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1 1905-1930: The Golden Age of Physics |
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1 | (14) |
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1.1 The Three Major Breakthroughs |
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1 | (1) |
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1 | (3) |
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1.3 A Common Starting Point for Natural Scientists: The Bohr Model for the H Atom |
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4 | (3) |
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1.4 Deterministic and Probabilistic Models |
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7 | (1) |
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1.5 Newton's Gravitational Law, Special Relativity, and the Equivalence Principle |
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8 | (1) |
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1.6 Relativistic Rotating Particle Models for Hadrons |
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9 | (3) |
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12 | (3) |
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12 | (3) |
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2 Mass, Special Relativity and the Equivalence Principle |
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15 | (8) |
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15 | (1) |
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2.2 The Equivalence Principle |
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16 | (1) |
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2.3 Rest, Relativistic, Inertial, and Gravitational Mass in Special Relativity: Some Questions |
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17 | (1) |
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2.4 Newton's Gravitational Law, Velocity and General Relativity |
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18 | (2) |
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20 | (1) |
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21 | (2) |
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22 | (1) |
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3 The Strong Force: From Quarks to Hadrons and Nuclei |
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23 | (8) |
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23 | (5) |
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3.1.1 Classical and Quantized Fields |
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23 | (1) |
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3.1.2 The Mediation Mechanism |
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24 | (1) |
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3.1.3 History and the Postulate of Color Charge |
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24 | (1) |
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3.1.4 Properties of the Strong Force |
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25 | (1) |
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3.1.5 The Residual Strong Force |
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25 | (2) |
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3.1.6 Quantum Chromodynamics |
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27 | (1) |
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28 | (3) |
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28 | (3) |
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4 The World of Particles and the Standard Model |
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31 | (20) |
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31 | (5) |
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31 | (2) |
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4.1.2 The Standard Model of Elementary Particles |
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33 | (3) |
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36 | (6) |
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36 | (1) |
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36 | (6) |
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42 | (6) |
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4.3.1 The Standard Model Taxonomy of Hadrons |
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45 | (1) |
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45 | (1) |
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4.3.3 Hadron Angular Momenta |
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46 | (2) |
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48 | (3) |
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48 | (3) |
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5 The Equivalence Principle, Special Relativity, and Newton's Gravitational Law |
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51 | (16) |
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5.1 The Weak Equivalence Principle |
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51 | (2) |
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53 | (8) |
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5.2.1 Implications of the Special Relativity: Length Contraction and Time Dilation |
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53 | (2) |
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5.2.2 Transformation of Velocities |
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55 | (1) |
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5.2.3 Accelerated Motions |
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56 | (1) |
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5.2.4 Forces in Relativistic Mechanics |
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57 | (4) |
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5.3 Newton's Universal Gravitational Law |
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61 | (1) |
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5.4 The Synthesis of Newton's Gravitational Law, Equivalence Principle, and Special Relativity |
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62 | (2) |
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5.5 Einstein's Equivalence Principle and Strong Equivalence Principle |
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64 | (1) |
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65 | (2) |
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65 | (2) |
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6 The Three and Two Rotating Neutrino Models: Particle Confinement by Gravity |
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67 | (18) |
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6.1 Requirements for a Satisfactory Hadron Formation Model |
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67 | (1) |
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6.2 The Inertial and Gravitational Mass of Fast Neutrinos |
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68 | (1) |
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6.3 The Three-Neutrino Model |
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69 | (9) |
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6.3.1 Equivalence Principle and Inertial Mass |
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70 | (2) |
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6.3.2 The Classical Mechanical Problem |
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72 | (1) |
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6.3.3 The de Broglie Wavelength Expression and Consistency with Quantum Mechanics |
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73 | (2) |
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6.3.4 Numerical Substitutions |
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75 | (3) |
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6.4 The Two-Neutrino Model |
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78 | (3) |
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81 | (1) |
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82 | (3) |
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82 | (3) |
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7 Energy and Other Properties of the Rotational States |
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85 | (16) |
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7.1 Potential, Translational, and Total Energy of the Neutrinos |
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85 | (3) |
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7.2 Properties of the Bound States |
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88 | (7) |
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7.2.1 Rest Energy and Binding Energy |
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88 | (1) |
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7.2.2 Radii and Lorentz Factors y |
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88 | (1) |
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7.2.3 Lifetimes and Rotational Periods |
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89 | (1) |
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89 | (2) |
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91 | (1) |
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7.2.6 Inertial Mass and Angular Momentum |
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92 | (1) |
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7.2.7 Gravitational Force |
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93 | (1) |
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7.2.8 Summary of the Comparison with Experiment |
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94 | (1) |
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7.2.9 Gravitational Constant |
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95 | (1) |
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7.3 Energy-Curvature Dependence and General Relativity |
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95 | (2) |
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7.4 Model Consistency with General Relativity: Kerr Black Holes |
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97 | (1) |
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98 | (3) |
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99 | (2) |
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8 Gravitational Hadronization: How Mass Can Be Produced from Gravity |
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101 | (6) |
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8.1 The Generation of Rest Mass by the Kinetic Energy of the Constituents of a Confined State |
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101 | (3) |
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8.2 Thermodynamics of Neutrino and Quark-Gluon Plasma Condensation |
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104 | (1) |
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105 | (2) |
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105 | (2) |
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9 Model Comparison with the Main Experimental Features of the Strong Interaction Force |
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107 | (6) |
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9.1 Quarks, Gluons, and Color Charge |
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107 | (4) |
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108 | (1) |
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109 | (1) |
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109 | (1) |
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9.1.4 Confinement and Asymptotic Freedom |
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109 | (1) |
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9.1.5 Scattering Cross Sections and Hadron Jets |
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110 | (1) |
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111 | (2) |
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111 | (2) |
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10 The Bohr-de Broglie Approach in Physics: The Dual Nature of Matter |
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113 | (8) |
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113 | (3) |
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116 | (1) |
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117 | (2) |
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119 | (2) |
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120 | (1) |
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11 Gravity at Relativistic Velocities and Dark Matter |
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121 | (6) |
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11.1 Dark Matter in Galaxies |
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121 | (1) |
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11.2 Newton's Gravitational Law and Special Relativity |
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121 | (1) |
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11.3 Virial Theorem and Dark Matter |
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122 | (1) |
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11.4 Alternate Explanations |
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123 | (1) |
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11.5 Gravity Modification |
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123 | (1) |
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124 | (1) |
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125 | (1) |
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125 | (2) |
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125 | (2) |
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12 Force Unification: Is the Strong Force Simply Gravity? |
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127 | (12) |
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12.1 Coupling Constants: Facts and Expectations |
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127 | (2) |
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12.2 Gravitational Coupling Constants |
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129 | (5) |
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134 | (5) |
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135 | (2) |
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137 | (1) |
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138 | (1) |
A Natural Constant Symbols and Values |
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139 | (2) |
Index |
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141 | |