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Humanitarianism, War, and Politics: Solferino to Syria and Beyond [Hardback]

  • Formāts: Hardback, 344 pages, height x width x depth: 237x160x24 mm, weight: 635 g, 14 BW Photos, 10 Maps, 19 Tables
  • Sērija : New Millennium Books in International Studies
  • Izdošanas datums: 30-Jun-2017
  • Izdevniecība: Rowman & Littlefield Publishers
  • ISBN-10: 1442266120
  • ISBN-13: 9781442266124
  • Hardback
  • Cena: 127,54 €
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  • Formāts: Hardback, 344 pages, height x width x depth: 237x160x24 mm, weight: 635 g, 14 BW Photos, 10 Maps, 19 Tables
  • Sērija : New Millennium Books in International Studies
  • Izdošanas datums: 30-Jun-2017
  • Izdevniecība: Rowman & Littlefield Publishers
  • ISBN-10: 1442266120
  • ISBN-13: 9781442266124
What is humanitarianism? This authoritative book provides a comprehensive analysis of the original idea and its evolution, exploring its triangulation with war and politics. Peter J. Hoffman and Thomas G. Weiss trace the origins of humanitarianism, its social movement, and the institutions (international humanitarian law) and organizations (providers of assistance and protection) that comprise it. They consider the international humanitarian systems ability to regulate the conduct of war, to improve the wellbeing of its victims, and to prosecute war criminals. Probing the profound changes in the culture and capacities that underpin the sector and alter the meaning of humanitarianism, they assess the reinventions that constitute revolutions in humanitarian affairs.   The book begins with traditions and perspectivesranging from classic international relations approaches to Critical Humanitarian Studies and reviews seminal wartime emergencies and the creation and development of humanitarian agencies in the late nineteenth and twentieth centuries. The authors then examine the rise of new humanitarianisms after the Cold Wars end and contemporary cases after 9/11. The authors continue by unpacking the most recent revolutionsthe International Criminal Court and the Responsibility to Protectas well as such core challenges as displacement camps, infectious diseases, eco-refugees, and marketization. They conclude by evaluating the contemporary system and the prospects for further transformations, identifying scholarly puzzles and the acute operational problems faced by practitioners.

Recenzijas

Hoffman and Weiss do a masterful job of analyzing unfolding changes in bedrock principles that produce the shifting sands of politics seen in ideas, actions, and results... Humanitarianism, War, and Politics is absolutely essential reading for both academics and humanitarian practitioners -- Jan Egeland, Secretary-General, Norwegian Refugee Council, and former UN Under-Secretary-General for Humanitarian Affairs and Emergency Relief Coordinator The early decades of the 21st century have witnessed a profound crisis in humanitarianism, marked not only by the shrinking space within which humanitarian actors now work, but also by declining funding and political support. In Humanitarianism, War and Politics, Hoffman and Weiss give us both an interpretive 'toolkit' and historically-informed analysis to explain why and how humanitarianism is under siege. They illuminate the various forms of power that underpin humanitarian action, and how the inescapably political process of allocating rights, relief and refuge has been affected by the changing nature of armed conflict. The book is essential reading for those seeking to understand the roots of humanitarianism's current malaise, as well as for those endeavoring to reinvigorate humanitarianism, and enhance its impact, in the years ahead. -- Jennifer Welsh, Professor and Chair in International Relations, European University Institute and former Special Adviser to the UN Secretary-General on the Responsibility to Protect Humanitarianism has a complicated history.  It is a project that refuses to be a bystander to a world that creates and accepts so much needless suffering. While its motives might be high-minded, the action itself is filled with moral compromises, failures, and human and political limits.  This is a difficult story to tell, requiring not cynicism but sobriety along with elements of hope.  Hoffman and Weiss's Humanitarianism, War, and Politics captures this history and its ambiguities.  Highs and lows.  Accomplishments and failures.  And, ultimately, having to make tough and rotten choices. -- Michael Barnett, University Professor, George Washington University

List of Tables, Boxes, and Maps
xi
List of Abbreviations
xiii
Foreword xvii
Jan Egeland
Preface xxi
Introduction: Humanitarian Cosmology and Mythology 1(16)
What Is Humanitarianism?
4(2)
Social Science and the Study of Humanitarianism
6(3)
The Argument
9(3)
About the Book
12(5)
1 Humanitarian Culture, Traditions, and Theories: Concepts and Tools
17(20)
Humanitarian Values and Visions
18(1)
Humanitarian Organizations and IR Theory
19(2)
Humanitarian Organizations and Critical Theory
21(8)
Just War
29(2)
Early Thinkers and IHL
31(2)
Debates about Just War
33(2)
Conclusion: The Meaning and Place of Humanitarianism
35(2)
2 Humanitarian Genesis and Gravity: Solferino to Biafra and African Famines
37(20)
The Crystallization of Modern Humanitarianism
38(3)
The Birth of IHL and the ICRC
41(3)
Two World Wars and Humanitarian Aftermaths
44(4)
New Actors and Tools Early in the Cold War
48(2)
New Humanitarian Wrinkles Later in the Cold War
50(3)
Conclusion: The International Humanitarian System in Historical Perspective
53(4)
3 New Wars and New Humanitarianisms in the 1990s: Northern Iraq, Somalia, Rwanda, and the Balkans
57(38)
The Humanitarian Landscape at the Cold War's End
59(1)
Northern Iraq: Coercing Access and Confronting Sanctions
60(5)
Somalia: Conflict, Crisis, and Syndrome
65(7)
Rwanda: Genocide, Global Response, and Ghosts
72(7)
Bosnia-Herzegovina and Kosovo: Well-Fed Dead and "Humanitarian War"
79(8)
The Meaning of the 1990s for Humanitarians
87(5)
Conclusion: New Humanitarianisms in Historical Perspective
92(3)
4 Humanitarianism and Security: The Responsibility to Protect
95(18)
Background
96(4)
The International Commission on Intervention and State Sovereignty
100(3)
Contemporary Politics and R2P
103(2)
The Enduring Debate
105(5)
Conclusion: Explaining and Evaluating R2P
110(3)
5 Humanitarianism Adjudicated: The International Criminal Court
113(18)
Jus Post Bellum and War Crimes
114(1)
International Justice for War Crimes Prior to 1998
115(6)
The Rome Statute and the ICC's Formation
121(3)
The ICC as an International Organization
124(2)
Conclusion: Evaluating the ICC's Prosecution of War Crimes
126(5)
6 Humanitarianism in the Post-9/11 World: Afghanistan, Iraq, Libya, and Syria
131(36)
Afghanistan: Counterterrorism and Asphyxiated Humanitarianism
132(7)
Iraq: Civil War and Tainted Humanitarianism
139(5)
Libya: The Arab Spring and Reborn Humanitarianism
144(8)
Syria: Endless Atrocities and Stillborn Humanitarianism
152(8)
Conclusion: Revisiting Humanitarian Action and Intervention
160(7)
7 Humanitarianism Forgotten and Forsaken: Darfur, South Sudan, Uganda, and Neglected Victims
167(20)
Darfur: Humanitarian Sideshow
169(4)
South Sudan: Born into Crisis
173(3)
Uganda: A Moving Humanitarian Target
176(3)
Sexual and Gender-Based Violence: A Blind Spot
179(4)
Conclusion: Marginalized Disasters, or Humanitarianism Lost in Translation
183(4)
8 Humanitarian Limbo: Displaced Populations, Prolonged Suffering, Contested Camps
187(22)
The Problem of Forced Displacement
188(7)
Fixing the Problem
195(5)
The Problem with Fixing the Problem
200(2)
Europe's Contemporary Crisis
202(1)
The Meaning of "Refugee-Terrorist"
203(2)
Conclusion: Displacement, Domination, Dysfunction
205(4)
9 The Humanitarian-Industrial Complex: Media and Markets
209(22)
The Media: Mercy as Spectacle
212(6)
Celebrity Humanitarianism: Mercy as Accessory
218(1)
The Market: Mercy as Commodity
219(6)
Private Security Contractors: Mercy and Mercenaries
225(3)
Conclusion: Humanitarianism's Value and Humanitarian Values
228(3)
10 Humanitarianism Unbound: Public Health Disasters and Environmental Emergencies
231(18)
Infectious Diseases and the Humanitarian Agenda
232(3)
HIV / AIDS and Ebola
235(2)
Public Health Challenges and Humanitarianism
237(2)
The Humanitarian Impact of Environmental Crises
239(4)
Climate Refugees
243(2)
Environmental Challenges and Humanitarianism
245(1)
Conclusion: If Humanitarianism Bends, Does It Break?
246(3)
11 The Study and Practice of Humanitarianism: Making Sense and Finding Meaning in Saving People
249(26)
Condition of the Humanitarian Sector
250(8)
The Revolution in Humanitarian Affairs
258(8)
Lessons from Loss or Lessons Lost?
266(9)
Notes 275(28)
Index 303(16)
About the Authors 319
Peter J. Hoffman is Julien J. Studley Faculty Fellow and assistant professor in The Graduate Program in International Affairs, The New School. Thomas G. Weiss is Presidential Professor of Political Science at The Graduate Center, The City University of New York.