Contributors |
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xv | |
Preface |
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xxv | |
Acknowledgments |
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xxvii | |
Part 1: History |
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1 The History of Local Anesthesia |
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3 | (18) |
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Part 2: Foundations Of Local And Regional Anesthesia |
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Section 1: Anatomy and Histology of Peripheral Nervous System and Neuraxis |
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21 | (18) |
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3 Functional Regional Anesthesia Anatomy |
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39 | (32) |
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4 Histology of the Peripheral Nerves and Light Microscopy |
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71 | (15) |
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5 Connective Tissues of Peripheral Nerves |
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86 | (15) |
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6 Ultrastructural Anatomy of the Spinal Meninges and Related Structure |
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101 | (23) |
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7 Clinical Pharmacology of Local Anesthetics |
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124 | (14) |
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8 Controlled-Release Local Anesthetics |
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138 | (9) |
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9 Analgesic Adjuvants in the Peripheral Nervous System |
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147 | (10) |
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10 Local Anesthetic Mixtures for Peripheral Nerve Blocks |
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157 | (6) |
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11 Continuous Peripheral Nerve Blocks: Local Anesthetic Solutions and Infusion Strategies |
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163 | (4) |
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Section 3: Equipment for Peripheral Nerve Blocks |
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12 Equipment for Regional Anesthesia |
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167 | (14) |
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13 Equipment for Continuous Peripheral Nerve Blocks |
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181 | (13) |
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14 Electrical Nerve Stimulators and Localization of Peripheral Nerves |
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194 | (17) |
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Section 4: Patient Management Considerations |
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15 Developing Regional Anesthesia Pathways |
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211 | (12) |
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16 Infection Control in Regional Anesthesia |
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223 | (29) |
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17 Local Anesthetics, Regional Anesthesia, and Cancer Recurrence |
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252 | (14) |
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18 Perioperative Regional Anesthesia and Analgesia: Effects on Cancer Recurrence and Survival After Oncological Surgery |
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266 | (12) |
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Part 3: Clinical Practice Of Regional Anesthesia |
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Part 3A: Local and Infiltrational Anesthesia |
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19 Intra-articular and Periarticular Infiltration of Local Anesthetics |
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278 | (11) |
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20 Regional and Topical Anesthesia for Awake Endotracheal Intubation |
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289 | (12) |
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Part 3B: Intravenous Regional Block for Upper & Lower Extremity |
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21 Intravenous Regional Block for Upper and Lower Extremity Surgery |
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301 | (17) |
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Part 3C: Neuraxial Anesthesia |
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Section 1: Spinal Anesthesia |
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22 Neuraxial Anatomy (Anatomy Relevant to Neuraxial Anesthesia) |
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318 | (10) |
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328 | (42) |
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23A Mechanisms and Management of Failed Spinal Anesthesia |
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370 | (10) |
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Section 2: Epidural Anesthesia |
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24 Epidural Anesthesia and Analgesia |
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380 | (66) |
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Section 3: Caudal Anesthesia |
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446 | (16) |
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Section 4: Combined Spinal and Epidural Anesthesia |
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26 Combined Spinal-Epidural Anesthesia |
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462 | (18) |
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Section 5: Postdural Puncture Headache |
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27 Postdural Puncture Headache |
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480 | (23) |
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Part 3D: Ultrasound-Guided Nerve Blocks |
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Section 1: Fundamentals of Ultrasound-Guided Regional Anesthesia |
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503 | (13) |
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29 Optimizing an Ultrasound Image |
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516 | (9) |
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30 Introduction to Ultrasound-Guided Regional Anesthesia |
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525 | (10) |
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Section 2: Ultrasound-Guided Head and Neck Nerve Blocks |
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31 Nerve Blocks of the Face |
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535 | (17) |
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Section 3: Ultrasound-Guided Nerve Blocks for the Upper Extremity |
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32A Ultrasound-Guided Cervical Plexus Block |
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552 | (6) |
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32B Ultrasound-Guided lnterscalene Brachial Plexus Block |
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558 | (10) |
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32C Ultrasound-Guided Supraclavicular Brachial Plexus Block |
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568 | (6) |
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32D Ultrasound-Guided Infraclavicular Brachial Plexus Block |
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574 | (6) |
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32E Ultrasound-Guided Axillary Brachial Plexus Block |
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580 | (6) |
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32F Ultrasound-Guided Blocks at the Elbow |
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586 | (5) |
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32G Ultrasound-Guided Wrist Block |
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591 | (4) |
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Section 4: Ultrasound-Guided Nerve Blocks for the Lower Extremity |
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33A Ultrasound-Guided Femoral Nerve Block |
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595 | (7) |
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33B Ultrasound-Guided Fascia Iliaca Block |
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602 | (5) |
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33C Ultrasound-Guided Lateral Femoral Cutaneous Nerve Block |
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607 | (3) |
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33D Ultrasound-Guided Obturator Nerve Block |
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610 | (5) |
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33E Ultrasound-Guided Saphenous (Subsartorius/Adductor Canal) Nerve Block |
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615 | (5) |
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33F Ultrasound-Guided Sciatic Nerve Block |
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620 | (8) |
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33G Ultrasound-Guided Popliteal Sciatic Block |
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628 | (8) |
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33H Ultrasound-Guided Ankle Block |
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636 | (6) |
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Section 5: Ultrasound-Guided Nerve Blocks for Abdominal & Thoracic Wall |
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34 Ultrasound-Guided Transversus Abdominis Plane and Quadratus Lumborum Blocks |
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642 | (8) |
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35 Pectoralis and Serratus Plane Blocks |
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650 | (12) |
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Part 3E: Local and Regional Anesthesia for Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery |
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36 Oral & Maxillofacial Regional Anesthesia |
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662 | (78) |
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40 Spinal Sonography and Applications of Ultrasound for Central Neuraxial Blocks |
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740 | |
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Part 3F: Local and Regional Anesthesia for the Eye |
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37 Local and Regional Anesthesia for Ophthalmic Surgery |
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683 | (28) |
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Part 4: Ultrasound Imaging Of Neuraxial And Perivertebral Space |
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38 Sonography of the Lumbar Paravertebral Space and Considerations for Ultrasound-Guided Lumbar Plexus Block |
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711 | (10) |
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39 Lumbar Paravertebral Sonography and Considerations for Ultrasound-Guided Lumbar Plexus Block |
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721 | (109) |
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44 Peripheral Nerve Blocks for Children |
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830 | (18) |
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45 Acute and Chronic Pain Management in Children |
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848 | |
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Part 5: Obstetric Anesthesia |
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41 Obstetric Regional Anesthesia |
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773 | (26) |
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Part 6: Pediatric Anesthesia |
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42 Regional Anesthesia in Pediatric Patients: General Considerations |
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799 | (8) |
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43 Pediatric Epidural and Spinal Anesthesia & Analgesia |
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807 | (58) |
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Part 7: Anesthesia In Patients With Specific Considerations |
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46 Perioperative Regional Anesthesia in the Elderly |
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865 | (16) |
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47 Regional Anesthesia & Cardiovascular Disease |
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881 | (15) |
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48 Regional Anesthesia & Systemic Disease |
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896 | (14) |
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49 Regional Anesthesia in the Patient with Preexisting Neurologic Disease |
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910 | (11) |
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50 Acute Compartment Syndrome of the Limb: Implications for Regional Anesthesia |
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921 | (10) |
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51 Peripheral Nerve Blocks for Outpatient Surgery |
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931 | (8) |
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52 Neuraxial Anesthesia & Peripheral Nerve Blocks in Patients on Anticoagulants |
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939 | (18) |
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53 Regional Analgesia in the Critically III |
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957 | (10) |
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54 Acute Pain Management in the Opioid-Dependent Patient |
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967 | (10) |
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55 Regional Anesthesia in Patients with Trauma |
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977 | (11) |
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56 Regional Anesthesia for Cardiac and Thoracic Anesthesia |
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988 | (16) |
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57 Regional Anesthesia in Austere Environment Medicine |
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1004 | (9) |
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Chester C. Buckenmaier III |
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58 Anesthesia for Humanitarian Relief Operations |
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1013 | (10) |
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Part 8: Regional Anesthesia In The Emergency Department |
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59 Regional Anesthesia and Acute Pain Management in the Emergency Department |
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1023 | (24) |
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Part 9: Complications Of Local And Regional Anesthesia |
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60 Complications and Prevention of Neurologic Injury with Peripheral Nerve Blocks |
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1047 | (21) |
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61 Assessment of Neurologic Complications of Regional Anesthesia |
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1068 | (10) |
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62 Perioperative Nerve Injury Unrelated to Nerve Blockade |
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1078 | (8) |
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63 Monitoring, Documentation, and Consent for Regional Anesthesia Procedures |
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1086 | (12) |
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64 Diagnosis and Management of Spinal and Peripheral Nerve Hematoma |
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1098 | (11) |
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Part 10: Last: Local Anesthetic Systemic Toxicity |
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65 Local Anesthetic Systemic Toxicity |
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1109 | (8) |
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Part 11: Perioperative Outcome And Economics Of Regional Anesthesia |
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66 Pharmacoeconomics of Regional Anesthesia: Implications in Ambulatory Orthopedic Surgery, Hospital Admission, and Early Rehabilitation |
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1117 | (21) |
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67 Regional Anesthesia, Cost, Operating Room, and Personnel Management |
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1138 | (9) |
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68 Regional Anesthesia and Perioperative Outcome |
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1147 | (9) |
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69 The Effects of Regional Anesthesia on Functional Outcome After Surgery |
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1156 | (57) |
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74 Pain: Epidemiology, Psychology, and Impact on Function |
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1213 | (6) |
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75 Multimodal Analgesia: Pharmacologic Interventions and Prevention of Persistent Postoperative Pain |
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1219 | (7) |
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76 The Role of Nonopioid Analgesic Infusions in the Management of Postoperative Pain |
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1226 | (11) |
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Gildasio S. De Oliveira Jr |
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Part 13: Education In Regional Anesthesia |
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77 Teaching Regional Anesthesia |
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1237 | |
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Part 12: Acute Pain Management |
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70 Intravenous Patient-Controlled Analgesia |
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1167 | (13) |
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71 Continuous Peripheral Nerve Blocks |
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1180 | (7) |
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72 Organization of an Acute Pain Management Service Incorporating Regional Anesthesia Techniques |
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1187 | (17) |
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73 Neurobiologic Mechanisms of Nociception |
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1204 | (41) |
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78 Regional Anesthesia and Acute Pain Medicine Fellowship |
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1245 | (18) |
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Part 14: Statistics And Principles Of Research Design In Regional. Anesthesia And Acute Pain Medicine |
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79 Principles of Statistical Methods for Research in Regional Anesthesia |
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1263 | (26) |
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Part 15: Nerve Stimulator And Surface Anatomy-Based Nerve Blocks |
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Section 1: Upper Extremity |
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80A Cervical Plexus Block |
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1289 | (8) |
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80B Interscalene Brachial Plexus Block |
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1297 | (14) |
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80C Supraclavicular Brachial Plexus Block |
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1311 | (6) |
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80D Infraclavicular Brachial Plexus Block |
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1317 | (11) |
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80E Axillary Brachial Plexus Block |
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1328 | (10) |
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Zbigniew J. Koscielniak-Nielsen |
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1338 | (8) |
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1346 | (5) |
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80H Cutaneous Blocks for the Upper Extremity |
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1351 | (8) |
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Section 2: Truncal Blocks |
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81A Thoracic & Lumbar Paravertebral Block |
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1359 | (15) |
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81B Intercostal Nerve Block |
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1374 | (6) |
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Section 3: Lower Extremity Blocks |
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1380 | (8) |
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82B Obturator Nerve Block |
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1388 | (9) |
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1397 | (7) |
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1404 | (14) |
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82E Block of the Sciatic Nerve in the Popliteal Fossa |
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1418 | (9) |
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1427 | (8) |
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82G Cutaneous Nerve Blocks of the Lower Extremity |
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1435 | (10) |
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Appendices |
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Appendix 1: European Recommendations for Use of Regional Anesthesia in the Setting of Anticoagulation |
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1445 | (4) |
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Appendix 2: Disposition of Injectate with Common Regional Anesthesia Techniques |
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1449 | (20) |
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Index |
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1469 | |