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E-grāmata: IEC 61850-Based Smart Substations: Principles, Testing, Operation and Maintenance

Edited by (Professoriate Senior Engineer, State Grid Jiangsu Electric Power Research Institute, Nanjing, China), Edited by (Senior Engineer, State Grid Jiangsu Electric Power Research Institute, Nanjing, China)
  • Formāts: EPUB+DRM
  • Izdošanas datums: 12-Jun-2019
  • Izdevniecība: Academic Press Inc
  • Valoda: eng
  • ISBN-13: 9780128151594
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  • Formāts: EPUB+DRM
  • Izdošanas datums: 12-Jun-2019
  • Izdevniecība: Academic Press Inc
  • Valoda: eng
  • ISBN-13: 9780128151594
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IEC 61850-Based Smart Substations: Principles, Testing, Operation and Maintenance systematically presents principles, testing approaches, and the operation and maintenance technologies of such substations from the perspective of real-world application. The book consists of chapters that cover a review of IEC 61850 based smart substations, substation configuration technology, principles and testing technologies for the smart substation, process bus, substation level, time setting and synchronization, and cybersecurity. It gives detailed information on testing processes and approaches, operation and maintenance technologies, and insights gained through practical experience.

As IEC 61850 based smart substations have played a significant role in smart grids, realizing information sharing and device interoperation, this book provides a timely resource on the topics at hand.

  • Contributes to the overall understanding of standard IEC 61850, analyzing principles and features
  • Introduces best practices derived from hundreds of smart substation engineering applications
  • Summarizes current research and insights gained from practical experience in the testing, operation and maintenance of smart substation projects in China
  • Gives systematic and detailed information on testing technology
  • Introduces novel technologies for next-generation substations
Contributors xi
About the Editors xiii
Preface xv
Acknowledgment xix
Chapter 1 Overview of Smart Substations
1(24)
Beibei Qi
Yubo Yuan
Yi Yang
Qiangsheng Bu
Jiulin Chen
1.1 Basic Concepts of Smart Substations
2(1)
1.2 Characteristics of Smart Substations
3(2)
1.3 Main Technologies of Smart Substations
5(11)
1.3.1 IEC 61850 Standards
5(1)
1.3.2 Network Communication Technology
5(1)
1.3.3 New Sensor Technology
6(2)
1.3.4 Intelligent Primary Devices
8(2)
1.3.5 Intelligent Primary Equipment Condition Monitoring
10(3)
1.3.6 Integrated Information Platform and Advanced Applications
13(3)
1.3.7 Intelligent Auxiliary Control System
16(1)
1.4 Development Stages of Smart Substations
16(4)
1.4.1 The First Generation Smart Substations
17(2)
1.4.2 New Generation Smart Substations
19(1)
1.5 Development Trends of Smart Substations
20(3)
1.5.1 Highly Integrated Systems
20(1)
1.5.2 Primary Equipment State-Aware
20(1)
1.5.3 Secondary Equipment Localization
21(1)
1.5.4 Intelligent Operation and Maintenance of Secondary Equipment
22(1)
1.5.5 Substation Data Sharing
22(1)
References
23(2)
Chapter 2 IEC 61850 Standards and Configuration Technology
25(38)
Zhechen Huang
Lei Gao
Yi Yang
Xiangping Kong
Jinjiao Lin
2.1 Introduction of IEC 61850
25(2)
2.2 Key Technologies of IEC 61850
27(9)
2.2.1 Object-Oriented Technology
27(1)
2.2.2 Abstract Communication Service Interface
28(1)
2.2.3 Manufacture Message Standards
29(2)
2.2.4 Generic Object Oriented Substation Event Model
31(4)
2.2.5 Sample Value Service
35(1)
2.3 Substation Configuration Language
36(5)
2.3.1 Substation Configuration Description Language Files
36(3)
2.3.2 Virtual Terminals
39(2)
2.4 General Configuration Process
41(7)
2.4.1 Communication Subnet Configuration
42(1)
2.4.2 Communication Configuration
43(1)
2.4.3 IED Nomination
43(1)
2.4.4 Data Set Configuration
44(1)
2.4.5 Control Block Configuration
45(1)
2.4.6 Virtual Terminal Connection Configuration
45(3)
2.5 Testing of Configuration Files
48(13)
2.5.1 Conformance Testing
48(1)
2.5.2 Application of Configuration Files
48(13)
References
61(2)
Chapter 3 Principles and Test Technology of Electronic Transformers
63(28)
Chi Zhang
Yu Cui
Jianfei Ji
Xingxin Guo
Tuo Luo
Xinyue Gong
3.1 Overview of Electronic Transformers
63(3)
3.2 Principles of Electronic Current Transformers
66(7)
3.2.1 Active Electronic Current Transformers
66(3)
3.2.2 Passive Electronic Current Transformers
69(3)
3.2.3 Comparison of Different Principles
72(1)
3.3 Principles of Electronic Voltage Transformers
73(3)
3.3.1 Active Electronic Voltage Transformers
73(1)
3.3.2 Passive Electronic Voltage Transformers
74(2)
3.4 Test Technology of Electronic Transformers
76(9)
3.4.1 Calibration of Electronic Transformers
76(5)
3.4.2 Time Delay Test of Electronic Transformers
81(2)
3.4.3 Polarity Test of Electronic Transformers
83(2)
3.4.4 Heavy Current Test of Electronic Transformers
85(1)
3.5 Application Issues of Electronic Transformers
85(4)
3.5.1 Rogowski Coil Analog Small Signal Output Susceptible to Electromagnetic Interference
85(2)
3.5.2 Waveform Drift Caused by the Integrator of a Rogowski-Based Transformer
87(1)
3.5.3 Abnormal Transfer of Rogowski Coil Current Transformer Using Digital Integrator
87(1)
3.5.4 Optical Fiber Current Transformer Environment-Dependent Accuracy
88(1)
3.5.5 Polarity Calibration in the Field Test of Electronic Transformers
88(1)
References
89(2)
Chapter 4 Principle and Testing Technology of Process Bus in Smart Substations
91(56)
Shi Chen
YunLong Du
Liangliang Song
Qijun Shen
Liang Zhang
4.1 Process Layer Equipment
92(11)
4.1.1 Merging Unit
93(6)
4.1.2 Circuit Breaker Management Intelligent Electronic Devices
99(3)
4.1.3 Network Switch of Process Layer
102(1)
4.2 Process Layer Communication Service in Smart Substations
103(17)
4.2.1 Process Layer Message Structure
103(3)
4.2.2 Priority and VLAN Technology
106(2)
4.2.3 GOOSE Service
108(8)
4.2.4 SV Service
116(4)
4.3 Process Bus of Smart Substations
120(11)
4.3.1 Smart Substation Network Topology
120(2)
4.3.2 Real-Time Performance Analysis of Process Bus
122(2)
4.3.3 Reliability Analysis of Process Bus
124(3)
4.3.4 Switch VLAN Configuration
127(4)
4.4 Test Technology of Process Layer in Smart Substations
131(15)
4.4.1 Virtual Terminal Test
131(1)
4.4.2 Conformance Test of Message in Process Layer
131(4)
4.4.3 Latency Test of Merging Unit
135(3)
4.4.4 Maintenance Mechanism Test
138(8)
References
146(1)
Chapter 5 Principle and Testing Technology of Station Layers in Smart Substations
147(38)
Zhiqiang Peng
Qiangsheng Bu
Mingzhong Zheng
Jie Xia
Qi Zhou
5.1 Technical Characteristics of Station Layer in Smart Substations
147(2)
5.2 Principle of Station Layer in Smart Substations
149(12)
5.2.1 Object and Service Model of Manufacturing Message Specification
150(1)
5.2.2 Report and Log
151(6)
5.2.3 Application of Setting Value Model
157(1)
5.2.4 Logic Blocking Based on GOOSE
158(1)
5.2.5 Sequence Control
159(2)
5.3 Analysis of Typical Station Layer Messages
161(16)
5.3.1 Initialization Process (Initiate)
161(2)
5.3.2 Get Name List (GefNameList)
163(2)
5.3.3 Information Report (InformationReport)
165(1)
5.3.4 Read Service (Read)
166(1)
5.3.5 Write Service (Write)
166(1)
5.3.6 Conclude Process (Conclude)
167(1)
5.3.7 Control Service
168(9)
5.4 Testing Technology of Station Layer System
177(6)
5.4.1 Monitor Host Test
177(2)
5.4.2 Telecontrol Device Test
179(2)
5.4.3 Relay Information Slave Station Test
181(2)
References
183(2)
Chapter 6 Time Synchronization Principle and Testing Technology in Smart Substations
185(38)
Shuang Song
Jiankun Liu
Haiou Cao
Xiang Huang
Jianhua Zhou
6.1 Introduction of the Time Synchronization Method
186(4)
6.1.1 Concept of Time
186(1)
6.1.2 Frequently Used Clock Sources
187(1)
6.1.3 Frequently Used Time Synchronization Methods
188(2)
6.2 IEEE 1588 Precision Time Technology
190(12)
6.2.1 Summary of IEEE 1588
190(1)
6.2.2 Precision Time Protocol
191(7)
6.2.3 Time Synchronization Mechanism of IEEE 1588
198(4)
6.3 IEEE 1588 Synchronization Application in CBMIED
202(7)
6.3.1 Application Background
202(2)
6.3.2 IEEE 1588 Synchronization Plan of CBM IED
204(1)
6.3.3 Synchronization Test of CBM IED
205(4)
6.4 Sampling Value Synchronization Technology
209(5)
6.4.1 Origin of the Synchronization Problem
209(2)
6.4.2 Solution of the Sampling Data Synchronization Problem
211(3)
6.5 Synchronization Test Technology
214(8)
6.5.1 Data Synchronization Based on Interpolation Method
215(3)
6.5.2 Data Synchronization Test Based on IEEE 1588
218(4)
References
222(1)
Chapter 7 Cybersecurity Testing Technology in Smart Substations
223(32)
Yi Yang
Haiqing Xu
Kieran McLaughlin
Sakir Sezer
Haitao Jiang
Wei Huang
7.1 Cybersecurity Test-Bed of IEC 61850 Smart Substations
224(2)
7.2 Cyber Vulnerability Investigation in Smart Substations
226(2)
7.2.1 Investigation of Cyberattacks on the Smart Substation
226(2)
7.2.2 Substation Attack Scenarios
228(1)
7.3 Fuzzing Testing Technology
228(3)
7.3.1 Fuzz Testing Implementation in the Test-Bed
229(1)
7.3.2 Experimental Results
230(1)
7.4 Intrusion Detection Technology
231(18)
7.4.1 Current Research on SCADA-IDS
233(1)
7.4.2 Background
234(1)
7.4.3 Multidimensional Intrusion Detection for IEC 61850-Based SCADA
235(9)
7.4.4 Implementation
244(2)
7.4.5 Experimental Results
246(3)
7.5 Recommendations for Cybersecurity of Smart Substations
249(4)
References
253(1)
Further Reading
254(1)
Chapter 8 Intelligent Status Monitoring System for Smart Substations
255(52)
Juan Li
Qiang Huang
Peng Li
Haosheng Huang
Liang Zhang
8.1 Overview of Power Equipment Condition Monitoring
256(13)
8.1.1 Significance of Power Equipment Condition Monitoring
256(1)
8.1.2 Necessity of Power Equipment Condition Monitoring
257(4)
8.1.3 Development Situation of Power Equipment Condition Monitoring
261(3)
8.1.4 Condition Monitoring System for Substation Equipment
264(5)
8.2 Design of Intelligent Condition Monitoring Systems
269(36)
8.2.1 Condition Monitoring Communication Systems
269(4)
8.2.2 Monitoring Parameters of Condition Monitoring Communication Systems
273(1)
8.2.3 Condition Monitoring System of Power Transformers
274(9)
8.2.4 Condition Monitoring System of Arresters
283(6)
8.2.5 Condition Monitoring System of GIS Partial Discharge
289(5)
8.2.6 SF6 Density, Moisture Condition Monitoring
294(2)
8.2.7 Circuit Break Condition Monitoring
296(9)
References
305(2)
Chapter 9 Operation and Maintenance Technology of Smart Substations
307(52)
Chenqing Wang
Liangliang Song
Yi Yang
Jiaqi Ju
Yikai Xu
9.1 Physical Circuit Modeling Technology of the Secondary System
308(6)
9.1.1 SPCL Cyber-Physical Model
310(1)
9.1.2 Design Flow of Secondary Physical Circuit Modeling
311(1)
9.1.3 Secondary Physical Circuit Configuration Tool
311(3)
9.2 Smart Label-Based Mobile Visualization Technology of the Secondary System
314(17)
9.2.1 Scheme Comparison of Encoding and Label Lectotype of Smart Label
315(4)
9.2.2 Technical Scheme of Smart Label Generation
319(6)
9.2.3 Parsing Schemes of Smart Labels
325(6)
9.3 Status Assessment and Fault Diagnosis Techniques of Secondary Equipment
331(20)
9.3.1 The Method of Secondary Equipment State Estimation Based on Multi-Parameter Model
332(8)
9.3.2 Network Topology Identification Based on MAC Address Matching
340(6)
9.3.3 Fault Diagnosis and Fault Location of Secondary Circuit Based on Evidence Table
346(5)
9.4 Commissioning and Safety Action Technology of Smart Substation Secondary System
351(6)
9.4.1 Comparison Method for Secondary Circuit Files
352(2)
9.4.2 Commissioning and Safety Action Generation Method
354(1)
9.4.3 Case Study
355(2)
References
357(2)
Chapter 10 New Generation Smart Substations
359(64)
Fubin Pang
Qun Li
Qiangsheng Bu
Zhicheng Zhou
Chi Zhang
10.1 Characteristics of New Generation Smart Substations
360(6)
10.1.1 The Proposition of New Generation Smart Substations
360(3)
10.1.2 Objectives of the New Generation Smart Substations
363(1)
10.1.3 Features of the New Generation Smart Substations
364(2)
10.2 Primary System of New Generation Smart Substations
366(15)
10.2.1 Isolated Circuit Breakers
366(9)
10.2.2 The Electronic Transformers
375(3)
10.2.3 Intelligent Transformers
378(3)
10.3 Secondary System of New Generation Smart Substations
381(15)
10.3.1 Hierarchical Protection
381(8)
10.3.2 Smart Power Clouds
389(1)
10.3.3 Digital Metering
390(4)
10.3.4 Highly Integrated Secondary Equipment
394(2)
10.4 New Generation Smart Substation Network Technology and Information Flow
396(16)
10.4.1 New Generation Smart Substation Network Technology
396(3)
10.4.2 Typical Information Flow for the Next Generation Smart Substations
399(13)
10.5 Technology of Prefabricated Cabin for Secondary Devices
412(8)
10.5.1 Modular Construction Features
414(1)
10.5.2 Prefabricated Cabin Structure
415(3)
10.5.3 Cabin Cabinet Layout
418(1)
10.5.4 Prefabricated Cabin Wiring Form
419(1)
References
420(3)
Index 423
Yubo Yuan is a professoriate senior engineer at the State Grid Jiangsu Electric Power Research Institute in China. With over a decade of experience in substation secondary systems, Yubo Yuan has project managed numerous examples of smart substation construction and testing. He has written a number of technical publications including journal and conference papers, technical reports, and books. His research interests include smart substation and relay protection. Yuan Yubo received an M. S. degree in electrical engineering from Hohai University, Nanjing, in 2000, and a doctorate in power system automation from Southeast University, Nanjing, in 2004. He is the convenor of the Cigré B5/D2.67 joint working group. Yi Yang is a senior engineer at the State Grid Jiangsu Electric Power Research Institute. He has participated in factory acceptance testing, on-site testing for practical smart substations, and related research He has published over 40 journal/conference papers and 4 book chapters. His current research focuses on IEC 61850-based smart substations, relay protection, smart grid cybersecurity, and FACTS. He also serves as Chair of the IEEE PES UPFC working group and is a member of the Cigré D2.02 advisory group..
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