| Foreword |
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ix | |
| Introduction |
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xvii | |
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Chapter 1 The History of Incentives in Environmental Economics |
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1 | (24) |
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1.1 From Pigou to the origins of the concept of externality |
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3 | (2) |
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5 | (3) |
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1.3 The emergence of environmental externalities in the 1960s |
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8 | (2) |
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1.4 The rift between theory and practice: regulation versus incentive |
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10 | (3) |
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1.5 In search of second-best solutions |
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13 | (7) |
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1.5.1 The emergence of the idea |
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13 | (4) |
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1.5.2 "Least-cost" theorems |
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17 | (3) |
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20 | (2) |
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22 | (3) |
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Chapter 2 Environmental Incentives Over Time: From the First Forms of Regulation to the Recognition of Cognitive Biases |
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25 | (22) |
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2.1 The first forms of environmental regulation |
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27 | (13) |
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27 | (6) |
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33 | (4) |
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2.1.3 Regulatory standards |
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37 | (3) |
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2.2 Different incentives, varying effectiveness |
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40 | (3) |
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2.3 The recent consideration of cognitive biases affecting environmental decisions |
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43 | (2) |
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45 | (2) |
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Chapter 3 Environmental Regulation through Nudges |
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47 | (30) |
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3.1 A look back at the concept of the nudge |
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48 | (5) |
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3.1.1 Cognitive biases and environmental decisions |
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49 | (1) |
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3.1.2 A more detailed exploration of the "nudge" concept |
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50 | (1) |
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3.1.3 Some examples of nudges |
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51 | (2) |
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3.2 Green nudges in the field, in the laboratory and in theory |
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53 | (11) |
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3.2.1 Energy conservation and the conservation of natural resources |
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53 | (3) |
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3.2.2 Green nudges in the laboratory |
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56 | (1) |
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57 | (2) |
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3.2.4 Premises of theoretical models |
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59 | (5) |
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3.3 Interesting results, but ethical problems |
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64 | (5) |
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3.3.1 Criticism focusing on manipulation |
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64 | (3) |
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3.3.2 Criticism of the paternalistic aspect of nudges |
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67 | (1) |
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3.3.3 Respect of freedoms and environmental regulation: the impossible choice? |
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68 | (1) |
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69 | (1) |
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70 | (7) |
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Chapter 4 Incentives, Prosocial Motivations, and Pro-environmental Public Policies: A Reflection Illustrated by the Waste Management Policy in France |
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77 | (26) |
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4.1 Heterogeneous determinants of motivation |
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80 | (6) |
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4.1.1 Internal motivations versus external motivations |
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80 | (4) |
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4.1.2 Social interactions |
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84 | (2) |
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4.2 Waste prevention instruments in France |
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86 | (7) |
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4.2.1 Regulatory motivations |
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86 | (2) |
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4.2.2 The nature of preventative instruments |
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88 | (5) |
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4.3 Tax versus reward: a European perspective |
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93 | (2) |
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4.4 Conclusions and practical implications for heterogeneous determinants of motivation |
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95 | (2) |
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97 | (6) |
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Chapter 5 Toward an Endogenization of Incentives? The Role of Education |
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103 | (36) |
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5.1 Introduction: the global mobilization for the environment |
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103 | (2) |
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5.2 The theoretical mechanisms on which pro-environmental education is based |
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105 | (12) |
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5.2.1 Factors influencing environmental behavior: motivations and incentives |
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106 | (4) |
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110 | (7) |
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5.3 Concrete educational measures implemented |
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117 | (11) |
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5.3.1 Education relative to the environment (ERE) |
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118 | (5) |
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5.3.2 Education in sustainable development (ESD) |
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123 | (3) |
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5.3.3 ESD at the international level |
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126 | (2) |
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5.4 What are the results? Evaluations |
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128 | (3) |
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5.4.1 Limoges regional education authority ESD investigation |
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129 | (1) |
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5.4.2 The MGEN investigation |
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130 | (1) |
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5.5 Conclusion: possible improvements for more effective ESD; the necessity of feedback and efforts at permanence within educational mechanisms |
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131 | (1) |
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132 | (7) |
| Conclusion |
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139 | (2) |
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| List of Authors |
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141 | (2) |
| Index |
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143 | |
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