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E-grāmata: Hadal Zone: Life in the Deepest Oceans

4.43/5 (14 ratings by Goodreads)
(University of Aberdeen)
  • Formāts: PDF+DRM
  • Izdošanas datums: 29-Jan-2015
  • Izdevniecība: Cambridge University Press
  • Valoda: eng
  • ISBN-13: 9781316055984
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Hadal Zone: Life in the Deepest OceansPalielināt
  • Formāts: PDF+DRM
  • Izdošanas datums: 29-Jan-2015
  • Izdevniecība: Cambridge University Press
  • Valoda: eng
  • ISBN-13: 9781316055984
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"The hadal zone represents one of the last great frontiers in marine science, accounting for 45% of the total ocean depth range. Despite very little research effort since the 1950s, the last ten years has seen a renaissance in hadal exploration, almost certainly as a result of technological advances that have made this otherwise largely inaccessible frontier, a viable subject for research. Providing an overview of the geology involved in trench formation, the hydrography and food supply, this book details all that is currently known about organisms at hadal depths and linkages to the better known abyssal and bathyal depths. New insights on how, where and what really survives and thrives in the deepest biozone are provided, allowing this region to be considered when dealing with sustainability and conservation issues in the marine environment"--

Recenzijas

'The most comprehensive book yet written on the mysteries of the ocean's deepest places, written by one of its best explorers.' James Cameron, film director, film producer and deep-sea explorer 'Marine scientist Alan Jamieson knows this mysterious region better than most so densely packed with facts on this extraordinary environment that it rewards casual dipping in and out Jamieson has uncovered delights - and shown us just how much we have yet to discover about the hadal zone. Here's hoping for enough new findings to justify a second edition soon.' Daniel Cressey, Nature 'Alan Jamieson has effortlessly brought together a plethora of information on this enigmatic ecosystem. We are introduced to the basic geological development of the deep water trenches of the hadal zone, and the practicalities and challenges of scientific sampling at depth. Referencing is up to date, very clear and comprehensive, and there is a scholarly listing (appendix) of all known species from the hadal depths and the trench in which they have been found.' Ian Carter, The Biologist

Papildus informācija

A long overdue collation of all that is known about life in the trenches and the hadal communities therein.
Preface xi
Acknowledgements xiv
Part I History, geology and technology
Introduction
1(2)
1 The history of hadal science and exploration
3(19)
1.1 Sounding the trenches
4(1)
1.2 Development of plate tectonic theory
5(4)
1.3 Establishing full ocean depth
9(2)
1.4 First sampling of the trenches
11(4)
1.5 Exploratory bathyscaphes
15(1)
1.6 Modern hadal research
16(2)
1.7 Terminology
18(4)
2 Geography and geology
22(23)
2.1 Geographic location
22(9)
2.2 Trench formation
31(4)
2.3 Topography
35(3)
2.4 Sedimentation and seismic activity
38(5)
2.5 The hado-pelagic zone
43(2)
3 Full ocean depth technology
45(28)
3.1 The challenge of wires
46(4)
3.2 The challenge of high pressure
50(2)
3.3 Trawling and coring
52(4)
3.4 Cameras and traps
56(8)
3.5 Biogeochemistry instruments
64(1)
3.6 Remotely operated vehicles (ROVs)
65(2)
3.7 Manned submersibles
67(6)
Part II Environmental conditions and physiological adaptations
Introduction
73(2)
4 The hadal environment
75(17)
4.1 Deep-water masses and bottom currents
75(5)
4.2 Temperature, salinity and oxygen
80(6)
4.3 Adaptations to low temperature
86(2)
4.4 Light
88(1)
4.5 Substrata
89(3)
5 Hydrostatic pressure
92(17)
5.1 Piezophiles
92(2)
5.2 Pressure and depth
94(3)
5.3 Carbonate compensation depth
97(1)
5.4 Adaptations to high pressure
98(11)
6 Food supply to the trenches
109(16)
6.1 Particulate organic matter (POM)
109(7)
6.2 Carrion-falls
116(3)
6.3 Plant and wood debris
119(1)
6.4 Chemosynthesis
120(1)
6.5 Heterogeneity
121(1)
6.6 Adaptation to low food availability
122(3)
Part III The hadal community
Introduction
125(2)
7 Microbes, protists and worms
127(21)
7.1 Bacteria
127(5)
7.2 Foraminifera
132(6)
7.3 Nematoda
138(2)
7.4 Polychaeta
140(5)
7.5 Miscellaneous worms
145(3)
8 Porifera, Mollusca and Echinodermata
148(21)
8.1 Porifera
148(1)
8.2 Mollusca
148(8)
8.3 Echinodermata
156(11)
8.4 Other benthic invertebrates
167(2)
9 Crustacea
169(48)
9.1 Copepoda
171(1)
9.2 Cirripedia
172(1)
9.3 Ostracoda
172(1)
9.4 Mysidacea
173(3)
9.5 Cumacea
176(1)
9.6 Tanaidacea
176(4)
9.7 Isopoda
180(8)
9.8 Amphipoda
188(23)
9.9 Decapoda
211(4)
9.10 Acariformes
215(1)
9.11 Pantopoda
216(1)
10 Cnidaria and fish
217(22)
10.1 Cnidaria
217(3)
10.2 Fish
220(19)
Part IV Patterns and current perspectives
Introduction
239(2)
11 Ecology and evolution
241(25)
11.1 Antiquity
241(2)
11.2 Speciation and endemism
243(6)
11.3 Community structure
249(6)
11.4 Vertical zonation
255(3)
11.5 Relationships with area and depth
258(6)
11.6 Habitat heterogeneity
264(2)
12 Current perspectives
266(19)
12.1 Exploitation and conservation
267(5)
12.2 Living in the shadow of a trench
272(3)
12.3 Public perception
275(4)
12.4 Life in extreme environments
279(2)
12.5 Bioprospecting and biotechnology
281(1)
12.6 Future challenges
282(3)
Appendix 285(37)
References 322(41)
Index 363
Alan Jamieson is a Senior Lecturer at the University of Aberdeen, based at Oceanlab. His research is focused on the exploration of the hadal zone for biological research. He is the designer and operator of the 'Hadal-Landers' that over the last seven years have been deployed over 100 times in ultra-deep trenches of the Pacific Ocean.
Biežāk uzdotie jautājumi par e-grāmatām Biežāk uzdotie jautājumi par e-grāmatām
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