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  • Formāts: 202 pages
  • Izdošanas datums: 21-Aug-2018
  • Izdevniecība: National Academies Press
  • Valoda: eng
  • ISBN-13: 9780309472746

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The U.S. system of graduate education in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) has served the nation and its science and engineering enterprise extremely well. Over the course of their education, graduate students become involved in advancing the frontiers of discovery, as well as in making significant contributions to the growth of the U.S. economy, its national security, and the health and well-being of its people. However, continuous, dramatic innovations in research methods and technologies, changes in the nature and availability of work, shifts in demographics, and expansions in the scope of occupations needing STEM expertise raise questions about how well the current STEM graduate education system is meeting the full array of 21st century needs. Indeed, recent surveys of employers and graduates and studies of graduate education suggest that many graduate programs do not adequately prepare students to translate their knowledge into impact in multiple careers.





Graduate STEM Education for the 21st Century examines the current state of U.S. graduate STEM education. This report explores how the system might best respond to ongoing developments in the conduct of research on evidence-based teaching practices and in the needs and interests of its students and the broader society it seeks to serve. This will be an essential resource for the primary stakeholders in the U.S. STEM enterprise, including federal and state policymakers, public and private funders, institutions of higher education, their administrators and faculty, leaders in business and industry, and the students the system is intended to educate.

Table of Contents



Front Matter Summary 1 Introduction 2 Trends in Graduate STEM Degrees Earned in the United States 3 Crosscutting Themes in Graduate STEM Education 4 The Master's Degree 5 The Doctoral Degree 6 A Call for Systemic Change Appendixes Appendix A: Glossary Appendix B: Discussion Document and Callfor Community Input Appendix C: Committee Biographies Appendix D: Staff Biographies Appendix E: Open Meeting Agendas
Abbreviations and Acronyms xix
Summary 1(14)
1 Introduction
15(14)
The Role of Graduate STEM Education
16(2)
Catalyzing Cultural Change in Graduate STEM Education
18(4)
Background of the Report
22(4)
Structure of the Report
26(1)
References
27(2)
2 Trends in Graduate Stem Degrees Earned in the United States
29(34)
Enrollment, Degrees, and Trends in U.S. Graduate STEM Education
30(3)
Data and Trends by Gender
33(4)
Data and Trends by Race and Ethnicity
37(18)
Data and Trends by Citizenship
55(5)
Data and Trends by Disability Status
60(1)
References
60(3)
3 Crosscutting Themes in Graduate Stem Education
63(28)
Adjusting Faculty Rewards and Incentives to Improve Graduate STEM Education
64(3)
Increasing Data Collection, Research, and Transparency about Graduate STEM Education Outcomes
67(6)
Enhancing Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion
73(5)
Responding to the Dynamic Nature of 21st-Century STEM
78(5)
Optimizing the Graduate Student Experience
83(2)
References
85(6)
4 The Master's Degree
91(14)
Core Educational Elements of Master's Degrees
92(3)
Career Outcomes of STEM Master's Degree Holders
95(3)
Flexible and Innovative Programs: Certificates and Microcredentials
98(5)
References
103(2)
5 The Doctoral Degree
105(22)
Core Educational Elements of the Ph.D. Degree
106(2)
Career Exploration and Preparation
108(6)
Doctoral Curriculum, Coursework, and the Dissertation
114(3)
Additional Factors Requiring Evolution of the System
117(6)
References
123(4)
6 A Call For Systemic Change
127(14)
An Ideal Graduate STEM Education
128(2)
Federal and State Government Agencies
130(2)
Private Foundations and Other Nongovernmental Organizations
132(1)
Institutions of Higher Education
132(1)
Graduate Schools, Departments, and Programs
133(2)
Faculty Members
135(1)
Professional Societies
136(1)
Employers in Industry, Government, and Other Organizations
137(1)
Graduate Students
137(4)
APPENDIXES
A Glossary
141(6)
B Discussion Document and Call for Community Input
147(6)
C Committee Biographies
153(12)
D Staff Biographies
165(6)
E Open Meeting Agendas
171