Proceedings of the Second International Symposium organized by the University of Wisconsin, June 16-20, 1985
This volume presents the proceedings of the Second International Sym posium on Genetic Aspects ofPlant Minerai Nutrition, held in Madison, Wisconsin in 1985. The mechanisms by which plants acquire, transport and utilize essential minerai nutrients are highly complex. The means by which plants either exclude or tolerate ions of metals toxic to plants are equally complex. The first symposium attempted to convene research scientists con cerned with minerai nutrition for the purpose of exploring the kinds of minerai nutrition phenomena identified as being under genetic contro!. The first symposium also placed much emphasis on research to which genetic intervention might be applied. At the second symposium more papers were presented on genetic and breeding research, a long-term objective of the first symposium. The second symposium also included biotic interactions under genetic con trol that either enhanced or impeded ion uptake, e.g. mycorrhizae and nitrogen fixing bacteria. This continuing dialogue is essential for a research area the complexity of which is due to its interdisciplinary nature.
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Section 1: Responses of wild plant ecotypes to nutrient deficiency
stress.- Genetical aspects of mineral nutrition Progress to date.-
Adaptations and physiological responses of wild plants to nutrient stress.-
Application of ANE value and of shares of individual elements in this value
for determining the difference between various plant species.- Variation in
foliar elemental composition in Vaccinium crosses.- Section 2: Screening
techniques to detect nutritional differences under genetic control.-
Intact-plant screening for tolerance of nutrient-deficient stress.- Somatic
cell selection of mutants resistant to mineral stress.- Screening spring
wheat for drought tolerance.- Identifying aluminum tolerance in sorghum
genotypes grown on tropical acid soils.- Influence of field sampling
techniques on the Al, Mn, Mg, and Ca nutritional profiles for acid soil
tolerant susceptible sorghum genotypes.- Section 3: Tolerance to salinity and
to metal toxicities.- Advances in salt tolerance.- Intervarietal ionic
composition changes in barley under salt stress.- Boron tolerance in
Australian varieties of wheat and barley.- Australian research on tolerance
to toxic manganese.- Tolerance of plants to heavy metals.- Hydrogen and
aluminium tolerance.- Tolerances of Old World bluestems to an acid soil high
in exchangeable aluminum.- Comparisons of maize populations for aluminum
tolerance in nutrient solution.- Inheritance of aluminum tolerance in maize.-
Aluminum tolerance in sorghum.- Responses of Al-tolerant and Al-sensitive
Kearney barley cultivars to calcium and magnesium during Al stress.- Ion
segregation in different plant parts within different barley cultivars under
salt stress.- Plant traits for evaluation of responses of sorghum genotypes
to aluminum.- Elevation of inbredlines for aluminum tolerance in nutrient
solution.- Section 4A: Genotypic response to nutrient deficiency:
Macronutrients.- The application of in vivo techniques in the study of
metabolic aspects of ion absorption in crop plants.- Genotypic variation in
biomass production and nitrogen use efficiency in pearl millet [ Pennisetum
americanum (L.) Leeke].- Differential phosphorus uptake, distribution, and
efficiency by sorghum inbred parents and their hybrids.- External phosphorus
requirements of five tropical grain legumes in flowing-solution culture.-
Genetics and physiology of low-phosphorus tolerance in a family derived from
two differentially adapted strains of tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum
Mill.).- Genotypic differences in the chemical composition of maize plants
grown on a calcareous Chernozem.- Genotypic differences in subcellular
compartmentation of K +: Implications for protein synthesis, growth and
yield.- Root morphological effects on Mg uptake in five tall fescue lines.-
Influence of different Triticum aestivum L. genomes and chromosomes on the
assimilation of the main nutrient elements.- The accumulation and
distribution of sodium in tomato strains differing in potassium efficiency
when grown under low-K stress.- Vegetative adaptation to N stress regimes in
two barley cultivars with different N requirement.- Genetic differences among
wild oat lines in potassium uptake and growth in relation to potassium
supply.- Genetic variation in the uptake and utilization of potassium in
wheat (Triticum aestivum) varieties grown under potassium stress.-
Inheritance of response of sunflower inbreds to a low calcium/magnesium
ratio.- Genetic differences in the ear-leaf nutrient content of inbred lines
of corn (Zea mays L.).- Section 4B: Genotypic response to nutrient
deficiency: Trace elements.- Transfer to wheat of the copper efficiency
factor carried on rye chromosome arm 5RL.- Physiology of genotypic
differences in zinc and copper uptake in rice and tomato.- Variability and
correlation of iron-deficiency symptoms in a sorghum population evaluated in
the field and growth chamber.- Sorghum genotype differences in uptake and use
efficiency of mineral elements.- Resistance to the European corn borer,
Ostrinia nubilalis (Hubner), in maize, Zea mays L., as affected by soil
silica, plant silica, structural carbohydrates, and lignin.- Differential
response of sunflower genotypes to iron deficiency.- Soybean genetic
differences in response to Fe and Mn: Activity of metalloenzymes.-
Ultrastructure of mesophyll cells grown on different levels of selenium of
two pea genotypes.- Section 5: Genetic variation in microorganism host
interactions in mineral nutrition.- Host plant control of symbiotic N2
fixation in grain legumes.- Specific relations between some strains; of
diazotrophs and corn hybrids.- Nitrogen fixation in soybean as influenced by
cultivar and Rhizobium strain.- Intraspecific variability for VA mycorrhizal
symbiosis in Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata [ L.] Walp.).- Section 6: Germplasm
resources and modification.- Sources of germplasm for research on mineral
nutrition.- Incorporation of phosphorus efficiency from exotic germplasm into
agriculturally adapted germplasm of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.).-
Genetic variability for mineral element concentrations in smooth bromegrass
related to dairy cattle nutritional requirements.- Molecular cloning of the
plant plasma membrane H+-ATPase.- Control of nutrient concentrations in plant
growth media.- Considerations of vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhiza physiology
in breeding for enhanced mineraluptake by plants.- Progress since the first
international symposium: Genetic aspects of plant mineral nutrition, Beograd,
1982, and perspectives of future research.
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