| Foreword |
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xiii | |
| Acknowledgments |
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xv | |
| Introduction |
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xvii | |
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Mushrooms, Civilization, and History |
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1 | (4) |
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The Role of Mushrooms in Nature |
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5 | (12) |
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The Mycorrhizal Gourmet Mushrooms: Matsutake, Boletus, Chanterelles, and Truffles |
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5 | (4) |
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Parasitic Mushrooms: Blights of the Forest |
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9 | (2) |
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Saprophytic Mushrooms: The Decomposers |
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11 | (2) |
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The Global Environmental Shift and the Loss of Species Diversity |
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13 | (1) |
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Catastrophia: Nature as a Substrate Supplier |
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14 | (1) |
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Mushrooms and Toxic Wastes |
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14 | (1) |
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Mushroom Mycelium and Mycofiltration |
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15 | (2) |
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Selecting a Candidate for Cultivation |
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17 | (4) |
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Natural Culture: Creating Mycological Landscapes |
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21 | (18) |
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Methods of Mushroom Culture |
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24 | (1) |
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24 | (1) |
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Transplantation: Mining Mycelium from Wild Patches |
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25 | (1) |
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Inoculating Outdoor Substrates with Pure Cultured Spawn |
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26 | (3) |
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When to Inoculate an Outdoor Mushroom Patch |
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29 | (1) |
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Site Location of a Mushroom Patch |
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29 | (1) |
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Stumps as Platforms for Growing Mushrooms |
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29 | (4) |
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33 | (6) |
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Permaculture with a Mycological Twist: The Stametsian Model for a Synergistic Mycosphere |
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39 | (6) |
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Materials for Formulating a Fruiting Substrate |
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45 | (10) |
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46 | (1) |
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Suitable Wood Types: Candidate Tree Species |
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46 | (4) |
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50 | (1) |
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Paper Products: Newspaper, Cardboard, Books |
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51 | (1) |
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51 | (1) |
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52 | (1) |
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52 | (1) |
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52 | (1) |
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52 | (1) |
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53 | (1) |
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54 | (1) |
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Biological Efficiency: An Expression of Yield |
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55 | (4) |
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Homemade vs. Commercial Spawn |
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59 | (2) |
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61 | (12) |
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The Six Vectors of Contamination |
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73 | (6) |
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Mind and Methods for Mushroom Culture |
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79 | (6) |
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Overview of Techniques for Cultivating Mushrooms |
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82 | (3) |
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Culturing Mushroom Mycelium on Agar Media |
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85 | (12) |
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Preparing Nutrified Agar Media |
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85 | (2) |
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87 | (1) |
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Starting a Mushroom Strain by Cloning |
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88 | (3) |
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Cloning Wild vs. Cultivated Mushrooms |
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91 | (1) |
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91 | (1) |
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92 | (3) |
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95 | (2) |
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The Stock Culture Library: A Genetic Bank of Mushroom Strains |
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97 | (12) |
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Preserving the Culture Library |
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97 | (2) |
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The Stamets ``P'' Value System |
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99 | (2) |
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Iconic Types of Mushroom Mycelium |
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101 | (7) |
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The Event of Volunteer Primordia on Nutrified Agar Media |
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108 | (1) |
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Evaluating a Mushroom Strain |
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109 | (10) |
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Features for Evaluating and Selecting a Mushroom Strain |
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110 | (9) |
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119 | (26) |
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Formulas for Creating Grain Spawn |
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121 | (2) |
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First-Generation Grain Spawn Masters |
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123 | (3) |
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Second-and Third-Generation Grain Spawn |
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126 | (3) |
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129 | (4) |
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Liquid-inoculation Techniques |
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133 | (1) |
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133 | (4) |
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Liquid-inoculation Techniques: Mycelial Fragmentation and Fermentation |
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137 | (4) |
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Pelletized (Granular) Spawn |
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141 | (1) |
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Matching the Spawn with the Substrate: Critical Choices on the Mycelial Path |
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142 | (1) |
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143 | (2) |
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145 | (4) |
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Growing Mushrooms on Enriched Sawdust |
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149 | (18) |
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The Supplemented Sawdust ``Fruiting''' Formula: Creating the Production Block |
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150 | (2) |
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Testing for Moisture Content |
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152 | (1) |
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Choosing a Sterilizer, aka Retort or Autoclave |
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153 | (1) |
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Sterilization of Supplemented Substrates |
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154 | (3) |
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157 | (1) |
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158 | (1) |
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Atmospheric Steam Sterilization of Sawdust Substrates |
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158 | (2) |
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Inoculation of Supplemented Sawdust: Creating the Production Block |
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160 | (4) |
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Incubation of the Production Blocks |
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164 | (1) |
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Achieving Full Colonization on Supplemented Sawdust |
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165 | (1) |
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Handling the Blocks Post-Full Colonization |
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166 | (1) |
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Cultivating Gourmet Mushrooms on Agricultural Waste Products |
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167 | (12) |
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Alternative Fruiting Formulas |
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168 | (1) |
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Heat-Treating the Bulk Substrate |
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169 | (1) |
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The Hot Water Bath Method: Submerged Pasteurization |
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170 | (1) |
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The ``Phase I'' Chamber: Steam Pasteurization |
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171 | (4) |
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Alternative Methods for Rendering Straw and Other Bulk Materials for Cultivation |
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175 | (1) |
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175 | (1) |
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175 | (1) |
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The Hydrogen Peroxide Technique |
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175 | (1) |
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The High-Pressure Extrusion Method |
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176 | (1) |
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176 | (1) |
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177 | (2) |
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179 | (18) |
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179 | (4) |
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183 | (1) |
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Slanted Wall or A-Frame Culture |
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183 | (1) |
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184 | (2) |
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186 | (5) |
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191 | (6) |
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Casing: A Topsoil Promoting Mushroom Formation |
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197 | (4) |
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Growth Parameters for Gourmet and Medicinal Mushroom Species |
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201 | (230) |
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Spawn Run: Colonizing the Substrate |
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202 | (1) |
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Primordia Formation: The Initiation Strategy |
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202 | (3) |
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Fruitbody (Mushroom) Development |
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205 | (2) |
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207 | (142) |
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The Himematsutake Mushroom Agaricus blazei |
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208 | (9) |
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The Portobello Mushroom Agaricus brunnescens |
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217 | (8) |
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The Black Poplar Mushroom Agrocybe aegerita |
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225 | (4) |
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The Shaggy Mane Coprinus comatus |
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229 | (4) |
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The Enoki Mushroom Flammulina velutipes |
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233 | (6) |
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The Clustered Wood-lovers |
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239 | (1) |
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The Brown-Gilled Woodlover Hypholoma capnoides |
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240 | (4) |
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Kuritake (The Chestnut Mushroom) Hypholoma sublateritium |
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244 | (4) |
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248 | (1) |
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Buna-Shimeji Hypsizygus tessulatus |
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249 | (6) |
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Shirotamogitake Hypsizygus ulmarius |
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255 | (4) |
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The Shiitake Mushroom Lentinula edodes |
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259 | (17) |
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The Nameko Mushroom Pholiota nameko |
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276 | (6) |
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282 | (2) |
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Golden Oyster Mushroom Pleurotus citrinopileatus |
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284 | (6) |
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The Abalone Mushroom Pleurotus cystidiosus |
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290 | (5) |
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The Pink Oyster Mushroom Pleurotus djamor |
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295 | (6) |
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The King Oyster Mushroom Pleurotus eryngii |
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301 | (4) |
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The Tarragon Oyster Mushroom Pleurotus euosmus |
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305 | (3) |
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The Tree Oyster Mushroom Pleurotus ostreatus |
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308 | (8) |
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The Phoenix or Indian Oyster Mushroom Pleurotus pulmonarius, ``P. sajor-caju'' |
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316 | (5) |
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The King Tuber Oyster Mushroom Pleurotus tuberregium |
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321 | (5) |
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The Caramel Capped Psilocybes Psilocybe cyanescens complex |
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326 | (8) |
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The King Stropharia Mushroom Stropharia rugosoannulata |
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334 | (7) |
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The Paddy Straw Mushroom Volvariella volvacea |
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341 | (8) |
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349 | (38) |
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Reishi or Ling Chi Ganoderma lucidum |
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352 | (15) |
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Maitake or Hen-of-the-Woods Grifola frondosa |
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367 | (10) |
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Zhu Ling or the Umbrella Polypore Polyporus umbellatus |
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377 | (5) |
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Turkey Tail or Yun Zhi Trametes versicolor |
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382 | (5) |
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The Lion's Mane Hericium erinaceus |
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387 | (8) |
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The Wood Ears Auricularia polytricha |
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395 | (6) |
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401 | (8) |
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White Jelly Mushroom Tremella fuciformis |
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402 | (7) |
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The Cauliflower Mushrooms |
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409 | (6) |
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The Cauliflower Mushroom Sparassis crispa |
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410 | (5) |
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The Morels (Land-Fish Mushrooms) |
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415 | (16) |
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417 | (4) |
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The Development of Indoor Morel Cultivation |
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421 | (1) |
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The Black Morels Morchella angusticeps and Allies |
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422 | (9) |
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Maximizing the Substrate's Potential through Species Sequencing |
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431 | (4) |
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Harvesting, Storing, and Packaging Mushrooms for Market |
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435 | (8) |
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435 | (2) |
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Packaging and Storing the Crop for Market |
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437 | (2) |
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439 | (1) |
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440 | (3) |
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Mushroom Recipes: Enjoying the Fruits of Your Labors |
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443 | (12) |
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Cultivation Problems and Their Solutions: A Troubleshooting Guide |
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455 | (68) |
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458 | (1) |
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459 | (2) |
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461 | (1) |
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Supplemented Sawdust Culture |
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462 | (1) |
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463 | (1) |
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463 | (2) |
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465 | (2) |
| APPENDICES |
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|
Appendix
1. Description of Environments for a Mushroom Farm |
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467 | (8) |
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467 | (1) |
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468 | (7) |
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Appendix
2. Designing and Building a Spawn Laboratory |
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475 | (6) |
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Design Criteria for a Spawn Laboratory |
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477 | (2) |
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Good Clean Room Habits: Helpful Suggestions for Minimizing Contamination in the Laboratory |
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479 | (2) |
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Appendix
3. The Growing Room: An Environment for Mushroom Formation and Growth |
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481 | (8) |
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Design Criteria for the Growing Rooms |
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483 | (4) |
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Managing the Growing Rooms: Good Habits for the Personnel |
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487 | (2) |
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Appendix
4. Resource Directory |
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489 | (14) |
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Recommended Mushroom Field Guides |
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489 | (1) |
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490 | (1) |
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Annual Mushroom Festivals and Events |
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491 | (1) |
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Mushroom Cultivation Seminars and Training Centers |
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492 | (1) |
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Mushroom Study Tours and Adventures |
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493 | (1) |
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International Mushroom Associations |
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493 | (1) |
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North American Mushroom Societies and Associations |
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493 | (4) |
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Mushroom Growers Associations |
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497 | (1) |
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Sources for Mushroom Cultures |
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498 | (1) |
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Sources for Mushroom Spawn |
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499 | (1) |
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Sources for Marketing Information |
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500 | (1) |
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Mushroom Newsletters and Journals |
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500 | (1) |
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501 | (1) |
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Sources for Medicinal Mushroom Products |
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501 | (1) |
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Mycological Resources on the Internet |
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502 | (1) |
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Appendix
5. Analyses of Basic Materials Used in Substrate Preparation |
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503 | (16) |
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Appendix
6. Data Conversion Tables |
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519 | (4) |
| Glossary |
|
523 | (6) |
| Bibliography |
|
529 | (24) |
| Photo and Illustration Credits |
|
553 | (2) |
| Index |
|
555 | |
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