Extension Fields
73(28)
4.1 Elements of Extension Fields
73(8)
A Minimal Polynomials
74(1)
B Adjoining Elements
75(4)
Mathematical Notes
79(1)
Historical Notes
79(2)
4.2 Irreducible Polynomials
81(8)
A Using Maple and Mathematica
81(2)
B Algorithms for Factoring
83(1)
C The Schonemann-Eisenstein Criterion
84(1)
D Prime Radicals
85(2)
Historical Notes
87(2)
4.3 The Degree of an Extension
89(6)
A Finite Extensions
89(2)
B The Tower Theorem
91(2)
Mathematical Notes
93(1)
Historical Notes
93(2)
4.4 Algebraic Extensions
95(6)
Mathematical Notes
97(1)
References
98(3)
5 Normal and Separable Extensions
101(24)
5.1 Splitting Fields
101(6)
A Definition and Examples
101(2)
B Uniqueness
103(4)
5.2 Normal Extensions
107(2)
Historical Notes
108(1)
5.3 Separable Extensions
109(10)
A Fields of Characteristic 0
112(1)
B Fields of Characteristic p
113(1)
C Computations
114(2)
Mathematical Notes
116(3)
5.4 Theorem of the Primitive Element
119(6)
Mathematical Notes
122(1)
Historical Notes
122(1)
References
123(2)
6 The Galois Group
125(22)
6.1 Definition of the Galois Group
125(5)
Historical Notes
128(2)
6.2 Galois Groups of Splitting Fields
130(2)
6.3 Permutations of the Roots
132(4)
Mathematical Notes
134(1)
Historical Notes
135(1)
6.4 Examples of Galois Groups
136(7)
A The pth Roots of 2
136(2)
B The Universal Extension
138(1)
C A Polynomial of Degree 5
139(1)
Mathematical Notes
139(2)
Historical Notes
141(2)
6.5 Abelian Equations (Optional)
143(4)
Historical Notes
145(1)
References
146(1)
7 The Galois Correspondence
147(44)
7.1 Galois Extensions
147(7)
A Splitting Fields of Separable Polynomials
147(3)
B Finite Separable Extensions
150(1)
C Galois Closures
151(1)
Historical Notes
152(2)
7.2 Normal Subgroups and Normal Extensions
154(7)
A Conjugate Fields
154(1)
B Normal Subgroups
155(4)
Mathematical Notes
159(1)
Historical Notes
160(1)
7.3 The Fundamental Theorem of Galois Theory
161(6)
7.4 First Applications
167(6)
A The Discriminant
167(2)
B The Universal Extension
169(1)
C The Inverse Galois Problem
170(2)
Historical Notes
172(1)
7.5 Automorphisms and Geometry (Optional)
173(18)
A Groups of Automorphisms
173(2)
B Function Fields in One Variable
175(3)
C Linear Fractional Transformations
178(2)
D Stereographic Projection
180(3)
Mathematical Notes
183(5)
References
188(3)
PART III APPLICATIONS
8 Solvability by Radicals
191(38)
8.1 Solvable Groups
191(5)
Mathematical Notes
194(2)
8.2 Radical and Solvable Extensions
196(5)
A Definitions and Examples
196(2)
B Compositums and Galois Closures
198(1)
C Properties of Radical and Solvable Extensions
198(2)
Historical Notes
200(1)
8.3 Solvable Extensions and Solvable Groups
201(9)
A Roots of Unity and Lagrange Resolvents
201(3)
B Galois's Theorem
204(3)
C Cardan's Formulas
207(1)
Historical Notes
208(2)
8.4 Simple Groups
210(5)
Mathematical Notes
213(1)
Historical Notes
214(1)
8.5 Solving Polynomials by Radicals
215(5)
A Roots and Radicals
215(2)
B The Universal Polynomial
217(1)
C Abelian Equations
217(1)
D The Fundamental Theorem of Algebra Revisited
218(1)
Historical Notes
219(1)
8.6 The Casus Irreducbilis (Optional)
220(9)
A Real Radicals
220(2)
B Irreducible Polynomials with Real Radical Roots
222(2)
C The Failure of Solvability in Characteristic p
224(2)
Historical Notes
226(1)
References
227(2)
9 Cyclotomic Extensions
229(26)
9.1 Cyclotomic Polynomials
229(9)
A Some Number Theory
230(1)
B Definition of Cyclotomic Polynomials
231(2)
C The Galois Group of a Cyclotomic Extension
233(2)
Historical Notes
235(3)
9.2 Gauss and Roots of Unity (Optional)
238(17)
A The Galois Correspondence
238(1)
B Periods
239(3)
C Explicit Calculations
242(4)
D Solvability by Radicals
246(2)
Mathematical Notes
248(1)
Historical Notes
249(5)
References
254(1)
10 Geometric Constructions
255(36)
10.1 Constructible Numbers
255(15)
Mathematical Notes
264(2)
Historical Notes
266(4)
10.2 Regular Polygons and Roots of Unity
270(4)
Historical Notes
271(3)
10.3 Origami (Optional)
274(17)
A Origami Constructions
274(2)
B Origami Numbers
276(3)
C Marked Rulers and Intersections of Conics
279(3)
Mathematical Notes
282(1)
Historical Notes
283(5)
References
288(3)
11 Finite Fields
291(24)
11.1 The Structure of Finite Fields
291(10)
A Existence and Uniqueness
291(3)
B Galois Groups
294(2)
Mathematical Notes
296(1)
Historical Notes
297(4)
11.2 Irreducible Polynomials over Finite Fields (Optional)
301(14)
A Irreducible Polynomials of Fixed Degree
301(3)
B Cyclotomic Polynomials Modulo p
304(1)
C Berlekamp's Algorithm
305(2)
Historical Notes
307(3)
References
310(5)
PART IV FURTHER TOPICS
12 Lagrange, Galois, and Kronecker
315(42)
12.1 Lagrange
315(19)
A Resolvent Polynomials
317(3)
B Similar Functions
320(3)
C The Quartic
323(3)
D Higher Degrees
326(2)
E Lagrange Resolvents
328(1)
Historical Notes
329(5)
12.2 Galois
334(13)
A Beyond Lagrange
335(1)
B Galois Resolvents
335(2)
C Galois's Group
337(2)
D Natural and Accessory Irrationalities
339(2)
E Galois's Strategy
341(2)
Historical Notes
343(4)
12.3 Kronecker
347(10)
A Algebraic Quantities
347(2)
B Module Systems
349(1)
C Splitting Fields
350(3)
Historical Notes
353(3)
References
356(1)
13 Computing Galois Groups
357(56)
13.1 Quartic Polynomials
357(11)
Mathematical Notes
363(3)
Historical Notes
366(2)
13.2 Quintic Polynomials
368(18)
A Transitive Subgroups of S5
368(3)
B Galois Groups of Quintics
371(5)
C Examples
376(1)
D Solvable Quintics
377(1)
Mathematical Notes
378(2)
Historical Notes
380(6)
13.3 Resolvents
386(14)
A Jordan's Strategy
386(3)
B Relative Resolvents
389(1)
C Quartics in All Characteristics
390(3)
D Factoring Resolvents
393(3)
Mathematical Notes
396(4)
13.4 Other Methods
400(13)
A Kronecker's Analysis
400(4)
B Dedekind's Theorem
404(2)
Mathematical Notes
406(4)
References
410(3)
14 Solvable Permutation Groups
413(50)
14.1 Polynomials of Prime Degree
413(6)
Mathematical Notes
417(1)
Historical Notes
417(2)
14.2 Imprimitive Polynomials of Prime-Squared Degree
419(10)
A Primitive and Imprimitive Groups
419(2)
B Wreath Products
421(3)
C The Solvable Case
424(1)
Mathematical Notes
425(1)
Historical Notes
426(3)
14.3 Primitive Permutation Groups
429(15)
A Doubly Transitive Permutation Groups
429(1)
B Affine Linear and Semilinear Groups
430(1)
C Minimal Normal Subgroups
431(2)
D The Solvable Case
433(4)
Mathematical Notes
437(2)
Historical Notes
439(5)
14.4 Primitive Polynomials of Prime-Squared Degree
444(19)
A The First Two Subgroups
444(2)
B The Third Subgroup
446(4)
C The Solvable Case
450(7)
Mathematical Notes
457(1)
Historical Notes
458(4)
References
462(1)
15 The Lemniscate
463(52)
15.1 Division Points and Arc Length
464(6)
A Division Points of the Lemniscate
464(2)
B Arc Length of the Lemniscate
466(1)
Mathematical Notes
467(2)
Historical Notes
469(1)
15.2 The Lemniscatic Function
470(12)
A A Periodic Function
471(2)
B Addition Laws
473(3)
C Multiplication by Integers
476(3)
Historical Notes
479(3)
15.3 The Complex Lemniscatic Function
482(7)
A A Doubly Periodic Function
482(2)
B Zeros and Poles
484(3)
Mathematical Notes
487(1)
Historical Notes
488(1)
15.4 Complex Multiplication
489(15)
A The Gaussian Integers
490(1)
B Multiplication by Gaussian Integers
491(6)
C Multiplication by Gaussian Primes
497(4)
Mathematical Notes
501(1)
Historical Notes
502(2)
15.5 Abel's Theorem
504(11)
A The Lemniscatic Galois Group
504(2)
B Straightedge-and-Compass Constructions
506(2)
Mathematical Notes
508(2)
Historical Notes
510(3)
References
513(2)
A Abstract Algebra
515(22)
A.1 Basic Algebra
515(9)
A Groups
515(4)
B Rings
519(1)
C Fields
520(2)
D Polynomials
522(2)
A.2 Complex Numbers
524(4)
A Addition, Multiplication, and Division
524(1)
B Roots of Complex Numbers
525(3)
A.3 Polynomials with Rational Coefficients
528(2)
A.4 Group Actions
530(2)
A.5 More Algebra
532(5)
A The Sylow Theorems
532(1)
B The Chinese Remainder Theorem
533(1)
C The Multiplicative Group of a Field
533(1)
D Unique Factorization Domains
534(3)
B Hints to Selected Exercises
537(14)
C Student Projects
551(6)
References
555(1)
A Books and Monographs on Galois Theory
555(1)
B Books on Abstract Algebra
556(1)
C Collected Works
556(1)
Index 557
DAVID A. COX, PhD, is Professor in the Department of Mathematics at Amherst College. He has published extensively in his areas of research interest, which include algebraic geometry, number theory, and the history of mathematics. Dr. Cox is consulting editor for Wiley's Pure and Applied Mathematics book series and the author of Primes of the Form x2 + ny2 (Wiley).