Main notations |
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17 | (4) |
Introduction |
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21 | (6) |
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Part One. Upscaling Methods |
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27 | (80) |
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An Introduction to Upscaling Methods |
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29 | (26) |
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29 | (1) |
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Heat transfer in a periodic bilaminate composite |
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30 | (6) |
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Transfer parallel to the layers |
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31 | (2) |
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Transfer perpendicular to the layers |
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33 | (2) |
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35 | (1) |
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Characteristic macroscopic length |
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35 | (1) |
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Bounds on the effective coefficients |
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36 | (10) |
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Theorem of virtual powers |
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36 | (2) |
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Minima in the complementary power and potential power |
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38 | (1) |
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39 | (1) |
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40 | (1) |
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40 | (2) |
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42 | (2) |
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44 | (1) |
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Hashin and Shtrikman's bounds |
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45 | (1) |
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46 | (1) |
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46 | (9) |
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47 | (1) |
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Self-consistent hypothesis |
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48 | (1) |
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Self-consistent method with simple inclusions |
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49 | (1) |
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Determination of βα for a homogenous spherical inclusion |
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49 | (2) |
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51 | (1) |
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Implicit morphological constraints |
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52 | (1) |
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53 | (2) |
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Heterogenous Medium: Is an Equivalent Macroscopic Description Possible? |
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55 | (20) |
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55 | (1) |
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Comments on techniques for micro-macro upscaling |
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56 | (4) |
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Homogenization techniques for separated length scales |
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57 | (2) |
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The ideal homogenization method |
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59 | (1) |
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60 | (1) |
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Method of multiple scale expansions |
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61 | (8) |
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Formulation of multiple scale problems |
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61 | (1) |
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Homogenizability conditions |
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61 | (1) |
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62 | (2) |
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Stationarity, asymptotic expansions |
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64 | (1) |
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65 | (3) |
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Parallels between macroscopic models for materials with periodic and random structures |
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68 | (1) |
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68 | (1) |
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Random materials with a REV |
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68 | (1) |
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Hill macro-homogenity and separation of scales |
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69 | (1) |
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Comments on multiple scale methods and statistical methods |
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69 | (6) |
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On the periodicity, the stationarity and the concept of the REV |
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69 | (1) |
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On the absence of, or need for macroscopic prerequisites |
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70 | (1) |
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On the homogenizability and consistency of the macroscopic description |
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71 | (1) |
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On the treatment of problems with several small parameters |
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72 | (3) |
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Homogenization by Multiple Scale Asymptotic Expansions |
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75 | (32) |
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75 | (1) |
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Separation of scales: intuitive approach and experimental visualization |
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75 | (9) |
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Intuitive approach to the separation of scales |
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75 | (3) |
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Experimental visualization of fields with two length scales |
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78 | (1) |
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Investigation of a flexible net |
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78 | (3) |
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Photoelastic investigation of a perforated plate |
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81 | (3) |
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84 | (7) |
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85 | (1) |
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Equivalent macroscopic description |
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86 | (3) |
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89 | (2) |
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91 | (9) |
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92 | (3) |
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95 | (1) |
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Non-homogenizable description |
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95 | (2) |
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Comments on the different possible choices for spatial variables |
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97 | (3) |
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Expressing problems within the formalism of multiple scales |
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100 | (7) |
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How do we select the correct mathematical formulation based on the problem at hand? |
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100 | (1) |
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Need to evaluate the actual scale ratio εr |
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101 | (1) |
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Evaluation of the actual scale ratio εr |
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102 | (1) |
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Homogenous treatment of simple compression |
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103 | (1) |
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Point force in an elastic object |
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104 | (1) |
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Propagation of a harmonic plane wave in elastic composites |
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104 | (1) |
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Diffusion wave in heterogenous media |
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105 | (1) |
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Conclusions to be drawn from the examples |
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106 | (1) |
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Part two. Heat and Mass Transfer |
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107 | (88) |
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Heat Transfer in Composite Materials |
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109 | (34) |
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109 | (1) |
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Heat transfer with perfect contact between constituents |
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109 | (21) |
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Formulation of the problem |
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110 | (3) |
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Thermal conductivities of the same order of magnitude |
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113 | (1) |
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113 | (4) |
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117 | (2) |
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Example: bilaminate composite |
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119 | (2) |
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Weakly conducting phase in a connected matrix: memory effects |
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121 | (1) |
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122 | (2) |
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124 | (1) |
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Example: bilaminate composite |
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125 | (1) |
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Composites with highly conductive inclusions embedded in a matrix |
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126 | (1) |
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127 | (2) |
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129 | (1) |
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Heat transfer with contact resistance between constituents |
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130 | (13) |
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Model I -- Very weak contact resistance |
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132 | (1) |
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Model II -- Moderate contact resistance |
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133 | (2) |
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Model III -- High contact resistance |
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135 | (3) |
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Model IV -- Model with two coupled temperature fields |
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138 | (2) |
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Model V -- Model with two decoupled temperature fields |
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140 | (1) |
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Example: bilaminate composite |
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141 | (1) |
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142 | (1) |
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Diffusion/Advection in Porous Media |
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143 | (18) |
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143 | (1) |
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Diffusion-convection on the pore scale and estimates |
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143 | (3) |
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Diffusion dominates at the macroscopic scale |
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146 | (3) |
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146 | (1) |
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Boundary value problem for c*(0) |
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146 | (1) |
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Boundary value problem for c*(1) |
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147 | (1) |
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Boundary value problem for c*(2) |
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148 | (1) |
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Macroscopic diffusion model |
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148 | (1) |
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Comparable diffusion and advection on the macroscopic scale |
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149 | (2) |
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149 | (1) |
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Boundary value problems for c*(0) and c*(1) |
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149 | (1) |
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Boundary value problem for c*(2) |
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149 | (1) |
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Macroscopic diffusion-advection model |
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150 | (1) |
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Advection dominant at the macroscopic scale |
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151 | (3) |
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151 | (1) |
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Boundary value problem for c*(0) |
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151 | (1) |
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Boundary value problem for c*(1) |
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151 | (2) |
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Boundary value problem for c*(2) |
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153 | (1) |
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154 | (1) |
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154 | (1) |
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Example: Porous medium consisting of a periodic lattice of narrow parallel slits |
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155 | (4) |
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156 | (1) |
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Determination of the dispersion coefficient |
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157 | (2) |
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159 | (2) |
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Numerical and Analytical Estimates for the Effective Diffusion Coefficient |
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161 | (34) |
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161 | (1) |
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Effective thermal conductivity for some periodic media |
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162 | (13) |
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Media with spherical inclusions, connected or non-connected |
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162 | (1) |
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162 | (1) |
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Solution to the boundary value problem over the period |
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163 | (1) |
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Effective thermal conductivity |
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163 | (5) |
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Fibrous media consisting of parallel fibers |
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168 | (1) |
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168 | (1) |
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Solution to the boundary value problem over the period |
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169 | (1) |
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Effective thermal conductivity |
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170 | (5) |
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Study of various self-consistent schemes |
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175 | (13) |
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Self-consistent scheme for bi-composite inclusions |
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175 | (1) |
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Granular or cellular media |
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175 | (3) |
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178 | (1) |
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General remarks on bi-composite models |
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179 | (2) |
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Self-consistent scheme with multi-composite substructures |
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181 | (1) |
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181 | (2) |
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Treatment of a contact resistance |
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183 | (1) |
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Combined self-consistent schemes |
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184 | (1) |
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Mixed self-consistent schemes |
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185 | (1) |
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Multiple self-consistent schemes |
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185 | (3) |
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Comparison with experimental results for the thermal conductivity of cellular concrete |
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188 | (7) |
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189 | (1) |
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190 | (5) |
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Part three. Newtonian Fluid Flow Through Rigid Porous Media |
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195 | (142) |
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Incompressible Newtonian Fluid Flow Through a Rigid Porous Medium |
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197 | (32) |
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197 | (2) |
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Steady-state flow of an incompressible Newtonian fluid in a porous medium: Darcy's law |
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199 | (10) |
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201 | (2) |
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Comments on macroscopic behavior |
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203 | (1) |
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Physical meaning of the macroscopic quantities |
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203 | (1) |
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Structure of the macroscopic law |
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204 | (1) |
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Study of the underlying problem |
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205 | (1) |
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205 | (1) |
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206 | (1) |
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Non-homogenizable situations |
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206 | (1) |
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207 | (1) |
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208 | (1) |
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Dynamics of an incompressible fluid in a rigid porous medium |
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209 | (11) |
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Local description and estimates |
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209 | (2) |
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Macroscopic behavior: generalized Darcy's law |
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211 | (2) |
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Discussion of the macroscopic description |
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213 | (1) |
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Physical meaning of macroscopic quantities |
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213 | (1) |
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213 | (2) |
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The tensors H* and A* are symmetric |
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215 | (1) |
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215 | (1) |
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215 | (1) |
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Transient excitation: Dynamics with memory effects |
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216 | (1) |
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216 | (1) |
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Circular cylindrical pores |
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216 | (4) |
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Appearance of inertial non-linearities |
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220 | (6) |
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221 | (3) |
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Macroscopically isotropic and homogenous medium |
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224 | (2) |
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226 | (1) |
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226 | (3) |
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Compressible Newtonian Fluid Flow Though a Rigid Porous Medium |
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229 | (28) |
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229 | (1) |
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Slow isothermal flow of a highly compressible fluid |
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229 | (9) |
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230 | (1) |
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231 | (4) |
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Transient conservation of mass |
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235 | (3) |
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Wall slip: Klinkenberg's law |
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238 | (7) |
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Pore scale description and estimates |
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238 | (2) |
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240 | (1) |
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241 | (2) |
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Properties of the Klinkenberg tensor Hk |
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243 | (1) |
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243 | (1) |
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244 | (1) |
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Acoustics in a rigid porous medium saturated with a gas |
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245 | (12) |
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Harmonic perturbation of a gas in a porous medium |
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246 | (1) |
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Analysis of local physics |
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247 | (2) |
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Non-dimensionalization and renormalization |
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249 | (2) |
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251 | (1) |
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251 | (1) |
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252 | (1) |
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Macroscopic conservation of mass |
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252 | (1) |
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253 | (4) |
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Numerical Estimation of the Permeability of Some Periodic Porous Media |
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257 | (18) |
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257 | (2) |
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Permeability tensor: recap of results from periodic homogenization |
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259 | (1) |
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Steady state permeability of fibrous media |
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259 | (8) |
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259 | (1) |
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260 | (1) |
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Mesh, velocity fields and microscopic pressure fields |
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261 | (1) |
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Transverse permeability KT |
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262 | (2) |
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Longitudinal permeability |
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264 | (1) |
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264 | (1) |
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Longitudinal permeability KL |
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264 | (3) |
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Steady state and dynamic permeability of granular media |
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267 | (8) |
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267 | (1) |
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267 | (2) |
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Steady state permeability |
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269 | (1) |
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269 | (1) |
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269 | (1) |
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Low-frequency approximation |
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270 | (2) |
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High-frequency approximation |
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272 | (3) |
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Self-consistent Estimates and Bounds for Permeability |
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275 | (62) |
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275 | (3) |
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277 | (1) |
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Intrinsic (or steady state) permeability of granular and fibrous media |
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278 | (21) |
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Summary of results obtained through periodic homogenization |
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279 | (1) |
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Global and local descriptions -- energetic consistency |
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280 | (1) |
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Connections between the micro- and macroscopic descriptions |
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281 | (1) |
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Self-consistent estimate of the permeability of granular media |
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281 | (1) |
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Formulation of the self-consistent problem |
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281 | (2) |
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General expression for the fields in the inclusion |
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283 | (2) |
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285 | (3) |
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Solution and self-consistent estimates |
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288 | (1) |
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Pressure approach: p field |
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288 | (1) |
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Velocity approach: v field |
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289 | (1) |
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289 | (2) |
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From spherical substructure to granular materials |
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291 | (1) |
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Cubic lattices of spheres |
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291 | (1) |
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Bounds on the permeability of ordered or disordered granular media |
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292 | (4) |
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296 | (1) |
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Intrinsic permeability of fibrous media |
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297 | (1) |
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Periodic arrangements of identical cylinders |
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298 | (1) |
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Permeability bounds for ideal ordered and disordered fibrous media |
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298 | (1) |
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299 | (19) |
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Summary of homogenization results |
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300 | (1) |
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Global and local description -- Energetic consistency |
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300 | (2) |
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Frequency characteristics of dynamic permeability |
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302 | (2) |
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Self-consistent estimates of dynamic permeability |
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304 | (1) |
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Formulation of the problem in the inclusion |
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304 | (1) |
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Expressions for the fields |
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305 | (1) |
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306 | (1) |
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Solution and self-consistent estimates |
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307 | (1) |
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308 | (1) |
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309 | (1) |
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Commentary and comparisons with numerical results for periodic lattices |
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310 | (4) |
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Bounds on the dynamic permeability of granular media |
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314 | (1) |
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Bounds on the real and imaginary parts of K(ω) |
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315 | (1) |
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Bounds on the real and imaginary parts of H(ω) |
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316 | (1) |
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317 | (1) |
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High-frequency bounds for tortuosity |
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318 | (1) |
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Klinkenberg correction to intrinsic permeability |
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318 | (4) |
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Local and global descriptions obtained through homogenization |
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318 | (1) |
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Self-consistent estimates of Klinkenberg permeability |
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319 | (3) |
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Thermal permeability -- compressibility of a gas in a porous medium |
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322 | (6) |
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Dynamic compressibility obtained by homogenization |
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322 | (1) |
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Self-consistent estimate of the thermal permeability of granular media |
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323 | (1) |
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Properties of thermal permeability |
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324 | (2) |
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Significance of connectivity of phases |
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326 | (1) |
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Critical thermal and viscous frequencies |
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327 | (1) |
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Analogy between the trapping constant and permeability |
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328 | (6) |
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328 | (2) |
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Comparison between the trapping constant and intrinsic permeability |
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330 | (1) |
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Self-consistent estimate of the trapping constant for granular media |
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331 | (1) |
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Diffusion-trapping in the transient regime |
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332 | (1) |
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Steady-state diffusion-trapping regime in media with a finite absorptivity |
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333 | (1) |
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334 | (3) |
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Part four. Saturated Deformable Porous Media |
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337 | (116) |
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Quasi-statics of Saturated Deformable Porous Media |
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339 | (28) |
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340 | (9) |
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340 | (2) |
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Equivalent macroscopic behavior |
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342 | (1) |
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Boundary-value problem for u*(0) |
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342 | (1) |
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Boundary-value problem for u*(1) |
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343 | (1) |
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Boundary-value problem for u*(2) |
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344 | (1) |
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Investigation of the equivalent macroscopic behavior |
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345 | (1) |
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Physical meaning of quantities involved in macroscopic description |
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345 | (1) |
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Properties of the effective elastic tensor |
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346 | (2) |
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348 | (1) |
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Calculation of the effective coefficients |
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348 | (1) |
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Deformable saturated porous medium |
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349 | (18) |
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Local description and estimates |
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350 | (2) |
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Diphasic macroscopic behavior: Biot model |
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352 | (1) |
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Boundary-value problem for u*(0) |
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352 | (1) |
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Boundary-value problem for p*(0) and v*(0) |
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352 | (1) |
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Boundary-value problem for u*(1) |
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353 | (1) |
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First compatibility equation |
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354 | (1) |
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Second compatibility equation |
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355 | (1) |
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355 | (1) |
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Properties of the macroscopic diphasic description |
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355 | (1) |
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Properties of macroscopic quantities and effective coefficients |
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355 | (1) |
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The coupling between (11.31) and (11.32) is symmetric, α = γ |
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356 | (1) |
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The tensor α* is symmetric |
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356 | (1) |
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The coefficient β* is positive, β* > 0 |
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357 | (1) |
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357 | (1) |
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Homogenious matrix material |
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357 | (1) |
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Homogenous and isotropic matrix material and macroscopically isotropic matrix |
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358 | (1) |
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Diphasic consolidation equations: Biot model |
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359 | (2) |
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361 | (1) |
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Compressible interstitial fluid |
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361 | (1) |
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Monophasic elastic macroscopic behavior: Gassman model |
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362 | (1) |
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Monophasic viscoelastic macroscopic behavior |
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363 | (2) |
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Relationships between the three macroscopic models |
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365 | (2) |
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Dynamics of Saturated Deformable Porous Media |
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367 | (22) |
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367 | (1) |
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Local description and estimates |
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368 | (2) |
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Diphasic macroscopic behavior: Biot model |
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370 | (4) |
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Study of diphasic macroscopic behavior |
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374 | (3) |
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Equations for the diphasic dynamics of a saturated deformable porous medium |
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374 | (1) |
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375 | (1) |
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376 | (1) |
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376 | (1) |
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376 | (1) |
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376 | (1) |
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Macroscopic monophasic elastic behavior: Gassman model |
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377 | (1) |
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Monophasic viscoelastic macroscopic behavior |
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378 | (2) |
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Choice of macroscopic behavior associated with a given material and disturbance |
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380 | (9) |
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382 | (1) |
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Transition from diphasic behavior to elastic behavior |
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382 | (1) |
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Transition from viscoelastic behavior to elastic behavior |
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383 | (1) |
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Effect of rigidity of the porous skeleton |
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384 | (1) |
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384 | (1) |
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Low-dispersion P1 and S waves |
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384 | (1) |
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385 | (1) |
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385 | (1) |
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Application example: bituminous concretes |
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385 | (4) |
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Estimates and Bounds for Effective Poroelastic Coefficients |
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389 | (18) |
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389 | (1) |
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Recap of the results of periodic homogenization |
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389 | (2) |
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391 | (7) |
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Microstructure and material |
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391 | (1) |
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Effective elastic tensor c |
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392 | (1) |
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392 | (2) |
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Compressibility and shear moduli |
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394 | (2) |
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396 | (1) |
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Young's modulus and Poisson's ratio |
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396 | (2) |
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398 | (1) |
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Influence of microstructure: bounds and self-consistent estimates |
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398 | (5) |
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399 | (1) |
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Hashin and Shtrikman bounds |
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|
399 | (1) |
|
Self-consistent estimates |
|
|
400 | (1) |
|
Comparison: numerical results, bounds and self-consistent estimates |
|
|
401 | (2) |
|
Comparison with experimental data |
|
|
403 | (4) |
|
Wave Propagation in Isotropic Saturated Poroelastic Media |
|
|
407 | (46) |
|
|
407 | (1) |
|
|
408 | (4) |
|
|
408 | (2) |
|
Comments on the parameters |
|
|
410 | (1) |
|
|
410 | (1) |
|
|
410 | (1) |
|
Degrees of freedom and dimensionless parameters |
|
|
411 | (1) |
|
Three modes of propagation in a saturated porous medium |
|
|
412 | (11) |
|
|
413 | (3) |
|
Elementary wave fields: plane waves |
|
|
416 | (1) |
|
|
416 | (1) |
|
|
417 | (2) |
|
Physical characteristics of the modes |
|
|
419 | (1) |
|
|
419 | (2) |
|
|
421 | (2) |
|
|
423 | (1) |
|
Transmission at an elastic-poroelastic interface |
|
|
423 | (7) |
|
Expression for the conditions at the interface |
|
|
426 | (2) |
|
Transmission of compression waves |
|
|
428 | (2) |
|
|
430 | (2) |
|
|
432 | (13) |
|
|
432 | (1) |
|
Determination of the fundamental solutions |
|
|
433 | (4) |
|
Fundamental solutions in plane geometry |
|
|
437 | (1) |
|
Symmetry of the Green's matrix, and reciprocity theorem |
|
|
438 | (1) |
|
Properties of radiated fields |
|
|
439 | (2) |
|
Far-field -- near-field -- quasi-static regime |
|
|
441 | (1) |
|
Decomposition into elementary waves |
|
|
442 | (1) |
|
Energy and moment sources: explosion and injection |
|
|
442 | (3) |
|
|
445 | (3) |
|
Dislocations in porous media |
|
|
448 | (5) |
Bibliography |
|
453 | (20) |
Index |
|
473 | |