| Handbook Introduction |
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iii | |
| Preface |
|
v | |
| Contributors |
|
ix | |
|
Detergents: Technical and Practical Challenges |
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|
1 | (6) |
|
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Surfactants: Classification |
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7 | (40) |
|
Louis Oldenhove de Guertechin |
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47 | (52) |
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|
99 | (34) |
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Anionic-Cationic Surfactant Mixtures |
|
|
133 | (24) |
|
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Polymer-Surfactant Interactins: Their Behavior at the Solid-Liquid Interface |
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157 | (24) |
|
Anne-Marie Misselyn-Bauduin |
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181 | (72) |
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253 | (50) |
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Equilibrium and Dynamics of Surfactant Adsorption Monolayers and Thin Liquid Films |
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303 | (116) |
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Foam in Consumer Products |
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419 | (14) |
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Surfactant Interactions with Skin |
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|
433 | (36) |
|
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|
Models for Studying Surfactant interactions with the Skin |
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469 | (42) |
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|
|
Properties of Builders: Nonphosphate Builders |
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|
511 | (48) |
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559 | (38) |
|
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597 | (22) |
|
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619 | (12) |
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|
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Applications of Hypochlorite |
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|
631 | (8) |
|
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Detergent Enzymes: A Challenge! |
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639 | (52) |
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691 | (30) |
|
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The Use of Colorants in Soaps and Detergents |
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721 | (22) |
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Disinfection and Preservation in Detergents |
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743 | (14) |
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Rheological Modifiers for Aqueous Solutions |
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|
757 | (30) |
|
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| Index |
|
787 | (24) |
| Handbook Introduction |
|
iii | |
| Preface |
|
vii | |
| Contributors |
|
xiii | |
|
Part I The Multidimensionality of Detergent-Related Environmental Impact and Its Assessment |
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|
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Sustainable Relationships: Raw Materials-Surfactant/Detergent Production/Formulation-Usage/Consumption-Environment: A Systemic Challenge for the New Millennium |
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|
1 | (10) |
|
|
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Detergents and the Environment: Historical Review |
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11 | (66) |
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Distribution, Behavior, Fate, and Effects of Surfactants and Their Degradation Products in the Environment |
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|
77 | (34) |
|
|
|
Relevance of Biodegradation Assessments of Detergents/Surfactants |
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|
111 | (18) |
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|
|
Toxicology and Ecotoxicology of Detergent Chemicals |
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|
129 | (18) |
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Generation and Use of Data to Predict Environmental Concentrations for use in Detergent Risk Assessments |
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147 | (48) |
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|
Life Cycle Assessment: A Novel Approach to the Environmental Profile of Detergent Consumer Products |
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195 | (16) |
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Biodegradability and Toxicity of Surfactants |
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|
211 | (38) |
|
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The Biodegradability of Detergent Ingredients in an Environemental Context: A Practical Approach |
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|
249 | (22) |
|
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|
Environmental Risk Assessment of Surfactants: Quantitative Structure-Activity Relationships for Aquatic Toxicity |
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|
271 | (28) |
|
|
|
Environmental Impacts of Detergent Packaging: The Case of Plastic Bottles |
|
|
299 | (18) |
|
|
|
European Environmental Safety Legislation on Detergents |
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|
317 | (30) |
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|
The Application of Environmental Risk Assessment to Detergent Ingredients in Consumer Products |
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|
347 | (26) |
|
Christina Cowan-Ellsberry |
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|
Part II Environmental Behavior, Effects, and Impact of Detergent Components |
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|
|
Surfactants in the Enviroment: Fate and Effects of Linear Alkylbenzene Sulfonates (LAS) and Alcohol-Based Surfactants |
|
|
373 | (56) |
|
|
|
The Environmental Safety of Alkylphenol Ethoxylates Demonstrated by Risk Assessment and Guidelines for Their Safe Use |
|
|
429 | (18) |
|
|
|
Estrogenic Effects of the Alklyphenol Ethoxylates and Their Biodegradation Products |
|
|
447 | (20) |
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|
|
|
The Survival and Distribution of Alkylphenol Ethoxylate Surfactants in Surface Water and Groundwater: The Case of Isreal-Is There an Environmental Problem? |
|
|
467 | (20) |
|
|
|
Ecology and Toxicology of Alkyl Polyglysosides |
|
|
487 | (36) |
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|
|
Biodegradation of Cationic Surfactants: An Environmental Perspective |
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|
523 | (28) |
|
|
|
Biodegradability of Amphoteric Surfactants |
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|
551 | (22) |
|
|
|
|
|
Environmental Impact of Inorganic Detergent Builders |
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|
573 | (38) |
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|
|
Environmental Impact of Aminocarboxylate Chelating Agents |
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|
611 | (18) |
|
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Environmental Impact of Bleaching Activators |
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|
629 | (16) |
|
|
|
Perborates: The Environmentally Problematic Bleaching Agents |
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|
645 | (18) |
|
|
|
|
|
Toxicology and Ecotoxicology of Minor Components in Personal Care Products |
|
|
663 | (28) |
|
|
|
The Environmental Impact of Surfactant Ingredients in Pesticide Formulations---Special Focus on Alcohol Ethoxylates and Alkylamine Ethoxylates |
|
|
691 | (28) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Biodegradation of Surface-Active Detergent Components in Sewage Treatment Plants |
|
|
719 | (20) |
|
|
|
Surfactant Biodegradation: Sugar-based Surfactants Compared to Other Surfactants |
|
|
739 | (22) |
|
|
|
|
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|
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|
|
Biotreatment of Wastewater with a High Concentration of Surfactants |
|
|
761 | (24) |
|
|
|
|
|
Science Versus Politics in the Environmental Regulatory Process |
|
|
785 | (18) |
|
|
|
The Environmental Impact of Detergents: Which Way is the Wind Blowing? |
|
|
803 | (8) |
|
|
| Index |
|
811 | |
| Handbook Introduction |
|
iii | |
| Preface |
|
vii | |
| Contributors |
|
xi | |
|
Types and Typical Ingredients of Detergents |
|
|
1 | (100) |
|
|
|
Analysis of Detergent Formulations---General Procedure |
|
|
101 | (48) |
|
|
|
Determination of Nonionic Surfactants |
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|
149 | (66) |
|
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|
|
Determination of Anionic Surfactants |
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|
215 | (74) |
|
|
|
Analysis of Cationic and Amphoteric Surfactants |
|
|
289 | (100) |
|
|
|
Analysis of Inorganic Detergent Builders |
|
|
389 | (36) |
|
|
|
Sequestrants and Chelating Agents |
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|
425 | (14) |
|
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|
|
Analysis of Bleaching Agents and Bleaching Accelerators |
|
|
439 | (32) |
|
|
|
Analysis of Detergent Enzymes |
|
|
471 | (16) |
|
|
|
|
|
Determination of Optical Brighteners in Laundry Detergents |
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|
487 | (20) |
|
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|
|
Miscellaneous Ingredients |
|
|
507 | (34) |
|
|
|
|
|
Testing Performance of Detergents and Cleansers |
|
|
541 | (10) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Environmentally Related Analysis |
|
|
551 | (30) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Analytical Techniques: Basics and Fields of Application |
|
|
581 | (62) |
|
|
| Future Trends |
|
643 | (2) |
| Index |
|
645 | |
|
Introduction to Detergents |
|
|
1 | (26) |
|
|
|
Statistical Mixture Design for Optimization of Detergent Formulations |
|
|
27 | (24) |
|
|
|
|
|
Laundry Detergent Formulations |
|
|
51 | (54) |
|
|
|
Dishwashing Detergents for Household Applications |
|
|
105 | (48) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
The Formulation of Liquid Household Cleaners |
|
|
153 | (26) |
|
|
|
Liquid Bleach Formulations |
|
|
179 | (28) |
|
|
|
|
|
Personal Care Formulations |
|
|
207 | (54) |
|
|
|
|
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|
|
|
|
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|
|
|
Special Purpose Cleaning Formulations: Auto Care and Industrial/Institutional Products |
|
|
261 | (18) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Surfactant Applications in Textile Processing |
|
|
279 | (26) |
|
|
|
|
|
Detergent Formulations in Separation Science |
|
|
305 | (20) |
|
|
|
|
|
Surfactant Formulations in Enhanced Oil Recovery |
|
|
325 | (22) |
|
|
|
Surfactant-Based Systems for Environmental Remediation |
|
|
347 | (22) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
369 | (18) |
|
|
|
Surfactant Formulations in Polymerization |
|
|
387 | (50) |
|
|
|
Detergent Formulations in Lubricants |
|
|
437 | (36) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
473 | (10) |
|
|
|
Future Outlook for Detergent Formulations |
|
|
483 | (36) |
|
|
| Index |
|
519 | |
| Handbook Introduction |
|
xiii | |
| Handbook of Detergents Series |
|
xv | |
| Preface |
|
xvii | |
| Editor |
|
xix | |
| Contributors |
|
xxi | |
|
Detergents Application: Current Realities and Future Perspectives |
|
|
1 | (4) |
|
|
|
All-Purpose Cleaners and Their Formulation |
|
|
5 | (34) |
|
|
|
Dishwashing with Detergents |
|
|
39 | (30) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Applications of Detergent in Laundering |
|
|
69 | (14) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
83 | (26) |
|
|
|
Application of Personal Care Detergent Formulations |
|
|
109 | (26) |
|
|
|
|
|
Body-Cleansing Technology |
|
|
135 | (16) |
|
|
|
Applications of Surfactants in Shampoos |
|
|
151 | (30) |
|
|
|
|
|
181 | (20) |
|
|
|
|
|
Industrial and Institutional Cleaners |
|
|
201 | (86) |
|
|
|
Applications of Amphoterics-Based Formulations |
|
|
287 | (14) |
|
|
|
|
|
Detergents in Agrochemical and Pesticide Applications |
|
|
301 | (30) |
|
|
|
Application of Surfactants in Lubricants and Fuels |
|
|
331 | (14) |
|
|
|
|
|
Polymeric Surfactants and Their Applications: Steric, Emulsion, and Suspension Stabilization |
|
|
345 | (18) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Application of Surfactants in Environmental Remediation |
|
|
363 | (12) |
|
|
|
Application of Bleaching Detergent Formulations |
|
|
375 | (44) |
|
|
|
|
|
Role of Surfactants in Paints, Inks, and Polishes |
|
|
419 | (36) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Applications of Surfactants in Pharmaceutical Dosage Forms |
|
|
455 | (14) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Index |
|
469 | (110) |
| Handbook Introduction |
|
xv | |
| Handbook of Detergents Series |
|
xvii | |
| Preface |
|
xix | |
| Editor |
|
xxi | |
| Co-Editor |
|
xxiii | |
| Contributors |
|
xxv | |
|
Surfactant Production: Present Realities and Future Perspectives |
|
|
1 | (38) |
|
|
|
Detergent Alkylate and Detergent Olefins Production |
|
|
39 | (10) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Production and Economics of Alkylphenols, Alkylphenolethoxylates, and Their Raw Materials |
|
|
49 | (20) |
|
|
|
Production of Alkyl Glucosides |
|
|
69 | (14) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Production of Linear Alkylbenzene Sulfonate and α-Olefin Sulfonates |
|
|
83 | (34) |
|
|
|
Production of Alcohols and Alcohol Sulfates |
|
|
117 | (22) |
|
|
|
Production of Alkanesulfonates and Related Compounds (High-Molecular-Weight Sulfonates) |
|
|
139 | (20) |
|
|
|
Production of Glyceryl Ether Sulfonates |
|
|
159 | (12) |
|
|
|
Manufacture of Syndet Toilet Bars |
|
|
171 | (12) |
|
|
|
Phosphate Ester Surfactants |
|
|
183 | (18) |
|
|
|
|
|
Production of Methyl Ester Sulfonates |
|
|
201 | (20) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Amphoteric Surfactants: Synthesis and Production |
|
|
221 | (18) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Production of Alkanolamides, Alkylpolyglucosides, Alkylsulfosuccinates, and Alkylgucamides |
|
|
239 | (8) |
|
|
|
|
|
Production of Hydrotropes |
|
|
247 | (6) |
|
|
|
|
|
Production of Ethylene Oxide/Propylene Oxide Block Copolymers |
|
|
253 | (18) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Production of Oxyethylated Fatty Acid Methyl Esters |
|
|
271 | (14) |
|
|
|
Production of Silicone Surfactants and Antifoam Compounds in Detergents |
|
|
285 | (16) |
|
|
|
|
|
Production of Fluorinated Surfactants by Electrochemical Fluorination |
|
|
301 | (22) |
|
|
|
|
|
323 | (42) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Production of Quaternary Surfactants |
|
|
365 | (10) |
|
|
|
Production of Detergent Builders: Phosphates, Carbonates, and Polycarboxylates |
|
|
375 | (12) |
|
|
|
Production of Silicates and Zeolites for Detergent Industry |
|
|
387 | (34) |
|
|
|
Production of Inorganic and Organic Bleaching Ingredients |
|
|
421 | (14) |
|
|
|
Inorganic Bleaches: Production of Hypochlorite |
|
|
435 | (38) |
|
|
|
Production of Key Ingredients of Detergent Personal Care Products |
|
|
473 | (18) |
|
|
|
|
|
Production of Solvents for Detergent Industry |
|
|
491 | (40) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Production of Proteases and Other Detergent Enzymes |
|
|
531 | (16) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Chemistry, Production, and Application of Fluorescent Whitening Agents |
|
|
547 | (14) |
|
|
|
|
|
Production of Gemini Surfactants |
|
|
561 | (18) |
|
|
|
|
| Index |
|
579 | |
Biežāk uzdotie jautājumi par e-grāmatām