Atjaunināt sīkdatņu piekrišanu

E-grāmata: Healthy Indoor Environment: How to assess occupants' wellbeing in buildings [Taylor & Francis e-book]

(Delft University of Technology)
  • Formāts: 466 pages, 123 Tables, color; 130 Illustrations, color
  • Izdošanas datums: 12-Nov-2013
  • Izdevniecība: Routledge
  • ISBN-13: 9781315887296
  • Taylor & Francis e-book
  • Cena: 231,23 €*
  • * this price gives unlimited concurrent access for unlimited time
  • Standarta cena: 330,33 €
  • Ietaupiet 30%
  • Formāts: 466 pages, 123 Tables, color; 130 Illustrations, color
  • Izdošanas datums: 12-Nov-2013
  • Izdevniecība: Routledge
  • ISBN-13: 9781315887296
Despite policy directives, standards and guidelines, indoor environmental quality is still poor in many cases. The Healthy Indoor Environment, winner of the 2016 IDEC Book Award, aims to help architects, building engineers and anyone concerned with the wellbeing of building occupants to better understand the effects of spending time in buildings on health and comfort. In three clear parts dedicated to mechanisms, assessment and analysis, the book looks at different indoor stressors and their effects on wellbeing in a variety of scenarios with a range of tools and methods.

The book supports a more holistic way of evaluating indoor environments and argues that a clear understanding of how the human body and mind receive, perceive and respond to indoor conditions is needed. At the national, European and worldwide level, it is acknowledged that a healthy and comfortable indoor environment is important both for the quality of life, now and in the future, and for the creation of truly sustainable buildings. Moreover, current methods of risk assessment are no longer adequate: a different view on indoor environment is required.

Highly illustrated and full of practical examples, the book makes recommendations for future procedures for investigating indoor environmental quality based on an interdisciplinary understanding of the mechanisms of responses to stressors. It forms the basis for the development of an integrated approach towards assessment of indoor environmental quality.
List of Illustrations
xiii
Preface xxi
Acknowledgments xxiii
List of symbols, acronyms and abbreviations
xxiv
PART I MECHANISMS
1(138)
1 Human model
3(14)
1.1 Introduction
3(3)
1.2 Human systems and effects
6(3)
1.2.1 Indoor-environment-related health effects
6(2)
1.2.2 Human systems
8(1)
1.3 Stressors and response mechanisms
9(7)
1.3.1 Stressors
9(2)
1.3.2 Stress response mechanisms
11(2)
1.3.3 Moderators and mediators
13(3)
1.4 Links with Parts II and III
16(1)
2 Bodily processes
17(60)
2.1 Introduction
17(1)
2.2 Metabolism
18(10)
2.2.1 Cells and tissue
18(4)
2.2.2 Mechanisms
22(4)
2.2.3 Diseases and disorders
26(2)
2.3 Basic processes
28(15)
2.3.1 Basic systems
28(5)
2.3.2 Mechanisms
33(6)
2.3.3 Diseases and disorders
39(4)
2.4 Protection and defence
43(7)
2.4.1 Immune system
44(2)
2.4.2 Mechanisms
46(3)
2.4.3 Diseases and disorders
49(1)
2.5 Hormonal regulation
50(8)
2.5.1 The endocrine system
50(2)
2.5.2 Control mechanisms
52(5)
2.5.3 Diseases and disorders
57(1)
2.6 Perception and reaction
58(7)
2.6.1 Peripheral nervous system
58(3)
2.6.2 Mechanisms
61(3)
2.6.3 Diseases and disorders
64(1)
2.7 Integration and control
65(12)
2.7.1 Central nervous system
65(4)
2.7.2 Mechanisms
69(6)
2.7.3 Diseases and disorders
75(2)
3 Stress response mechanisms
3.1 Introduction
77(2)
3.2 Anti-stress responses
79(13)
3.2.1 Mechanisms
80(2)
3.2.2 Stress hormones and effects
82(1)
3.2.3 Psychosocial stressors
83(3)
3.2.4 Physical stressors
86(6)
3.3 Disturbance of sleep--awake rhythm
92(5)
3.3.1 Mechanism
93(1)
3.3.2 Improper lighting
94(3)
3.3.3 Noise
97(1)
3.3.4 Thermal comfort
97(1)
3.4 Endocrine disruption
97(4)
3.4.1 Mechanism
98(1)
3.4.2 EDCs and their sources
99(1)
3.4.3 Effects
100(1)
3.5 Oxidative stress
101(12)
3.5.1 Mechanism
101(1)
3.5.2 Free radicals and their sources
102(4)
3.5.3 Antioxidant defences
106(1)
3.5.4 Stressors and effects
106(7)
3.6 Cell death and alterations
113(4)
3.6.1 Cell death
114(1)
3.6.2 Alterations at cell level
114(3)
3.7 Learning and memory effects
117(7)
3.7.1 Mechanisms
118(3)
3.7.2 Conditioning of effects
121(1)
3.7.3 Inappropriate selection
122(2)
3.8 Personal factors
124(15)
3.8.1 Demography
124(4)
3.8.2 States and traits
128(5)
3.8.3 Life style and health status
133(2)
3.8.4 Genetics, events and exposures
135(4)
PART II ASSESSMENT
139(118)
4 Indicators
141(10)
4.1 Introduction
141(1)
4.2 Assessment protocols
142(3)
4.3 Stress mechanisms and indicators
145(4)
4.3.1 Physiological and physical indicators
146(2)
4.3.2 Behavioural indicators and psychological indicators
148(1)
4.3.3 Environmental indicators
148(1)
4.4 Link with Part III
149(2)
5 Research methods and analysis
151(60)
5.1 Introduction
151(3)
5.2 Design and planning
154(16)
5.2.1 Sampling strategy
154(6)
5.2.2 Data and collection techniques
160(3)
5.2.3 Quality assurance and control
163(3)
5.2.4 Planning and resources
166(4)
5.3 Epidemiology
170(5)
5.3.1 Goal and objectives
170(4)
5.3.2 Methodology
174(1)
5.3.3 Study A
174(1)
5.4 Psychology
175(6)
5.4.1 Goals and objectives
177(1)
5.4.2 Methodology
178(2)
5.4.3 Study B
180(1)
5.5 Clinical medicine
181(4)
5.5.1 Goals and objectives
181(2)
5.5.2 Methodology
183(1)
5.5.3 Study C
184(1)
5.6 Toxicology
185(6)
5.6.1 Goals and objectives
185(2)
5.6.2 Methodology
187(1)
5.6.3 Study D
188(3)
5.7 Product design
191(7)
5.7.1 Goals and objectives
191(1)
5.7.2 Methodology
192(3)
5.7.3 Study E
195(3)
5.8 Data analysis
198(13)
5.8.1 Data management and cleaning
198(2)
5.8.2 Descriptive analysis
200(5)
5.8.3 Inferential analysis
205(6)
6 Data collection techniques
211(46)
6.1 Introduction
211(2)
6.2 Physiological techniques
213(11)
6.2.1 Metabolomics
213(2)
6.2.2 Immune system
215(5)
6.2.3 Endocrine system
220(2)
6.2.4 Cell level
222(2)
6.3 Physical techniques
224(9)
6.3.1 Autonomic nervous system
225(4)
6.3.2 Activities in the brain
229(3)
6.3.3 Local effects
232(1)
6.4 Behavioural monitoring
233(7)
6.4.1 Behavioural diary
233(2)
6.4.2 Systematic observation
235(2)
6.4.3 Automatic sensing and logging
237(2)
6.4.4 Performance tests
239(1)
6.5 Questionnaires
240(11)
6.5.1 Design of questionnaire
240(6)
6.5.2 Physical stressors and effects
246(1)
6.5.3 Psychological states and traits
246(4)
6.5.4 Psychosocial stressors and other factors
250(1)
6.6 Environmental monitoring
251(6)
6.6.1 Checklists
251(1)
6.6.2 Chemical, physical and biological measurements
252(4)
6.6.3 Simulations and modelling
256(1)
PART III ANALYSIS
257(116)
7 Needs and opportunities
259(12)
7.1 Introduction
259(2)
7.2 A different view on IEQ
261(2)
7.3 IEQ assessment
263(2)
7.4 Next steps
265(6)
8 Performance indicators
271(48)
8.1 Introduction
271(2)
8.2 Dose--related indicators
273(9)
8.2.1 Dose-response relationships
273(3)
8.2.2 Issues of concern
276(4)
8.2.3 Future standards
280(2)
8.3 Occupant-related indicators
282(14)
8.3.1 Symptoms and complaints
283(3)
8.3.2 Financial indicators
286(1)
8.3.3 Health-adjusted life indicators
287(6)
8.3.4 `New' indicators
293(3)
8.4 Building-related indicators
296(12)
8.4.1 Labels
296(4)
8.4.2 Measures
300(6)
8.4.3 Positive stimulation
306(2)
8.5 A new approach
308(11)
8.5.1 Design and construction process
308(4)
8.5.2 System requirements
312(2)
8.5.3 Requirements at different levels
314(2)
8.5.4 ICT architecture
316(3)
9 Scenarios
319(54)
9.1 Introduction
319(3)
9.2 Homes and energy efficiency
322(11)
9.2.1 Mechanisms
322(4)
9.2.2 Assessment
326(4)
9.2.3 Analysis
330(3)
9.3 Children and school environment
333(14)
9.3.1 Mechanisms
333(4)
9.3.2 Assessment
337(7)
9.3.3 Analysis
344(3)
9.4 Workers and office buildings
347(14)
9.4.1 Mechanisms
347(4)
9.4.2 Assessment
351(7)
9.4.3 Analysis
358(3)
9.5 IEQ analysis
361(12)
9.5.1 IEQ modelling
362(2)
9.5.2 Data modelling
364(4)
9.5.3 Data collection
368(5)
APPENDICES
373(49)
Appendix A Questionnaires
375(15)
A.1 Demography and life style
375(3)
A.2 Health and medical history
378(1)
A.3 Work
379(1)
A.4 Work-related stress
380(4)
A.5 PANAS
384(1)
A.6 Health symptoms and comfort problems
385(4)
A.7 Personality test
389(1)
Appendix B Checklists
390(29)
B.1 Description of outdoor environment
390(1)
B.2 Description of building
391(7)
B.3 Description of building services
398(7)
B.4 Description of room(s) and interior
405(8)
B.5 Description of building use
413(6)
Appendix C Indicators
419(3)
References 422(38)
Index 460
Philomena M. Bluyssen started as a full Professor of Indoor Environment at the Delft University of Technology in 2012 after more than two decades working for TNO in Delft, The Netherlands. She has written more than 170 publications and won the Choice Award for Outstanding Academic Titles of 2010 for the Indoor Environment Handbook (also published by Earthscan from Routledge).