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Part I General Approaches to Ratings |
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1 Ratings as Tools of Informational Transparency |
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3 | (24) |
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1.1 Evolution of the Understanding of Rating |
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3 | (8) |
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1.1.1 What Is Success and Successfulness? |
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3 | (2) |
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1.1.2 How Can Success Be Measured? |
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5 | (1) |
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1.1.3 So What Are Ratings? |
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6 | (1) |
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1.1.4 Rating Is Not Ranking |
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7 | (1) |
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1.1.5 Ratings and Indices |
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8 | (1) |
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1.1.6 Ratings and Expert Evaluation |
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9 | (1) |
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1.1.7 Expertise or Computability |
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9 | (2) |
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1.2 Ratings as a Special Type of Expertise |
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11 | (5) |
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1.2.1 Informational Uncertainty and the Problem of Selection |
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11 | (1) |
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1.2.2 Remote and Insider Ratings |
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12 | (1) |
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1.2.3 Key Classification Parameters |
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13 | (1) |
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1.2.4 What Is an Ordered Scale? |
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14 | (1) |
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1.2.5 Rating as a Result of Total Macrotournament |
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14 | (1) |
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1.2.6 Expansion of Use of Ratings |
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15 | (1) |
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16 | (7) |
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1.3.1 Rating Agencies: History Lesson |
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16 | (2) |
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1.3.2 Audience and Requirements to Ratings |
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18 | (1) |
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1.3.3 Methodological Peculiarities of the Present-Day Ratings |
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19 | (1) |
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1.3.4 Rating Agencies: Regulation of Activities |
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20 | (3) |
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1.4 The Main Regularity of a Rating |
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23 | (4) |
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Part II Ratings in the Economy and Business |
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2 Credit Ratings as A Financial Risk Measure |
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27 | (36) |
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2.1 Credit Ratings in the Market Economy |
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27 | (9) |
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2.1.1 Definition and Function of Credit Ratings |
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27 | (2) |
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2.1.2 Potential Users of Ratings |
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29 | (1) |
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2.1.3 Rating Process as a Business |
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30 | (3) |
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2.1.4 How Ratings Are Compiled and Published |
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33 | (3) |
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2.2 Methodology of Establishing Ratings |
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36 | (13) |
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2.2.1 Bases for Issuing Ratings |
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36 | (1) |
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2.2.2 Main Provisions of Methodology |
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37 | (3) |
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2.2.3 Model Describing an Economic Agent |
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40 | (3) |
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2.2.4 Technique for Assessing Financial Institutions Ratings |
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43 | (3) |
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2.2.5 Particular Features of Issuing Ratings to Industrial Companies |
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46 | (1) |
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2.2.6 Sovereign and Regional Ratings Methodologies |
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47 | (2) |
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49 | (14) |
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2.3.1 Moody's Investors Service Ratings |
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49 | (3) |
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2.3.2 Standard and Poor's Ratings |
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52 | (2) |
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2.3.3 Special Features of Ratings by Fitch Ratings Agency |
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54 | (1) |
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2.3.4 Rating Agencies' Research and Informational Products |
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54 | (1) |
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2.3.5 Foreign Rating Agencies in Russia |
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55 | (3) |
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2.3.6 Russian Rating Agencies |
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58 | (3) |
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61 | (2) |
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3 Modelling of Credit Ratings |
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63 | (44) |
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3.1 Specification of Internal and Model Ratings |
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63 | (4) |
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3.2 Bank Rating Models of the Top Rating Agencies |
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67 | (10) |
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3.2.1 Moody's Econometric Rating Models |
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67 | (4) |
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3.2.2 Comparative Analysis of Bank Ratings by Foreign Agencies |
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71 | (6) |
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3.3 Rating Models of Industrial Companies |
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77 | (5) |
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3.4 Analysis and Modeling of Sovereign Ratings |
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82 | (4) |
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3.5 Default Probability Models |
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86 | (13) |
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3.6 System of Ratings and Comparison of Rating Scales |
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99 | (8) |
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105 | (2) |
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4 Ratings for the Regulation of Financial Markets |
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107 | (20) |
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4.1 Regulation and Monitoring of Financial Markets |
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107 | (2) |
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4.2 Functions of Regulators and Megaregulation |
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109 | (1) |
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4.3 The Basel Agreement as a Methodology of Regulation |
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110 | (4) |
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4.4 New Problems of Supervisory Authorities: Contamination and Systemic Risks |
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114 | (3) |
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4.4.1 Special Features and Classification of Crises |
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114 | (2) |
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4.4.2 Liquidity Crisis of 2008 |
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116 | (1) |
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4.5 Remote Monitoring as a Prudential Task |
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117 | (4) |
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4.5.1 Early Warning Systems |
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118 | (3) |
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4.6 Special Features of Megaregulations in Russia |
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121 | (6) |
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4.6.1 Forming a Set of Instruments of a Mega Regulator |
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123 | (1) |
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124 | (3) |
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5 Ratings of Quality and Management |
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127 | (28) |
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5.1 Business Competitiveness Ratings |
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127 | (1) |
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128 | (8) |
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5.2.1 The Principles of Development |
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128 | (2) |
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5.2.2 Methods for Assessing a Dynamic Rating |
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130 | (4) |
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5.2.3 Forming the Rating Scale for the Designer |
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134 | (2) |
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5.3 Rating System of the Construction Industry |
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136 | (6) |
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5.3.1 Methodological Features |
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136 | (2) |
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5.3.2 Remote Rating of Surveyors (Prospectors) |
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138 | (1) |
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5.3.3 Remote Rating of Industrial Designers |
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139 | (1) |
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5.3.4 Remote Rating of Builders |
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140 | (2) |
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5.4 Ratings of Quality of Commodities and Services |
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142 | (4) |
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143 | (1) |
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5.4.2 Ratings of Restaurants |
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143 | (1) |
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5.4.3 Ratings of Servicers |
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144 | (1) |
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5.4.4 Ratings of Stability and Quality of Factoring Companies |
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145 | (1) |
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5.5 Corporate Management Ratings |
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146 | (2) |
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148 | (7) |
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148 | (1) |
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5.6.2 Condition (State) of the Banking System Index |
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149 | (1) |
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5.6.3 Rating Agency S&P' Indices |
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150 | (1) |
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5.6.4 Russian Trading System Indices: (RTS Indices) |
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151 | (1) |
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152 | (3) |
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Part III Ratings and Rankings in Sports |
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6 Problem of Rating in Sports and Its Possible Solutions |
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155 | (32) |
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6.1 Special Aspects of the Rating Problem in Sports |
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155 | (1) |
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6.2 Examples of Existing Classifications |
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156 | (8) |
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6.2.1 Rating Hockey Players |
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156 | (1) |
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6.2.2 Classification of the International European Go Federation (Go) |
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156 | (2) |
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6.2.3 Ratings of the Youth Association of Intellectual Games ("What? Where? When?", "Brain Ring") |
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158 | (1) |
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6.2.4 Rankings in Sailing |
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159 | (1) |
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6.2.5 Tennis: ATP Ranking |
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160 | (1) |
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6.2.6 Football: FIFA/Coca-Cola Ranking |
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161 | (3) |
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6.3 Contribution of Individual People to Studying the Rating and Ranking Problem |
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164 | (13) |
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6.3.1 A. Elo. The First Table of Factors |
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164 | (2) |
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6.3.2 R. Billingsley Rating in the US College Football |
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166 | (2) |
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6.3.3 M.E. Glickman. Glicko Rating System |
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168 | (1) |
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6.3.4 "Natural" Rating by E.L. Potyomkin |
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169 | (3) |
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6.3.5 L.E. Sadovskiy, A.L. Sadovskiy, O.L. Sadovskaya. Mathematical Aspects of Rating |
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172 | (3) |
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6.3.6 J. Sonas The Sonas Rating Formula---Better Than Elo? |
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175 | (2) |
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6.4 Regional Ratings of Football Development |
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177 | (10) |
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6.4.1 Rating Russia's Regions as per the Level of Football Development |
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179 | (2) |
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6.4.2 Ranking Countries as per the Level of Football Development |
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181 | (4) |
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185 | (2) |
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7 Evolution of Ideas About Rating and Ranking in Sports |
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187 | (14) |
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7.1 How Do Different Classifications Define the Concept of Rating? |
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187 | (3) |
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7.2 Correlation Between Expected and Actual Results as the Main Criterion of Quality of the Rating Model |
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190 | (1) |
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7.3 Development of Rating Classifications in Sports |
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191 | (6) |
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7.3.1 Rating as an Expert Group Judgement |
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192 | (1) |
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7.3.2 Information Mixture |
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192 | (1) |
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7.3.3 Bonus Rating Classifications |
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193 | (1) |
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7.3.4 Rating as a Result of the Formula for Success |
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194 | (1) |
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7.3.5 Consequent Recalculation of the Rating Towards the Greatest Balance |
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194 | (1) |
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7.3.6 Rating as a Result of a Participant of a Hypothetical Global Macrotournament |
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195 | (1) |
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7.3.7 Real Global Macrotournament |
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196 | (1) |
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7.4 Structural Contradictions of Modern Classifications |
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197 | (4) |
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7.4.1 Discussion on the Structural Features of Modern Classifications |
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197 | (1) |
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7.4.2 Paradoxes in Calculating the Rating |
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198 | (1) |
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199 | (2) |
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8 A Universal Solution to the Problem of Ratings and Rankings in Sports |
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201 | (26) |
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8.1 Concept of Rating in Sports and Principles of Forming the Rating Scale |
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201 | (7) |
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8.2 Practical Example of Using a Universal System |
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208 | (4) |
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8.2.1 Comparison of the UEFA Football Clubs' Rating and the Universal Solution |
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210 | (1) |
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8.2.2 Calculation of the Factor |
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211 | (1) |
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8.3 Accuracy of Predicting Universal Rating Assessment and Betting Assessment in Team Sports |
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212 | (7) |
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8.4 Is the Global Macroturnament Realisable? |
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219 | (8) |
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8.4.1 How Are the Competitions Conducted (Bullet Points)? |
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219 | (1) |
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8.4.2 Existing Systems of Competitions |
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220 | (1) |
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8.4.3 What Is It in Turning the Competitions into the Format of a Real Global Macrotournament? |
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221 | (1) |
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8.4.4 A Practical Example of Conducting a Global Macrotournament |
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221 | (2) |
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8.4.5 Advantages of Rating-Formula |
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223 | (1) |
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8.4.6 Is It Possible to Combine Men's, Women's and Children's Tournament Within This Formula? |
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224 | (1) |
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8.4.7 Discussion. Possible Problems |
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225 | (1) |
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226 | (1) |
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9 Management Based on the Universal Rating Model |
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227 | (38) |
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9.1 Secondary Rating Scales. Coach Assessment |
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228 | (7) |
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9.1.1 Coach Work Assessment |
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228 | (2) |
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9.1.2 Referees' Work Assessment |
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230 | (4) |
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9.1.3 Assessing the Feasibility of Buying a Player |
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234 | (1) |
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9.1.4 Comparison of the Team Preparation Methods |
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234 | (1) |
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9.1.5 Managing a Kind of Sports |
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235 | (1) |
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9.1.6 Managing the National Federation |
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235 | (1) |
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9.2 How Can a Team Player Be Assessed? |
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235 | (5) |
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9.2.1 Individual Competition in Team Sports Without Changing the Game Structure |
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235 | (2) |
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9.2.2 Distribution of Four by Four (Futsal) |
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237 | (2) |
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9.2.3 Monitoring of Players as per the Correlation Between Scored and Conceded Goals During Their Stay on Field |
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239 | (1) |
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9.3 Ratings of the Players as per the Game Components |
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240 | (7) |
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9.3.1 Lines of Action in the Playing Space |
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241 | (2) |
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9.3.2 Replacement of Technical and Tactical Actions with Technical and Technical Combats |
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243 | (4) |
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9.4 Analytical Support of Work of the Complex Scientific Groups Under the Russia National Teams |
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247 | (18) |
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9.4.1 Football (UEFA European Football Championship 2008) |
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247 | (3) |
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9.4.2 Ice Hockey (2008 IIHF World Championship) |
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250 | (5) |
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255 | (2) |
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9.4.4 Minifootball (2014) |
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257 | (4) |
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261 | (4) |
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Part IV Ratings and Rankings in Public Life |
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10 Ratings and Rankings of Supranational Level |
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265 | (30) |
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10.1 Ratings and Rankings of General Development Level |
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265 | (14) |
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10.1.1 Human Development Index |
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265 | (2) |
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10.1.2 Worldwide Governance Indicator |
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267 | (2) |
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10.1.3 Quality-of-Life Index (Where-to-Be-Born Index) |
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269 | (1) |
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10.1.4 Legatum Prosperity Index |
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270 | (1) |
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10.1.5 Happy Planet Index |
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271 | (1) |
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10.1.6 Ranking of the World's Best Countries (Newsweek) |
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272 | (2) |
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10.1.7 Ranking the World Countries as per the Level of Happiness of the Population (the Earth Institute) |
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274 | (1) |
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10.1.8 Social Progress Index |
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275 | (2) |
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277 | (1) |
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278 | (1) |
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10.2 Index of Economic Weil-Being |
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279 | (16) |
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10.2.1 Economic Freedom of the World |
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279 | (3) |
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10.2.2 Doing Business Report (World Bank, 2011) |
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282 | (2) |
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10.2.3 Doing Business Report (World Bank, 2015) |
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284 | (1) |
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10.2.4 List of the World Countries by Gross National Income per Capita |
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285 | (2) |
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10.2.5 Labour Productivity Index of the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) |
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287 | (1) |
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10.2.6 List of Countries Worldwide by Research and Development Spending |
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288 | (2) |
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10.2.7 Global Innovation Index |
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290 | (1) |
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291 | (1) |
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292 | (1) |
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293 | (2) |
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11 Ratings and Rankings of National Level |
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295 | (48) |
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11.1 Ratings and Rankings in Health Care System |
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295 | (11) |
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11.1.1 List of World Countries by Health Expenditure |
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295 | (1) |
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11.1.2 List of World Countries as per the Most Efficient Health Care (Bloomberg) |
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296 | (1) |
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11.1.3 Ranking List of the World's Healthiest Countries (Bloomberg) |
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297 | (1) |
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11.1.4 List of World Countries by Child Mortality Rate |
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298 | (1) |
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11.1.5 Ranking the World Countries as per the Quality of Death Index (the Lien Foundation) |
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299 | (3) |
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11.1.6 Ranking the Countries as per the Global Age Watch Index |
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302 | (1) |
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11.1.7 The Most Stressed Out Countries in the World (Bloomberg) |
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303 | (1) |
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304 | (1) |
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305 | (1) |
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11.2 Rankings in Higher Education |
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306 | (18) |
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11.2.1 Federal Agency for Education for Russian Universities |
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306 | (1) |
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306 | (1) |
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11.2.3 Shanghai Academic Ranking of World Universities |
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307 | (1) |
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11.2.4 Gankings of the Best Universities in the World (QS World University Rankings) |
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307 | (2) |
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11.2.5 Rankings of the Best Universities in the World (Times Higher Education) |
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309 | (2) |
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11.2.6 Domestic Rankings of the Universities |
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311 | (2) |
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11.2.7 National Ranking of Russian Universities |
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313 | (1) |
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11.2.8 Global Index of Cognitive Skills and Educational Attainment |
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313 | (5) |
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11.2.9 The Knowledge Economy Index |
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318 | (2) |
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320 | (2) |
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322 | (2) |
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11.3 Rankings and Ratings of Safety |
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324 | (9) |
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11.3.1 List of World Countries by Intentional Homicide Rate |
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324 | (1) |
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11.3.2 Fragile States Index (Formerly Failed States Index) |
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325 | (1) |
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11.3.3 Global Terrorism Index |
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326 | (1) |
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11.3.4 Global Food Security Index |
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327 | (1) |
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11.3.5 Corruption Perceptions Index |
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328 | (1) |
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11.3.6 Global Peace Index |
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329 | (2) |
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331 | (1) |
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332 | (1) |
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11.4 Rankings of Freedom and Democracy |
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333 | (10) |
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11.4.1 List of World Countries as per the Democracy Index |
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333 | (1) |
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11.4.2 Ranking the World Countries as per the Level of Political and Civil Liberties (Freedom in the World Index) |
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334 | (2) |
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11.4.3 List of World Countries by Freedom of the Press (Freedom House) |
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336 | (2) |
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11.4.4 List of World Countries by Freedom on the Net |
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338 | (1) |
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339 | (1) |
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340 | (1) |
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341 | (2) |
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12 Ratings and Rankings of Personal Level |
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343 | |
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12.1 Ratings and Rankings of Subjects |
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343 | (3) |
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12.1.1 Top 100 Best Non-governmental Organisations |
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343 | (1) |
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12.1.2 Newsweek's Top 100 Books |
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344 | (1) |
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12.1.3 PISA Ranking of School Education |
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345 | (1) |
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12.2 Science Citation Indices |
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346 | |
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12.2.1 Assessment Indicators |
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350 | (1) |
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350 | (1) |
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351 | (1) |
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352 | (3) |
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355 | |