| List of Boxes |
|
viii | |
| Preface |
|
x | |
| Meet the Authors |
|
xvi | |
| One Introduction: Some Background Basics |
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1 | (32) |
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1 | (1) |
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2 | (4) |
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2 | (1) |
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Evolution of the Discipline |
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2 | (2) |
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Geography and Human Geography |
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4 | (2) |
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5 | (1) |
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6 | (14) |
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7 | (1) |
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Location, Direction, and Distance |
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7 | (3) |
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7 | (2) |
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9 | (1) |
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10 | (1) |
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10 | (1) |
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Physical and Cultural Attributes |
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11 | (1) |
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The Changing Attributes of Place |
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12 | (1) |
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Interrelations Between Places |
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13 | (1) |
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The Structured Content of Place |
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14 | (3) |
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15 | (1) |
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16 | (1) |
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16 | (1) |
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17 | (1) |
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Place Similarity and Regions |
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17 | (3) |
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18 | (2) |
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20 | (5) |
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20 | (2) |
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22 | (1) |
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22 | (3) |
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Contemporary Geospatial Technologies |
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25 | (3) |
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25 | (1) |
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Geographic Information Systems (GISs) |
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26 | (2) |
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28 | (1) |
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Systems, Maps, and Models |
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28 | (2) |
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The Structure of This Book |
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30 | (1) |
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30 | (1) |
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31 | (1) |
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31 | (2) |
| Two Roots And Meaning Of Culture: Introduction |
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33 | (27) |
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33 | (2) |
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35 | (2) |
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Interaction of People and Environment |
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37 | (3) |
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37 | (1) |
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38 | (2) |
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40 | (2) |
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42 | (5) |
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Agricultural Origins and Spread |
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43 | (2) |
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45 | (2) |
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47 | (2) |
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49 | (3) |
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52 | (4) |
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52 | (1) |
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53 | (2) |
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Acculturation and Cultural Modification |
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55 | (1) |
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56 | (2) |
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58 | (1) |
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59 | (1) |
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59 | (1) |
| Three Spatial Interaction And Spatial Behavior |
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60 | (33) |
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60 | (1) |
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61 | (5) |
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61 | (2) |
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61 | (1) |
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62 | (1) |
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62 | (1) |
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63 | (7) |
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63 | (1) |
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64 | (1) |
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65 | (1) |
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65 | (1) |
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66 | (1) |
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Individual Activity Space |
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67 | (2) |
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69 | (1) |
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Distance and Human Interaction |
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70 | (20) |
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Spatial Interaction and the Accumulation of Information |
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72 | (2) |
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72 | (2) |
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Information and Cognition |
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74 | (4) |
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74 | (1) |
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Perception of Natural Hazards |
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75 | (3) |
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78 | (1) |
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Principal Migration Patterns |
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78 | (1) |
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79 | (2) |
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81 | (8) |
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89 | (1) |
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90 | (1) |
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91 | (1) |
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91 | (2) |
| Four Population: World Patterns, Regional Trends |
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93 | (32) |
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93 | (1) |
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94 | (2) |
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Some Population Definitions |
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96 | (11) |
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96 | (1) |
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97 | (3) |
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100 | (2) |
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102 | (3) |
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Natural Increase and Doubling Times |
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105 | (2) |
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The Demographic Transition Model |
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107 | (4) |
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108 | (1) |
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A Divided World, A Converging World |
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109 | (2) |
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111 | (2) |
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111 | (2) |
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113 | (1) |
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World Population Distribution |
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113 | (2) |
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115 | (3) |
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116 | (2) |
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Population Data and Projections |
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118 | (3) |
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118 | (1) |
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118 | (1) |
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119 | (2) |
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121 | (2) |
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Population Implosion in the Developed World? |
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121 | (1) |
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122 | (1) |
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122 | (1) |
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123 | (1) |
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123 | (1) |
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124 | (1) |
| Five Language And Religion: Mosaics of Culture |
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125 | (42) |
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125 | (1) |
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Classification of Languages |
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126 | (17) |
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World Pattern of Languages |
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128 | (1) |
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129 | (4) |
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133 | (1) |
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133 | (1) |
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Standard and Variant Languages |
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134 | (4) |
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134 | (1) |
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135 | (3) |
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138 | (2) |
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140 | (1) |
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141 | (2) |
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Language, Territoriality, and Cultural Identity |
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143 | (1) |
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Language on the Landscape: Toponymy |
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144 | (2) |
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146 | (2) |
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Classification of Religion |
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147 | (1) |
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148 | (2) |
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148 | (2) |
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150 | (15) |
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150 | (1) |
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151 | (5) |
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Regions and Landscapes of Christianity |
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155 | (1) |
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156 | (2) |
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158 | (1) |
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159 | (1) |
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East Asian Ethnic Religions |
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160 | (2) |
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162 | (1) |
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Change and Diversity in the Geography of Religion |
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163 | (2) |
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165 | (1) |
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166 | (1) |
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166 | (1) |
| Six Ethnic Geography: Threads of Diversity |
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167 | (36) |
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168 | (1) |
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169 | (4) |
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Ethnic Diversity and Separatism |
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171 | (2) |
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173 | (3) |
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Acculturation and Assimilation |
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176 | (13) |
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Areal Expressions of Ethnicity |
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178 | (2) |
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180 | (1) |
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181 | (1) |
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The Black or African American Population |
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182 | (3) |
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185 | (2) |
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187 | (1) |
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Immigrant Gateways and Clusters |
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188 | (1) |
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189 | (1) |
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Urban Ethnic Diversity and Segregation |
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189 | (9) |
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192 | (1) |
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193 | (1) |
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Shifting Ethnic Concentrations |
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193 | (2) |
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Enclaves, Ghettos, and Ethnoburbs |
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195 | (1) |
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196 | (2) |
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198 | (1) |
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199 | (2) |
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200 | (1) |
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201 | (1) |
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201 | (1) |
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202 | (1) |
| Seven Cultural Identities And Cultural Landscapes: Diversity and Uniformity |
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203 | (37) |
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204 | (17) |
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204 | (2) |
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Culture Hearths of the United States and Canada |
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206 | (2) |
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Folk Culture Regions of the United States and Canada |
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208 | (1) |
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Folk Food and Drink Preferences |
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208 | (1) |
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209 | (2) |
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Popular Culture and National Uniformities |
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211 | (1) |
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National Uniformities and Globalization |
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211 | (2) |
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213 | (1) |
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214 | (3) |
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Reactions Against Globalized Popular Culture |
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217 | (1) |
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Regional Differences and Culture Regions |
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217 | (4) |
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221 | (16) |
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221 | (2) |
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223 | (1) |
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224 | (1) |
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Hearths and Diffusion Streams |
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225 | (6) |
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227 | (1) |
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The Middle Atlantic hearths |
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227 | (3) |
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230 | (1) |
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The Interior and Western hearths |
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230 | (1) |
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231 | (1) |
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Building Styles Around the World |
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232 | (2) |
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Landscapes of Consumption: The Shopping Mall |
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234 | (1) |
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235 | (2) |
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237 | (1) |
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238 | (1) |
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238 | (2) |
| Eight Economic Geography: Primary Activities |
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240 | (40) |
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240 | (2) |
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The Classification of Economic Activity and Economies |
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242 | (3) |
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242 | (1) |
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Types of Economic Systems |
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243 | (2) |
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Primary Activities: Agriculture |
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245 | (20) |
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246 | (8) |
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Extensive Subsistence Agriculture |
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247 | (2) |
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Intensive Subsistence Systems |
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249 | (1) |
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Urban Subsistence Farming |
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250 | (1) |
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Expanding Crop Production |
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251 | (1) |
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Intensification and the Green Revolution |
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252 | (2) |
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254 | (11) |
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254 | (3) |
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A Model of Agricultural Location |
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257 | (2) |
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Intensive Commercial Agriculture |
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259 | (2) |
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Extensive Commercial Agriculture |
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261 | (2) |
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263 | (1) |
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264 | (1) |
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Primary Activities: Resource Exploitation |
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265 | (11) |
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265 | (1) |
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266 | (2) |
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268 | (1) |
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269 | (12) |
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270 | (2) |
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272 | (2) |
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274 | (2) |
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Trade in Primary Products |
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276 | (1) |
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277 | (1) |
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278 | (1) |
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279 | (1) |
| Nine Economic Geography: Manufacturing and Services |
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280 | (33) |
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280 | (1) |
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Components of the Space Economy |
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281 | (2) |
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282 | (1) |
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Secondary Activities: Manufacturing |
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283 | (14) |
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Locational Decisions in Manufacturing |
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283 | (3) |
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283 | (1) |
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284 | (1) |
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284 | (1) |
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285 | (1) |
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285 | (1) |
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285 | (1) |
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Transportation and Location |
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286 | (2) |
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Industrial Location Theory |
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288 | (2) |
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288 | (1) |
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Modifications to Least-Cost Theory |
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289 | (1) |
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Contemporary Industrial Location Considerations |
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290 | (5) |
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290 | (1) |
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291 | (1) |
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Just-in-Time and Flexible Production |
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291 | (1) |
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Comparative Advantage, Offshoring, and the New International Division of Labor |
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292 | (3) |
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Transnational Corporations (TNCs) |
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295 | (2) |
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High-Technology Manufacturing |
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297 | (2) |
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World Manufacturing Patterns and Trends |
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299 | (4) |
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The United States and Canada |
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300 | (1) |
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300 | (2) |
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302 | (1) |
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303 | (5) |
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Types of Service Activities |
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305 | (1) |
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Locational Interdependence Theory for Services |
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305 | (1) |
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306 | (1) |
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306 | (1) |
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307 | (1) |
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307 | (1) |
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308 | (3) |
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311 | (1) |
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312 | (1) |
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312 | (1) |
| Ten Economic Development And Change |
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313 | (31) |
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313 | (1) |
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314 | (1) |
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Dividing the Continuum: Defining Development |
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315 | (2) |
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317 | (12) |
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Gross National Income (GNI) and Purchasing Power Parity (PPP) per Capita |
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318 | (2) |
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Energy Consumption per Capita |
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320 | (1) |
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Percentage of the Workforce Engaged in Agriculture |
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320 | (1) |
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Food Security and Nutrition |
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321 | (2) |
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323 | (1) |
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Safe Drinking Water and Sanitation |
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324 | (2) |
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326 | (2) |
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328 | (1) |
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Explanations of Development and Underdevelopment |
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329 | (3) |
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329 | (1) |
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The Slave Trade and Colonialism |
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330 | (1) |
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330 | (1) |
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331 | (1) |
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332 | (1) |
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332 | (1) |
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Strategies for Development |
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332 | (4) |
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New Directions in Development |
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332 | (1) |
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333 | (1) |
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Challenges and Opportunities Facing Developing Countries |
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333 | (1) |
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333 | (12) |
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335 | (1) |
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336 | (3) |
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Alternative Measures of Development and Well-Being |
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339 | (3) |
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342 | (1) |
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343 | (1) |
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343 | (1) |
| Eleven Urban Systems And Urban Structures |
|
344 | (45) |
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344 | (1) |
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345 | (4) |
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347 | (2) |
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349 | (1) |
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Origins and Evolution of Cities |
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350 | (5) |
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352 | (1) |
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The Location of Urban Settlements |
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352 | (1) |
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353 | (2) |
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355 | (1) |
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355 | (1) |
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356 | (4) |
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356 | (2) |
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358 | (1) |
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358 | (1) |
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359 | (1) |
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360 | (5) |
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360 | (1) |
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Classic Patterns of Urban Land Use |
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361 | (4) |
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The Central Business District |
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362 | (1) |
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362 | (1) |
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Automobile-Based Patterns |
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362 | (1) |
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363 | (1) |
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364 | (1) |
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365 | (4) |
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366 | (1) |
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367 | (1) |
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367 | (1) |
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367 | (2) |
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369 | (7) |
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Suburbanization and Edge Cities |
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370 | (1) |
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371 | (4) |
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Central City Renewal and Gentrification |
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375 | (1) |
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376 | (10) |
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378 | (2) |
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380 | (1) |
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Rapidly Growing Cities of the Developing World |
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380 | (2) |
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381 | (1) |
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Urban Primacy and Rapid Growth |
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382 | (9) |
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383 | (2) |
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Latin American City Model |
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385 | (1) |
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385 | (1) |
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386 | (1) |
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387 | (1) |
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387 | (2) |
| Twelve The Political Ordering Of Space |
|
389 | (36) |
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389 | (2) |
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National Political Systems |
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391 | (19) |
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States, Nations, and Nation-States |
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391 | (1) |
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The Evolution of the Modern State |
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392 | (3) |
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395 | (1) |
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Spatial Characteristics of States |
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395 | (5) |
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396 | (1) |
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396 | (1) |
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397 | (1) |
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398 | (2) |
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Boundaries: The Limits of the State |
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400 | (3) |
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Natural and Geometric Boundaries |
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401 | (1) |
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Boundaries Classified by Settlement |
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401 | (1) |
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402 | (1) |
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Centripetal Forces: Promoting State Cohesion |
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403 | (2) |
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403 | (1) |
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404 | (1) |
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Organization and Administration |
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405 | (1) |
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Transportation and Communication |
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405 | (1) |
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Centrifugal Forces: Challenges to State Authority |
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405 | (5) |
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410 | (6) |
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410 | (1) |
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The United Nations and Its Agencies |
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410 | (3) |
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411 | (1) |
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An International Law of the Sea |
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411 | (1) |
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412 | (1) |
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413 | (3) |
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414 | (1) |
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Military and Political Alliances |
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415 | (1) |
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Local and Regional Political Organization |
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|
416 | (7) |
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The Geography of Representation: The Districting Problem |
|
|
417 | (2) |
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The Fragmentation of Political Power |
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|
419 | (4) |
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423 | (1) |
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423 | (1) |
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424 | (1) |
| Thirteen Human Impacts On The Environment |
|
425 | (34) |
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425 | (1) |
|
Physical Environments and Human Impacts |
|
|
426 | (13) |
|
Earth's Environmental Systems |
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|
427 | (2) |
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Impacts on the Atmosphere |
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|
429 | (2) |
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Air Pollution and Acid Precipitation |
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|
431 | (3) |
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434 | (1) |
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435 | (4) |
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439 | (6) |
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440 | (3) |
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441 | (2) |
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443 | (2) |
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Impacts on Water Resources |
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|
445 | (4) |
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445 | (2) |
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447 | (2) |
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449 | (6) |
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|
|
449 | (2) |
|
|
|
451 | (3) |
|
|
|
452 | (2) |
|
|
|
454 | (1) |
|
Future Prospects and Perspectives |
|
|
455 | (1) |
|
|
|
455 | (1) |
|
|
|
456 | (1) |
|
|
|
456 | (3) |
| Appendix A |
|
459 | (9) |
| Appendix B |
|
468 | (7) |
| Appendix C |
|
475 | (1) |
| Glossary |
|
476 | (14) |
| Credits |
|
490 | (2) |
| Index |
|
492 | |
