|
|
|
xv | |
| Synopsis |
|
1 | (2) |
| Executive Summary |
|
3 | (4) |
|
1 Background And Study Task |
|
|
7 | (10) |
|
|
|
7 | (3) |
|
1.2 S&T Development in the Cleanup Program |
|
|
10 | (2) |
|
1.3 Approach for Carrying Out This Study |
|
|
12 | (5) |
|
1.3.1 Committee Interpretation of Congressional Request |
|
|
12 | (4) |
|
1.3.2 Committee Work Plan |
|
|
16 | (1) |
|
2 Review Of Doe-Em Technology Development Efforts |
|
|
17 | (30) |
|
2.1 Science and Technology in DOE-EM |
|
|
18 | (16) |
|
|
|
20 | (5) |
|
2.1.2 Headquarters-Managed S&T |
|
|
25 | (8) |
|
2.1.3 Coordination and Communication of S&T |
|
|
33 | (1) |
|
2.2 DOE-EM Leadership Views on S&T |
|
|
34 | (2) |
|
2.3 Findings and Recommendations |
|
|
36 | (11) |
|
3 Review And Assessment Of Technologies And Alternative Approaches |
|
|
47 | (28) |
|
3.1 Technologies and Alternative Approaches |
|
|
48 | (7) |
|
3.1.1 Change Chemistry at Bulk and Interfacial Scales |
|
|
49 | (1) |
|
3.1.2 Change Nuclear Properties |
|
|
50 | (1) |
|
3.1.3 Change Human Involvement |
|
|
51 | (1) |
|
3.1.4 Change Interrogation Approaches |
|
|
51 | (1) |
|
3.1.5 Change Modeling and Visualization Approaches |
|
|
52 | (1) |
|
3.1.6 Change Disposal Pathways |
|
|
53 | (1) |
|
3.1.7 Change Decision-Making Approaches |
|
|
54 | (1) |
|
3.2 Application of Technologies and Alternative Approaches |
|
|
55 | (20) |
|
3.2.1 Characterize and Retrieve Heterogeneous, Highly Radioactive Wastes from Large Underground Tanks Without Degrading Tank Integrity or the Immediate Surroundings |
|
|
56 | (4) |
|
3.2.2 Stabilize Residual Tank Waste and Underground Tanks in Place |
|
|
60 | (2) |
|
3.2.3 Improve the Efficiency and Effectiveness of In Situ Monitoring of Physical and Chemical Conditions Within and Beneath Underground Tanks |
|
|
62 | (1) |
|
3.2.4 Develop Real-Time Capabilities for In Situ Analysis and Modification of Waste Streams During Processing to Reduce the Need for Batching and Batch Storage |
|
|
63 | (1) |
|
3.2.5 Separate Long-Lived and Environmentally Mobile Radioactive Constituents from Waste Streams |
|
|
64 | (2) |
|
3.2.6 Rapidly, Remotely, and Safely Characterize and Remove Radioactive Contamination from Equipment and Buildings |
|
|
66 | (1) |
|
3.2.7 Characterize and Stabilize and/or Retrieve Contamination in the Vadose Zone |
|
|
67 | (3) |
|
3.2.8 Remotely Monitor the Physical and Chemical Environments in Waste Disposal Cells and Surface and Near-Surface Barriers |
|
|
70 | (3) |
|
3.2.9 Monitor the Locations and Movements of Subsurface Contaminant Plumes |
|
|
73 | (2) |
| References |
|
75 | (4) |
| Appendixes |
|
| A Congressional Request For The National Academies' Study |
|
79 | (2) |
| B Major National Academies Reports On Waste Management And Environmental Cleanup Of Nuclear Weapons Complex |
|
81 | (8) |
| C Committee And Staff Biographies |
|
89 | (8) |
| D Presentations And Site Visits |
|
97 | (6) |
| E Doe Sites Visited By The Committee |
|
103 | |
Biežāk uzdotie jautājumi par e-grāmatām