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E-grāmata: Gravity and Magnetic Exploration: Principles, Practices, and Applications

(Ohio State University), , (Purdue University, Indiana)
  • Formāts: PDF+DRM
  • Izdošanas datums: 14-Mar-2013
  • Izdevniecība: Cambridge University Press
  • Valoda: eng
  • ISBN-13: 9781107330689
  • Formāts - PDF+DRM
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  • Formāts: PDF+DRM
  • Izdošanas datums: 14-Mar-2013
  • Izdevniecība: Cambridge University Press
  • Valoda: eng
  • ISBN-13: 9781107330689

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"This combination textbook and reference manual provides a comprehensive account of the principles, practices, and application of gravity and magnetic methods for exploring the subsurface using surface, marine, airborne, and satellite measurements. Key current topics and techniques are described, including high-resolution magnetic investigations, time-variation gravity analysis from surface and satellite gravity measurements, absolute and gradient gravimetry, and the role of GPS in mapping gravity and magnetic fields. The book also describes the physical properties of rocks and other earth materials that are critical to the effective design, implementation and interpretation of surveys, and presents a thorough overview of digital data analysis methods used to process and interpret anomalies for subsurface information. This book is an ideal text for advanced undergraduate and graduate courses, but also serves as a reference for research academics, professional geophysicists, and managers of exploration programs that include gravity and magnetic methods. It is a valuable resource for all those interested in petroleum, engineering, mineral, environmental, geological and archeological exploration of the lithosphere"--

Recenzijas

'Written by three leading researchers, this is a comprehensive textbook that takes its readers from the fundamentals of potential fields through modern data acquisition, processing, modelling and inversion to practical interpretation. The theory and mathematical derivations are suitable for both beginners and experienced geophysicists. Well-organised and nicely illustrated, it is both informative and clearly written.' Alan Green, Institute of Geophysics, ETH-Swiss Federal Institute of Technology 'This extensive work is much more than just a textbook: it includes detailed discussions, such as the philosophy of modelling and the nature of errors, which are critical to properly interpreting gravity and magnetic data, but are often glossed over. A very useful addition to practitioners' reference shelves and an excellent textbook for advanced students.' Roger C. Searle, Professor Emeritus, Durham University 'The geophysical applications of gravity and magnetic techniques have advanced a great deal in the twenty-first century. Thus, this rigorous book covering the physical basis, analysis, interpretation, and applications of these techniques is a timely and important contribution. It is designed to serve both the student and practitioner and is enhanced by an innovative website.' G. Randy Keller, University of Oklahoma and Director of the Oklahoma Geological Survey 'This well-written, comprehensive textbook and reference source will provide students with the basic fundamentals of the geophysical methods of gravity and magnetics The figures and tables are an added value as they help illustrate key points This valuable resource will be beneficial to geophysics students now and well into the future, as they enter careers in the field. Highly recommended.' M. S. Field, Choice 'This well-written, comprehensive textbook and reference source will provide readers with a comprehensive account of the geophysical methods of gravity and magnetics, including data acquisition, processing, modeling, and practical interpretation A suite of computational exercises with instructions and software for performing them on the book's website illustrates the practical utility of modern gravity and magnetic surveys in various fields of exploration and research, as well as their potential limitations This valuable resource will be beneficial to all those interested in petroleum, engineering, mineral, environmental, geological, and archaeological exploration and willing to extend and consolidate their knowledge. It will help students to efficiently gain understanding and appreciation for the gravity and magnetic methods, and it will provide experienced earth scientists with a valuable addition to their exploration libraries. Pure and Applied Geophysics 'Throughout the book, the authors maintain an excellent writing style and an easy-to-follow layout, with many practical suggestions added to the scientific and technical details. The scope and coverage are impressive; there was no relevant topic that I felt was discussed in insufficient detail. Each chapter has an opening abstract and a summary of key points at the end. The text has more than 300 illustrations and approximately 850 references to the primary literature. Color versions of many figures are available as a download. The publisher's website also provides study questions for using the book as a course text, online exercises, and access to software for data processing and interpretation. In summary, this is an excellent book which will serve as an important text and reference for many years. It should be a key part of any library on geophysics.' William Green, The Leading Edge ' the authors should be congratulated on producing a scholarly book on an enduring geophysics core subject. "Grav/Mag" is still seen by many as a "value for money" tool for exploring Earth's crusts and upper mantle in frontier offshore and onshore areas and a necessary geophysical technique to employ prior to seismic and drilling. The book will certainly be on my shelf and I trust on that of many other explorationists also.' Marine Geophysical Research

Papildus informācija

This combined textbook and reference manual introduces key topics and techniques in gravity and magnetic exploration, with practical online resources.
Preface ix
Objectives of this book ix
Related books x
Organization of this book x
Study questions and exercises xi
Units xi
Acknowledgements xii
1 Introduction
1(16)
1.1 Overview
1(1)
1.2 The Earth and its planetary force fields
2(1)
1.3 Basis of the gravity and magnetic methods
3(2)
1.4 Foundations of geophysical methods
5(2)
1.5 Geophysical practices
7(4)
1.6 Nature of geophysical data
11(3)
1.7 Key concepts
14(3)
Part I Gravity exploration
17(196)
2 The gravity method
19(19)
2.1 Overview
19(1)
2.2 Role of the gravity method
20(1)
2.3 The Earth's gravity field
21(6)
2.4 History of the gravity method
27(5)
2.5 Implementing the gravity method
32(4)
2.6 Key concepts
36(2)
3 Gravity potential theory
38(26)
3.1 Overview
38(1)
3.2 Introduction
38(1)
3.3 Gravity effects of a point mass
39(2)
3.4 Gravity effects of an extended body
41(7)
3.5 Idealized source gravity modeling
48(5)
3.6 General source gravity modeling
53(6)
3.7 Gauss' law
59(1)
3.8 Gravity anomaly ambiguity
60(1)
3.9 Poisson's theorem
61(1)
3.10 Pseudoanomalies
61(1)
3.11 Key concepts
62(2)
4 Density of Earth materials
64(24)
4.1 Overview
64(1)
4.2 Introduction
64(1)
4.3 Types of densities
65(1)
4.4 Density of the Earth's interior
66(2)
4.5 Rock densities
68(7)
4.6 Density measurements
75(10)
4.7 Density tabulations
85(1)
4.8 Key concepts
86(2)
5 Gravity data acquisition
88(34)
5.1 Overview
88(1)
5.2 Introduction
89(1)
5.3 Measuring gravity
89(18)
5.4 Gravity surveying
107(6)
5.5 Gravity measurements from space
113(7)
5.6 Key concepts
120(2)
6 Gravity data processing
122(53)
6.1 Overview
122(1)
6.2 Introduction
122(1)
6.3 Extraneous gravity variations
123(20)
6.4 Gravity anomalies
143(12)
6.5 Anomaly isolation and enhancement
155(18)
6.6 Key concepts
173(2)
7 Gravity anomaly interpretation
175(38)
7.1 Overview
175(1)
7.2 Introduction
175(6)
7.3 Interpretation parameters
181(8)
7.4 Simplified interpretation techniques
189(11)
7.5 Modeling anomaly sources
200(11)
7.6 Key concepts
211(2)
Part II Magnetic exploration
213(200)
8 The magnetic method
215(20)
8.1 Overview
215(1)
8.2 Role of the magnetic method
215(1)
8.3 The Earth's magnetic field
216(13)
8.4 History of the magnetic method in exploration
229(2)
8.5 Implementing the magnetic method
231(2)
8.6 Key concepts
233(2)
9 Magnetic potential theory
235(17)
9.1 Overview
235(1)
9.2 Introduction
235(1)
9.3 Magnetic potential of a point dipole
236(1)
9.4 Magnetic effects of a point dipole
236(2)
9.5 Magnetic effects of an extended body
238(5)
9.6 Idealized source magnetic modeling
243(1)
9.7 General source magnetic modeling
244(6)
9.8 Total magnetic moment
250(1)
9.9 Magnetic source ambiguity
250(1)
9.10 Combined magnetic and gravity potentials
250(1)
9.11 Key concepts
251(1)
10 Magnetization of Earth materials
252(24)
10.1 Overview
252(1)
10.2 Introduction
252(1)
10.3 Magnetism of Earth materials
253(4)
10.4 Mineral magnetism
257(2)
10.5 Magnetic susceptibility
259(2)
10.6 Magnetization of rocks anti soils
261(11)
10.7 Magnetic property measurements
272(1)
10.8 Magnetic property tabulations
273(1)
10.9 Key concepts
274(2)
11 Magnetic data acquisition
276(24)
11.1 Overview
276(1)
11.2 Introduction
276(1)
11.3 Instrumentation
277(7)
11.4 Survey design and procedures
284(7)
11.5 Magnetic measurements from space
291(6)
11.6 Key concepts
297(3)
12 Magnetic data processing
300(38)
12.1 Overview
300(1)
12.2 Introduction
301(1)
12.3 Extraneous magnetic variations
302(12)
12.4 Anomaly isolation and enhancement
314(22)
12.5 Key concepts
336(2)
13 Magnetic anomaly interpretation
338(75)
13.1 Overview
338(1)
13.2 Introduction
339(3)
13.3 Interpretation constraints
342(13)
13.4 Interpretation techniques
355(39)
13.5 Modeling anomaly sources
394(17)
13.6 Key concepts
411(2)
Part III Applications
413(9)
14 Applications of the gravity and magnetic methods
415(7)
14.1 Introduction
415(1)
14.2 General view of applications
415(1)
14.3 Near-surface studies
416(1)
14.4 Energy resource applications
417(1)
14.5 Mineral resource exploration
418(2)
14.6 Lithospheric investigations
420(2)
Appendix A Data systems processing
422(55)
A.1 Overview
422(1)
A.2 Introduction
422(1)
A.3 Data bases and standards
423(1)
A.4 Mathematical methods
424(20)
A.5 Anomaly analysis
444(19)
A.6 Data graphics
463(12)
A.7 Key concepts
475(2)
References 477(25)
Index 502
William J. Hinze is Emeritus Professor of Geophysics at Purdue University and has taught exploration geophysics for 40 years. His extensive teaching and research experience is complemented by industrial consulting experience in the geological and engineering applications of gravity and magnetic fields. He has authored or co-authored more than 130 journal publications and four books, and has served as Associate Editor of Geophysics and Senior Editor of The Journal of Geophysical Research Solid Earth. Professor Hinze has been a member of numerous government and scientific panels dealing with key issues from the geophysics and geology of continents to nuclear waste disposal and geophysical data. He is a member of the Society of Exploration Geophysicists, the American Geophysical Union and the Geological Society of America. Ralph R. B. von Frese is Professor of Earth Sciences at Ohio State University, where he has taught undergraduate and graduate courses across geophysics and Earth systems since 1982. His research has focused mostly on archaeological and planetary applications of gravity and magnetic fields and he has authored or co-authored more than 100 journal publications and served on several government and scientific panels. Professor von Frese is the founding co-chair of the Antarctic Digital Magnetic Anomaly Project (ADMAP), an international collaboration of the Scientific Committee for Antarctic Research (SCAR) and the International Association of Geomagnetism and Aeronomy (IAGA). He is a member of the Society of Exploration Geophysicists, the American Geophysical Union, the Geological Society of America and the International Association for Mathematical Geology. Afif H. Saad is a geophysical consultant to the oil and gas exploration industry, specializing in integrated interpretation, modeling, magnetic depth estimation, software development, and training. He has over 40 years of broad experience in the theory and practice of gravity and magnetic methods in exploration, including 25 years in the oil industry, and has provided training at several schools and workshops in basic, intermediate and advanced gravity and magnetics in the United States and overseas. Dr Saad has authored or co-authored several publications and has peer-reviewed several papers and textbooks in gravity and magnetics for Geophysics, Geophysical Journal International, and Exploration Geophysics. Dr Saad has served as Associate Editor for Magnetic Exploration Methods for Geophysics. He is an active member of the Society of Exploration Geophysicists, and a member of the SEG Gravity and Magnetics Committee, the SEG Global Affairs Committee and the Geophysical Society of Houston.