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E-grāmata: History of Ethics

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Is there an objective moral standard that applies to all our actions  To what extent should I sacrifice my own interests for the sake of others  How might philosophers of the past help us think about contemporary ethical problems?

As the most recent addition to the Blackwell Readings in Philosophy series, History of Ethics: Essential Readings with Commentary brings together rich and varied excerpts of canonical work and contemporary scholarship to span the history of Western moral philosophy in one volume. Editors Star and Crisp, noted scholars in their fields, expertly introduce the readings to illuminate the main philosophical ideas and arguments in each selection, and connect them to broader themes. These detailed and incisive editorial commentaries make the primary source texts accessible to students while guiding them chronologically through the history of Western ethics.

Structured around a thematic table of contents divided into three distinct sections, History of Ethics charts patterns in the development of ethical thought across time to highlight connections between intellectual movements. Selections range from the work of well-known figures such as Plato, Aristotle, Nietzsche, and Mill to the work of philosophers often overlooked by such anthologies, including Butler, Smith, Sidgwick, Anscombe, Foot, and Frankena. Star and Crisp skillfully arrange the collection to connect readings to contemporary issues and interests by featuring examples such as Aquinas on self-defense and the doctrine of double effect, Kant on virtue, and Mill’s The Subjection of Women.

Written for students and scholars of ethics, History of Ethics is a comprehensive collection of readings with expert editorial commentary that curates the most important and influential work in the history of ethics in the Western world.

Acknowledgements vii
List of Sources
ix
Introduction xi
Part I Ancient and Medieval Ethics
1(136)
1 Gargias and Republic: The Authority of Morality
3(22)
Plato
2 Republic (Continued): Justice and Virtue
25(16)
Plato
3 Republic (Continued): The Good
41(12)
Plato
4 Nicomachean Ethics: The Good Life
53(14)
Aristotle
5 Nicomachean Ethics (Continued): The Nature of Virtue
67(10)
Aristotle
6 Nicomachean Ethics (Continued): Responsibility and Practical Wisdom
77(14)
Aristotle
7 Epicurus to Menoeceus and Principal Doctrines
91(8)
Epicurus
8 The Discourses of Epictetus and The Manual, or Enchiridion
99(14)
Epictetus
9 The Enchiridion
113(8)
Saint Augustine
10 Summa Contra Gentiles mid Summa Theologica
121(16)
Saint Thomas Aquinas
Part II Modern Ethics
137(194)
1 Leviathan
139(8)
Thomas Hobbes
2 Fifteen Sermons Preached at the Rolls Chapel and Dissertation II: On the Nature of Virtue
147(18)
Joseph Butler
3 A Treatise of Human Nature and An Enquiry Concerning the Principles of Morals: Reason and the Passions
165(18)
David Hume
4 An Enquiry Concerning the Principles of Morals: Virtue and Utility
183(18)
David Hume
5 The Theory of Moral Sentiments
201(18)
Adam Smith
6 Groundwork of the Metaphysics of Morals and The Metaphysics of Morals: Reason and the Goodwill
219(12)
Immanuel Kant
7 Groundwork of the Metaphysics of Morals (Continued): The Categorical Imperative
231(16)
Immanuel Kant
8 An Introduction to the Principles of Morals and Legislation
247(8)
Jeremy Bentham
9 Utilitarianism and The Subjection of Women
255(26)
John Stuart Mill
10 On the Genealogy of Morality
281(18)
Friedrich Nietzsche
11 The Methods of Ethics
299(32)
Henry Sidgwick
Part III Foundations of Contemporary Ethics
331(112)
1 Principia Ethica
333(10)
G. E. Moore
2 The Right and the Good
343(16)
W. D. Ross
3 Language, Truth and Logic
359(8)
Alfred Jules Ayer
4 The Naturalistic Fallacy
367(10)
W. K. Frankena
5 Modern Moral Philosophy
377(12)
G. E. M. Anscombe
6 The Problem of Abortion and the Doctrine of the Double Effect
389(8)
Philippa Foot
7 Ethics: Inventing Right and Wrong
397(14)
J. L. Mackie
8 A Theory of Justice
411(20)
John Rawls
9 Ethical Theory and Utilitarianism
431(12)
R. M. Hare
Index 443
DANIEL STAR is Associate Professor of Philosophy at Boston University. He is the author of Knowing Better: Virtue, Deliberation, and Normative Ethics (2015), in addition to numerous journal articles. He recently edited the Oxford Handbook of Reasons and Normativity (2018).

ROGER CRISP is Professor of Moral Philosophy at the University of Oxford, Uehiro Fellow and Tutor in Philosophy at St Annes College, Oxford, and Professorial Fellow at the Australian Catholic University. He is the author of Mill on Utilitarianism (1997), Reasons and the Good (2008), and The Cosmos of Duty (2015). He is also editor of the Oxford Handbook of the History of Ethics (2013) and has translated Aristotles Nicomachean Ethics.