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E-grāmata: HSPA+ Evolution to Release 12: Performance and Optimization

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Edited by , Edited by (Nokia, Finland), Edited by (Nokia, Finland)
  • Formāts: PDF+DRM
  • Izdošanas datums: 07-Jul-2014
  • Izdevniecība: John Wiley & Sons Inc
  • Valoda: eng
  • ISBN-13: 9781118693698
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HSPA+ Evolution to Release 12: Performance and OptimizationPalielināt
  • Formāts: PDF+DRM
  • Izdošanas datums: 07-Jul-2014
  • Izdevniecība: John Wiley & Sons Inc
  • Valoda: eng
  • ISBN-13: 9781118693698
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A comprehensive reference book codifying the various standards releases for High Speed Packet Access (HSPA) wireless technology

HSPA evolution has maintained its prominence through Releases 7-11 but the evolution is coming to an end with Release 12, with the focus moving to LTE. However, HSPA network and terminal sales will continue for many years: HSPA is expected to remain as the number one radio access technology from the sales point of view far beyond 2015. This timely book examines the complete HSPA evolution, and will be the ultimate long term reference for HSPA evolution.

Headed by the successful editing team of Holma, Toskala and Tapia, industry experts look at HSPA evolution including complete Release 11 and the main additions in Release 12. They describe 3GPP definitions, field measurement, expected performance, practical optimization guidelines and the implications to the devices and to the networks. The book also covers MIMO antenna solutions and multicarrier evolution to provide higher data rates. Dedicated chapters include Continuous Packet Connectivity and High Speed Common Channels which provide major improvement to the smartphone capacity, end user performance and power consumption. The book assumes basic understanding of mobile communications yet the material is presented in an understandable way which can be enjoyed without any pre-information about MIMO or other technology solutions.





A comprehensive reference book codifying the various standards releases for High Speed Packet Access (HSPA) wireless technology Leading editor and contributor team focusing their expertise on 3GPP features and performance, including Self Organizing Networks, LTE Interworking, Smartphone Optimization and Voice Evolution Dedicated chapter covering VoIP over HSPA, recognizing that telephony will continue to bring most of the revenues to mobile operators in the near future Includes tables, figures and plots illustrating the concepts or simulation results, to aid readers understanding of the topic

An essential resource for R&D engineers by network, terminal and chip set vendors, network engineers with operators, application developers, regulators.
Foreword xv
Preface xvii
Abbreviations xix
1 Introduction
1(8)
Harri Holma
1.1 Introduction
1(1)
1.2 HSPA Global Deployments
1(2)
1.3 Mobile Devices
3(1)
1.4 Traffic Growth
3(2)
1.5 HSPA Technology Evolution
5(2)
1.6 HSPA Optimization Areas
7(1)
1.7 Summary
7(2)
2 HSDPA and HSUPA in Release 5 and 6
9(18)
Antti Toskala
2.1 Introduction
9(1)
2.2 3GPP Standardization of HSDPA and HSUPA
9(1)
2.3 HSDPA Technology Key Characteristics
10(6)
2.4 HSDPA Mobility
16(1)
2.5 HSDPA UE Capability
17(1)
2.6 HSUPA Technology Key Characteristics
17(5)
2.7 HSUPA Mobility
22(1)
2.8 HSUPA UE Capability
23(1)
2.9 HSPA Architecture Evolution
23(1)
2.10 Conclusions
24(3)
References
24(3)
3 Multicarrier and Multiantenna MIMO
27(26)
Antti Toskala
Jeroen Wigard
Matthias Hesse
Ryszard Dokuczal
Maciej Januszewski
3.1 Introduction
27(1)
3.2 Dual-Cell Downlink and Uplink
27(6)
3.2.1 Dual-Cell Downlink
28(4)
3.2.2 Dual-Cell HSUPA
32(1)
3.3 Four-Carrier HSDPA and Beyond
33(3)
3.4 Multiband HSDPA
36(2)
3.5 Downlink MIMO
38(8)
3.5.1 Space Time Transmit Diversity -- STTD
39(1)
3.5.2 Closed-Loop Mode 1 Transmit Diversity
39(1)
3.5.3 2 x 2 MIMO and TxAA
40(2)
3.5.4 4-Branch MIMO
42(4)
3.6 Uplink MIMO and Uplink Closed-Loop Transmit Diversity
46(6)
3.6.1 Uplink MIMO Channel Architecture
47(2)
3.6.2 Scheduling and Rank Selection with Uplink MIMO
49(1)
3.6.3 Uplink MIMO Performance Evaluation
50(2)
3.7 Conclusions
52(1)
References
52(1)
4 Continuous Packet Connectivity and High Speed Common Channels
53(24)
Harri Holma
Karri Ranta-aho
4.1 Introduction
53(1)
4.2 Continuous Packet Connectivity (CPC)
54(7)
4.2.1 Uplink DTX
55(3)
4.2.2 Downlink DRX
58(1)
4.2.3 HS-SCCH-Less Transmission
59(2)
4.3 High Speed FACH
61(2)
4.4 High Speed RACH
63(3)
4.5 High Speed FACH and RACH Enhancements
66(1)
4.6 Fast Dormancy
67(1)
4.7 Uplink Interference Reduction
68(4)
4.8 Terminal Power Consumption Minimization
72(1)
4.9 Signaling Reduction
73(1)
4.10 Latency Optimization
74(1)
4.11 Summary
75(2)
References
75(2)
5 HSDPA Multiflow
77(26)
Thomas Hohne
Karri Ranta-aho
Alexander Sayenko
Antti Toskala
5.1 Introduction
77(1)
5.2 Multiflow Overview
77(3)
5.2.1 Multiflow Principle
78(1)
5.2.2 Multiflow Configurations
78(2)
5.3 Multiflow Protocol Stack
80(1)
5.4 Multiflow Impacts on UE Architecture
80(1)
5.5 Uplink Feedback for Multiflow
81(6)
5.5.1 HS-DPCCH Structure with Multiflow
81(3)
5.5.2 Dynamic Carrier Activation
84(1)
5.5.3 Timing of Uplink Feedback
84(2)
5.5.4 HS-DPCCH Power Levels
86(1)
5.6 RLC Impact
87(2)
5.6.1 RLC Timer_Reordering
87(1)
5.6.2 RLC Reset
88(1)
5.7 Iub/Iur Enhancements
89(2)
5.7.1 Flow Control
89(1)
5.7.2 Multiflow Extensions
90(1)
5.8 Multiflow Combined with Other Features
91(2)
5.8.1 Downlink MIMO
91(1)
5.8.2 Uplink Closed-Loop Transmit Diversity and Uplink MIMO
91(1)
5.8.3 DTX/DRX
92(1)
5.9 Setting Up Multiflow
93(1)
5.10 Robustness
94(2)
5.10.1 Robustness for RRC Signaling
94(1)
5.10.2 Radio Link Failure
94(2)
5.10.3 Robustness for User Plane Data
96(1)
5.11 Multiflow Performance
96(4)
5.11.1 Multiflow Performance in Macro Networks
96(1)
5.11.2 Multiflow Performance with HetNets
96(4)
5.12 Multiflow and Other Multipoint Transmission Techniques
100(1)
5.13 Conclusions
100(3)
References
100(3)
6 Voice Evolution
103(14)
Harri Holma
Karri Ranta-aho
6.1 Introduction
103(1)
6.2 Voice Quality with AMR Wideband
103(3)
6.3 Voice Capacity with Low Rate AMR
106(1)
6.4 VoIP Over HSPA
107(4)
6.5 Circuit-Switched Voice Over HSPA
111(1)
6.6 Voice Over HSPA Mobility
112(2)
6.7 Circuit-Switched Fallback
114(1)
6.8 Single Radio Voice Call Continuity
115(1)
6.9 Summary
116(1)
References
116(1)
7 Heterogeneous Networks
117(22)
Harri Holma
Fernando Sanchez Moya
7.1 Introduction
117(1)
7.2 Small Cell Drivers
117(1)
7.3 Base Station Categories
118(1)
7.4 Small Cell Dominance Areas
119(3)
7.5 HetNet Uplink-Downlink Imbalance
122(2)
7.6 HetNet Capacity and Data Rates
124(4)
7.7 HetNet Field Measurements
128(2)
7.8 Femto Cells
130(3)
7.9 WLAN Interworking
133(3)
7.9.1 Access Network Discovery and Selection Function (ANDSF)
133(2)
7.9.2 Hotspot 2.0
135(1)
7.9.3 Differences between ANDSF and Hotspot 2.0
136(1)
7.10 Summary
136(3)
References
137(2)
8 Advanced UE and BTS Algorithms
139(14)
Antti Toskala
Hisashi Onozawa
8.1 Introduction
139(1)
8.2 Advanced UE Receivers
139(4)
8.3 BTS Scheduling Alternatives
143(2)
8.4 BTS Interference Cancellation
145(4)
8.5 Further Advanced UE and BTS Algorithms
149(1)
8.6 Conclusions
150(3)
References
151(2)
9 IMT-Advanced Performance Evaluation
153(16)
Karri Ranta-aho
Antti Toskala
9.1 Introduction
153(1)
9.2 ITU-R Requirements for IMT-Advanced
153(2)
9.3 3GPP Features to Consider in Meeting the IMT-Advanced Requirements
155(2)
9.4 Performance Evaluation
157(11)
9.4.1 Eight-Carrier HSDPA
157(2)
9.4.2 Four-Antenna MIMO for HSDPA
159(1)
9.4.3 Uplink Beamforming, MIMO and 64QAM
160(2)
9.4.4 HSPA+ Multiflow
162(1)
9.4.5 Performance in Different ITU-R Scenarios
163(1)
9.4.6 Latency and Handover Interruption Analysis
164(4)
9.5 Conclusions
168(1)
References
168(1)
10 HSPA+ Performance
169(44)
Pablo Tapia
Brian Olsen
10.1 Introduction
169(1)
10.2 Test Tools and Methodology
170(3)
10.3 Single-Carrier HSPA+
173(15)
10.3.1 Test Scenarios
173(1)
10.3.2 Latency Measurements
174(1)
10.3.3 Good Signal Strength Scenario
175(2)
10.3.4 Mid Signal Strength Scenario
177(2)
10.3.5 Poor Signal Strength Scenario
179(3)
10.3.6 Summary of Stationary Tests
182(1)
10.3.7 Drive Test Performance of Single-Carrier HSPA+
183(5)
10.4 Dual-Cell HSPA+
188(10)
10.4.1 Stationary Performance
189(3)
10.4.2 Dual-Carrier Drive Performance
192(4)
10.4.3 Impact of Vendor Implementation
196(2)
10.5 Analysis of Other HSPA Features
198(11)
10.5.1 64 QAM Gains
198(2)
10.5.2 UE Advanced Receiver Field Results
200(3)
10.5.3 2x2 MIMO
203(3)
10.5.4 Quality of Service (QoS)
206(3)
10.6 Comparison of HSPA+ with LTE
209(2)
10.7 Summary
211(2)
References
212(1)
11 Network Planning
213(40)
Brian Olsen
Pablo Tapia
Jussi Reunanen
Harri Holma
11.1 Introduction
213(1)
11.2 Radio Frequency Planning
213(11)
11.2.1 Link Budget
215(4)
11.2.2 Antenna and Power Planning
219(3)
11.2.3 Automatic Cell Planning (ACP) Tools
222(1)
11.2.4 Neighbor Planning
223(1)
11.3 Multilayer Management in HSPA
224(9)
11.3.1 Layering Strategy within Single Band
225(5)
11.3.2 Layering Strategy with Multiple UMTS Bands
230(3)
11.3.3 Summary
233(1)
11.4 RAN Capacity Planning
233(10)
11.4.1 Discussion on Capacity Triggers
234(3)
11.4.2 Effect of Voice/Data Load
237(1)
11.4.3 Uplink Noise Discussion
238(2)
11.4.4 Sector Dimensioning
240(2)
11.4.5 RNC Dimensioning
242(1)
11.5 Packet Core and Transport Planning
243(3)
11.5.1 Backhaul Dimensioning
244(2)
11.6 Spectrum Refarming
246(4)
11.6.1 Introduction
246(1)
11.6.2 UMTS Spectrum Requirements
247(2)
11.6.3 GSM Features for Refarming
249(1)
11.6.4 Antenna Sharing Solutions
249(1)
11.7 Summary
250(3)
References
251(2)
12 Radio Network Optimization
253(40)
Pablo Tapia
Carl Williams
12.1 Introduction
253(1)
12.2 Optimization of the Radio Access Network Parameters
254(27)
12.2.1 Optimization of Antenna Parameters
255(2)
12.2.2 Optimization of Power Parameters
257(5)
12.2.3 Neighbor List Optimization
262(3)
12.2.4 HS Cell Change Optimization
265(3)
12.2.5 IRAT Handover Optimization
268(3)
12.2.6 Optimization of Radio State Transitions
271(4)
12.2.7 Uplink Noise Optimization
275(6)
12.3 Optimization Tools
281(11)
12.3.1 Geolocation
284(1)
12.3.2 User Tracing (Minimization of Drive Tests)
285(1)
12.3.3 Self Organizing Network (SON) Tools
286(6)
12.4 Summary
292(1)
Reference
292(1)
13 Smartphone Performance
293(44)
Pablo Tapia
Michael Thelander
Timo Halonen
Jeff Smith
Mika Aalto
13.1 Introduction
293(1)
13.2 Smartphone Traffic Analysis
294(3)
13.3 Smartphone Data Consumption
297(2)
13.4 Smartphone Signaling Analysis
299(9)
13.4.1 Smartphone Profiling
301(1)
13.4.2 Ranking Based on Key Performance Indicators
302(1)
13.4.3 Test Methodology
303(1)
13.4.4 KPIs Analyzed during Profiling
304(2)
13.4.5 Use Case Example: Analysis of Signaling by Various Mobile OSs
306(2)
13.5 Smartphone Performance
308(22)
13.5.1 User Experience KPIs
310(1)
13.5.2 Battery Performance
311(2)
13.5.3 Coverage Limits for Different Services
313(2)
13.5.4 Effect of TCP Performance
315(3)
13.5.5 Web Browsing Performance
318(3)
13.5.6 Video Streaming
321(9)
13.6 Use Case Study: Analysis of Smartphone User Experience in the US
330(4)
13.7 Summary
334(3)
References
335(2)
14 Multimode Multiband Terminal Design Challenges
337(56)
Jean-Marc Lemenager
Luigi Di Capua
Victor Wilkerson
Mikael Guenais
Thierry Meslet
Laurent Noel
14.1 Cost Reduction in Multimode Multiband Terminals
340(29)
14.1.1 Evolution of Silicon Area and Component Count
340(2)
14.1.2 Transceiver Architecture Evolutions
342(8)
14.1.3 RF Front End
350(19)
14.2 Power Consumption Reduction in Terminals
369(18)
14.2.1 Smartphone Power Consumption
369(2)
14.2.2 Application Engines
371(7)
14.2.3 Power Amplifiers
378(4)
14.2.4 Continuous Packet Connectivity
382(5)
14.3 Conclusion
387(6)
References
389(4)
15 LTE Interworking
393(28)
Harri Holma
Hannu Raassina
15.1 Introduction
393(1)
15.2 Packet Data Interworking
394(12)
15.2.1 Example Trace of 3G to LTE Cell Reselection
398(2)
15.2.2 Example Trace of LTE to 3G Redirection
400(6)
15.3 Circuit-Switched Fallback
406(9)
15.3.1 Example Circuit-Switched Fallback with Location Area Update
410(3)
15.3.2 Example Circuit-Switched Fallback without Location Area Update
413(2)
15.4 Matching of LTE and 3G Coverage Areas
415(2)
15.5 Single Radio Voice Call Continuity (SRVCC)
417(2)
15.6 Summary
419(2)
References
419(2)
16 HSPA Evolution Outlook
421(12)
Antti Toskala
Karri Ranta-aho
16.1 Introduction
421(1)
16.2 HSPA-LTE and WLAN Interworking
421(2)
16.3 Scalable Bandwidth UMTS
423(2)
16.4 DCH Enhancements
425(2)
16.5 HSUPA Enhancements
427(1)
16.6 Heterogenous Networks
428(2)
16.7 Other Areas of Improvement for Release 12 and Beyond
430(1)
16.8 Conclusions
430(3)
References
431(2)
Index 433
Editors: Harri Holma, Antti Toskala, Nokia Siemens Networks, Finland and Pablo Tapia, T-Mobile, USA
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