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E-grāmata: How to Commercialize Chemical Technologies for a Sustainable Future

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  • Izdošanas datums: 03-Jun-2021
  • Izdevniecība: John Wiley & Sons Inc
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  • ISBN-13: 9781119604839
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How to Commercialize Chemical Technologies for a Sustainable FuturePalielināt
  • Formāts: EPUB+DRM
  • Izdošanas datums: 03-Jun-2021
  • Izdevniecība: John Wiley & Sons Inc
  • Valoda: eng
  • ISBN-13: 9781119604839
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The definitive guide for scientific entrepreneurs commercializing sustainable technologies in the chemical sector  

Lacking the considerable resources of multinational chemical companies, entrepreneurs face a unique set of risks and challenges. How to Commercialize Chemical Technologies for a Sustainable Future is targeted at innovators who are embarking on the entrepreneurial path with their sustainable chemical technology but are unsure of what steps to take. This first-of-its-kind resource features contributions from a diverse team of expert authors, including engineers, venture capitalists, marketing specialists, intellectual property professionals, regulatory experts, industry practitioners, and many others. 

Accessible and highly practical, this real-world guide covers each step of the technology commercialization process, from market landscape analysis and financing to scale-up and strategic partnering. Throughout the book, effective tactics and strategies for growing a new venture are supported by case studies highlighting the economic and environmental impact of successful commercialization, and identifying the common mistakes that lead to lost opportunities. Filled with invaluable advice and actionable steps, this book: 
  • Uses valuation concepts, tools, and examples to demonstrate that for a chemical technology to be sustainable it must not only have market value but also confer benefits to human well-being and the environment 
  • Offers templates and tools for understanding what customers need, who the competition is and how to successfully differentiate your product to those customers 
  • Describes how to practically advance your technology from conception all the way to commercial demonstration  
  • Presents advantages and disadvantages of strategic partnering from the perspective of the start-up and the larger industrial partner, along with strategies to mitigate risks within a partnership 
  • Provides an overview of the legal regulatory requirements for bringing new chemicals to market in several key geographic regions, as well as the impact of public policy on commercialization  
  • Offers insights and practical strategies on intellectual property management, raising investment, and operationalizing a startup company 

How to Commercialize Chemical Technologies for a Sustainable Future is  essential reading for budding entrepreneurs in chemistry, materials science, and chemical engineering looking to bring their sustainable technologies to market. It is also a valuable reference for investors, policymakers, regulators, and other professionals. 

 

List of Contributors
xvii
1 Introduction
1(10)
Timothy J. Clark
Andrew S. Pasternak
1.1 What Is This Book About?
1(2)
1.2 What Is a Sustainable Chemical Technology?
3(1)
1.3 Commercializing Sustainable Chemical Technologies Is Challenging
4(1)
1.4 Who Should Read This Book?
5(1)
1.5 Structure of This Book
6(3)
1.6 Using This Book
9(2)
Acknowledgments
9(1)
References
9(2)
Part I Laying the Foundation
11(68)
2 Marketing and Landscape Analysis
13(18)
Tess Fennelly
2.1 Introduction: Think Marketing
13(2)
2.2 Creating a Marketing Plan: The Application Framework
15(1)
2.3 Customer Needs and Mapping
15(1)
2.4 Customer Analysis: How to Gather Customer Needs Data
16(5)
2.4.1 Finding the Right Contacts
18(1)
2.4.2 The Interview Form
18(3)
2.5 Customer Needs Mapping
21(1)
2.6 Market Segmentation
22(3)
2.7 Market Segment Evaluation
25(1)
2.8 Competitive Landscape and Competencies
25(2)
2.9 Conclusion and Next Steps
27(4)
3 Determining the True Value of a Sustainable Chemical Technology
31(24)
Lauren Heine
Margaret H. Whittaker
3.1 Introduction
31(1)
3.2 Sustainable Value and the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals
32(2)
3.2.1 Embracing SDGs at the Business Level: United Nations Global Compact Participation
34(1)
3.3 Life-Cycle Thinking and Life-Cycle Assessment
34(1)
3.4 Attributes and Impacts: Check Your Assumptions
35(2)
3.5 Business Risk and Sustainable Design - Or How to Turn an Externality into a Selling Point
37(2)
3.6 Guiding Principles for Sustainable Chemical Technology Innovations: Chemistry, Carbon, and Circularity
39(3)
3.6.1 Sustainable Materials Management
39(1)
3.6.2 Alternatives Assessment
40(2)
3.7 Chemical and Material Considerations that Impact Sustainable Value
42(5)
3.7.1 Chemistry
42(4)
3.7.2 Carbon
46(1)
3.7.3 Circularity
46(1)
3.8 Introducing Your Sustainable Chemical Technology into the Marketplace
47(2)
3.8.1 Communicating Cost Versus Life-Cycle Benefits
47(1)
3.8.2 Benefiting from a "Green Premium"
47(1)
3.8.3 Avoid Greenwashing
48(1)
3.9 Conclusions
49(6)
References
49(6)
4 Intellectual Property Management and Strategy
55(24)
Nick Sutcliffe
4.1 Intellectual Property
55(1)
4.2 What Is an Intellectual Property Right?
56(1)
4.3 The Value of Intellectual Property Rights to a Sustainable Chemical Technology Company
56(2)
4.4 Patents Explained
58(7)
4.4.1 What Sort of Technology Can Be Patented?
58(1)
4.4.2 What Is a Patent?
58(1)
4.4.3 The Patent Bargain
58(1)
4.4.4 Territorial
58(1)
4.4.5 Time Limitation
59(1)
4.4.6 Property
59(1)
4.4.7 Exclusionary Right
59(1)
4.4.8 Criteria for Patentability
59(2)
4.4.9 Preparing and Filing a Patent Application
61(1)
4.4.10 12-Month Anniversary
62(1)
4.4.11 PCT Applications
63(1)
4.4.12 Patent Examiners
63(1)
4.4.13 Patent Examination
63(1)
4.4.14 Grant
64(1)
4.4.15 Renewal Fees
64(1)
4.4.16 Costs
64(1)
4.5 Building an IP Portfolio
65(6)
4.5.1 Invention Management
65(1)
4.5.2 Deciding Whether to File a Patent Application
66(1)
4.5.3 Inventions Not Patentable or Worth Patenting
67(1)
4.5.4 Patent Attorneys/Agents
67(1)
4.5.5 Ownership
68(1)
4.5.6 When to File a Patent Application
68(1)
4.5.7 Where to File a Patent Application?
69(1)
4.5.8 Controlling the Speed of the Process
70(1)
4.5.9 Managing the Patent Application Process
70(1)
4.6 Avoiding Other People's IPRs
71(8)
4.6.1 Freedom to Operate
71(1)
4.6.2 Clearing Obstructions
72(1)
4.6.3 Litigation
73(3)
References
76(3)
Part II Political and Environmental Considerations
79(58)
5 Navigating and Leveraging Government Entrepreneurial Ecosystems for Support
81(22)
Janine Elliott
Rohit Sood
5.1 What Is an Entrepreneurial Ecosystem?
81(1)
5.2 Types of Resources Available
82(2)
5.2.1 Financial Resources
82(1)
5.2.2 Nonmonetary Resources
83(1)
5.3 Ecosystems in the United States and Canada
84(7)
5.3.1 Government Agencies
84(3)
5.3.2 Non-profit Organizations
87(1)
5.3.3 Incubators and Accelerators
88(1)
5.3.4 Academic Research Institutions
89(1)
5.3.5 Investors
90(1)
5.3.6 Hybrids of Resources and Players
90(1)
5.4 Ecosystems in the European Union
91(5)
5.4.1 SusChem: A European Technology Platform of Sustainable Chemistry
92(1)
5.4.2 Entrepreneurial Ecosystem Resources
92(1)
5.4.3 Competitiveness of Enterprises and SMEs (COSME)
93(1)
5.4.4 InnovFin - Financing for Innovators
94(1)
5.4.5 European Innovation Council (EIC) Accelerator
94(1)
5.4.6 Other EU Programs for the Entrepreneur
95(1)
5.4.7 Prizes
96(1)
5.5 Setting Priorities When Pursuing Resources
96(2)
5.6 Conclusion: Engage with Your Ecosystem
98(5)
References
101(2)
6 Factoring in Public Policy and Perception
103(16)
Kira Matus
6.1 Introduction
103(1)
6.2 Chemicals and Policy
104(6)
6.2.1 International Policies
105(1)
6.2.2 Regional Policy - The European Union
106(1)
6.2.3 National-Level Policies
107(2)
6.2.4 Policies Beneath the National Level (US)
109(1)
6.3 New Trends and Approaches
110(4)
6.3.1 The Precautionary Shift
110(1)
6.3.2 Attention to Vulnerable Populations
111(1)
6.3.3 Industry, NGOs, the Public, and Other "Governance" Actors
112(1)
6.3.4 Public Perceptions
113(1)
6.4 Conclusion: Policy as Strategic Advantage for the Sustainable Chemistry Innovator
114(5)
6.4.1 Perceptions and Opportunities
114(1)
6.4.2 Practical Actions
115(1)
Acknowledgments
115(1)
References
115(4)
7 Pre-market Approval of Chemical Substances: How New Chemical Products Are Regulated
119(18)
Richard E. Engler
7.1 Introduction
119(1)
7.2 Overview
120(1)
7.3 United States
121(7)
7.3.1 Federal Food Drug and Cosmetic Act (FFDCA)
121(3)
7.3.2 Federal Insecticide, Fungicide, and Rodenticide Act (FIFRA)
124(1)
7.3.3 Toxic Substances Control Act (TSCA)
125(3)
7.4 European Union (EU)
128(3)
7.4.1 Registration
129(1)
7.4.2 Exemptions to REACH Registration
130(1)
7.5 China
131(1)
7.5.1 Registration
131(1)
7.6 Canada
132(2)
1.1 Developing a Global Strategy
134(1)
7.8 Summary
134(3)
References
135(2)
Part III Springing into Action
137(118)
8 Navigating Supply Chains
139(14)
Tess Fennelty
8.1 Introduction
139(1)
8.2 Supply Chain Complexity
139(2)
8.3 Recognizing Points of View
141(2)
8.4 Supply Chain Hurdles and Strategies to Overcome Them
143(9)
8.4.1 Incumbency: Incumbents and Legacy Suppliers Own the Supply Chain, Market Access, and Global Supply
143(1)
8.4.2 Roadblock: Adoption Must Occur at all Points in the Supply Chain in Order to Be Successful
144(1)
8.4.3 Confusion: "Green Washing," Perceptions, and Misinformation Confuses the Industry and Consumers on What Is Truly More Sustainable, Which Impacts Demand
145(2)
8.4.4 Risk Aversion: Worries of Failure Due to Poor Performance, Brand Tarnishing, Hidden Costs, and Stagnant Product Sales
147(1)
8.4.5 Decision-Makers: Sustainable Corporate Objectives vs. Operations May Not Align
148(1)
8.4.6 Supply and Demand: Concern in Committing to a Single Sourced New Technology
149(1)
8.4.7 Transparency: How to Satisfy Customer and Regulatory Demands While Protecting Intellectual Property and Trade Secrets
149(2)
8.4.8 Price/Performance: It's More Than Price per Pound; Total Cost Savings Need to Be Communicated
151(1)
8.5 Lessons Learned
152(1)
References
152(1)
9 Strategic Partnering
153(22)
Jason Clark
Shawn Jones
9.1 Introduction
153(2)
9.1.1 Partnerships as a Change Driver
153(1)
9.1.2 Partnerships for Sustainable Chemical Technologies
154(1)
9.1.3
Chapter Structure
155(1)
9.2 Advantages and Disadvantages of Strategic Partnering
155(1)
9.3 The Start-Up Perspective: Partnership Advantages and Disadvantages
155(4)
9.3.1 Partnership Advantages for the Start-Up
155(3)
9.3.2 Partnership Disadvantages for the Start-Up
158(1)
9.4 The Industrial Partner Perspective: Partnership Advantages and Disadvantages
159(4)
9.4.1 Partnership Advantages for the Industrial Partner
159(2)
9.4.2 Partnership Disadvantages for the Industrial Partner
161(2)
9.5 Mitigation of the Disadvantages and Risks
163(1)
9.5.1 For the Start-Up
163(1)
9.5.2 For the Industrial Partner
163(1)
9.6 Evaluating a Potential Partnership
164(2)
9.6.1 Start-Up Perspective
164(1)
9.6.2 Industrial Perspective
165(1)
9.7 Establishing the Partnership
166(1)
9.8 Executing the Partnership
167(1)
9.9 Closing the Partnership
168(1)
9.10 Case Studies
169(2)
References
171(4)
10 Bridging the Gap 1: From Eureka Moment to Validation
175(1)
Peiman Hosseini
Harish Bhaskaran
10.1 Introduction
175(1)
10.2 Fundamental Research Leading to an Invention
176(2)
10.3 Proving the Concept
178(1)
10.4 The Tech Team: Moving Beyond an Academic Group
179(1)
10.5 Developing the Road Map
180(2)
10.6 Defining Your Technology Development Requirements
182(2)
10.7 The Innovation Cycle: Design, Simulate, Fabricate, Test, Iterate
184(2)
10.8 Accelerating the Process
186(2)
10.8.1 An Example in Workflow Management
186(2)
10.9 Growing and Evolving the Team
188(1)
10.10 Summary
189(2)
References
190(1)
11 Bridging the Gap 2: From Validation to Pilot Scale-Up
191(28)
11.1 Part 1: Setting the Groundwork
191(14)
James Lockhart
Andrew Ellis
11.1.1 Introduction
191(1)
11.1.2 Letting Go and Obtaining External Expertise
192(1)
11.1.3 Safety Considerations
193(2)
11.1.4 Commercial Considerations
195(2)
11.1.5 Techno-Economic Assessment
197(6)
11.1.6 Conclusion
203(2)
11.2 Part 2: Building the Pilot Unit
205(14)
James Lockhart
Andrew Ellis
11.2.1 Introduction
205(1)
11.2.2 Piloting and Scale-Up Basics
205(5)
11.2.3 Process and Equipment Considerations
210(5)
11.2.4 Pilot Plant Operation and Location
215(3)
11.2.5 Conclusion
218(1)
12 Raising Investment/Financing
219(20)
Matthew L. Cohen
12.1 Introduction
219(1)
12.2 Main Investment Sources
220(4)
12.2.1 Grants
220(1)
12.2.2 Strategic Partnerships
220(1)
12.2.3 Equity Investment
221(1)
12.2.4 Debt
222(1)
12.2.5 Bootstrapping (Using Your Own Money)
223(1)
12.2.6 Summary
224(1)
12.3 Unique Considerations for Investing in Sustainable Chemistry
224(7)
12.3.1 Investment Drivers
225(2)
12.3.2 Investment Impediments
227(2)
12.3.3 Comparison to More Heavily Funded Areas
229(2)
12.4 Financing Considerations
231(4)
12.4.1 Trade-Offs Between Investment Types
232(3)
12.5 Best Practices to Present Your Company to an Investor
235(2)
12.5.1 Summary
236(1)
12.6 Financing Case Study: Cnano Technology
237(2)
Reference
238(1)
13 Operationalizing a Start-Up Company
239(16)
Andrew White
13.1 Introduction
239(1)
13.2 Oversight Boards
240(5)
13.2.1 Advisory Board
240(1)
13.2.2 Board of Directors
241(1)
13.2.3 Building an Advisory Board
242(1)
13.2.4 Building a Board of Directors
242(1)
13.2.5 Managing the Board
243(1)
13.2.6 Compensating Boards
243(2)
13.3 Systems
245(8)
13.3.1 Human Resources Management
245(2)
13.3.2 Health and Safety Systems
247(1)
13.3.3 Financial Systems
248(2)
13.3.4 Financial Projections
250(3)
13.4 Conclusion
253(2)
Part IV Success Stories
255(22)
14 Making an Impact: Sustainable Success Stories
257(20)
14.1 CarbonCure
257(6)
Jennifer Wagner
Sean Monkman
14.1.1 The Vision
257(1)
14.1.2 The Core of the Technologies
257(1)
14.1.3 Determining the Value Proposition
258(1)
14.1.4 The Commercialization Pathway
258(1)
14.1.5 Financing
259(1)
14.1.6 Development and Validation
260(2)
14.1.7 Successes
262(1)
14.1.8 Lessons Learned
262(1)
References
262(1)
14.2 Avantium
263(8)
Gert-Jan M. Gruter
Thomas B. van Aken
14.2.1 Initial Technology and Business Model
263(1)
14.2.2 Change in Direction
264(1)
14.2.3 Exploring and Validating a New Opportunity
265(1)
14.2.4 Huge Challenges and Huge Advances
266(1)
14.2.5 Expanding Our Technology Portfolio
267(1)
14.2.6 Additional Strategies and Lessons Learned
268(2)
14.2.7 Summary
270(1)
References
270(1)
14.3 Hazel Technologies
271(6)
Aidan R. Mouat
14.3.1 Blind Luck or Preparation?
271(1)
14.3.2 Hazel Technologies: How It Started and Where We Are Today
272(1)
14.3.3 Understanding What Our Business Really Is
273(1)
14.3.4 Targeting Value Through the Supply Chain
274(2)
14.3.5 Final Thoughts
276(1)
Index 277
Timothy J. Clark, PhD, is the Technology Leader at GreenCentre Canada. Dr. Clark has held a variety of positions in technology commercialization and business development. He plays a key role in developing and executing integrated technology plans serving both start-up and multinational clients. Dr. Clark is an experienced organometallic and polymer chemist who has published extensively in the open and patent literature.

Andrew S. Pasternak, PhD, MBA, is Director of Commercialization and Business Development at GreenCentre Canada. He has over 20 years experience managing technical and commercial teams in both large and start-up company environments. A certified Professional Board Director, Dr. Pasternak has successfully established numerous strategic partnerships, high-margin service contracts, and licensing agreements.
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