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Infectious Disease Epidemiology: Theory and Practice: Theory and Practice 3rd New edition [Mīkstie vāki]

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  • Formāts: Paperback / softback, 968 pages, weight: 2353 g
  • Izdošanas datums: 18-Dec-2020
  • Izdevniecība: Jones and Bartlett Publishers, Inc
  • ISBN-10: 1284268845
  • ISBN-13: 9781284268843
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Infectious Disease Epidemiology: Theory and Practice: Theory and Practice 3rd New editionPalielināt
  • Formāts: Paperback / softback, 968 pages, weight: 2353 g
  • Izdošanas datums: 18-Dec-2020
  • Izdevniecība: Jones and Bartlett Publishers, Inc
  • ISBN-10: 1284268845
  • ISBN-13: 9781284268843
Citas grāmatas par šo tēmu:
Permanent link: https://www.kriso.lv/db/9781284268843.html
Keywords:
ow in its third edition, this comprehensive volume is recognized as the most authoritative review of the epidemiology of infectious disease. Divided into five sections that cover methods in infectious disease epidemiology, airborne transmission, diarrheal diseases, blood and body fluid as a reservoir of infectious diseases, vectorborne and parasite disease, the book includes ‘state-of-the-art’ chapters on methodological issues, pathogenesis, and comprehensive reviews of virtually all known infectious diseases.New to the Third Edition:1.All chapters updated with significant new information2.HIV chapter completely updated including results of trials of Male Circumcision, HIV-vaccines, female condoms, Microbicides and new drugs3.New chapter on Infectious Disease Eradication (e.g. Smallpox, Polio, Measles)4.New chapter on Pneumococcal Disease (with material on S. pneumonia moved from the ARI and Vaccine chapters)5.Influenza chapter updated with new material on H1/N1 and control/prevention of Influenza during a pandemic 6.Consolidation of material from the chapters on Outbreaks and Surveillance.7.Nosocomial Infection chapter is shortened and updated with a new section on nosocomial/community MRSA8.Malaria chapter updated with new information on bed nets, prophylactic therapy of pregnant women and other high risk populations as well as new detailed examination of the organization, implementation, and accomplishments of the WHO—Roll-Back Malaria program; and a new description of the 5th Human Malaria parasite—P.knowlesi and its Epidemiology.9.STD chapter is updated with new information on the rapid diagnosis of STDs using urine PCR-methods as well as new information on partner prophylacitic treatment of STDs10.New information in Chickengunya virus, Enterovirus 71, Nipah and Hendra virus infections to the Emerging infections chapter.11.Hepatitis chapter is revised with new information on HEV virus12.New brief chapter discussing the various models of behavioral change that are useful in Infectious Diseases research—e.g. Health Belief model etc.
Contributors xiii
Preface to the Third Edition xvii
PART 1 METHODS IN INFECTIOUS DISEASE EPIDEMIOLOGY
1(464)
Chapter 1 Early History of Infectious Disease: Epidemiology and Control of Infectious Diseases
3(16)
Kenrad E. Nelson
Carolyn Masters Williams
Introduction
3(1)
The Era of Plagues
3(1)
Early Epidemiology
4(2)
The Observation and Care of Patients
6(1)
The Development of Statistics and Surveillance
7(1)
The Discovery of Microorganisms
8(4)
The Twentieth Century
12(1)
What Lies Ahead
13(2)
The Infectious Diseases Challenge
15(1)
References
16(3)
Chapter 2 Epidemiology of Infectious Disease: General Principles
19(26)
Kenrad E. Nelson
Introduction
19(1)
The Classification of Infectious Diseases
19(6)
Epidemiologic Characteristics of Infectious Diseases
25(8)
Surveillance of Infectious Diseases
33(1)
Temporal Trends of Infectious Diseases
33(7)
Recent Trends in Infectious Disease Morbidity and Mortality in the United States
40(1)
Recent Worldwide Trends in Infectious Disease Morbidity and Mortality
40(2)
References
42(3)
Chapter 3 Study Design
45(32)
Stephen J. Gange
Elizabeth T. Golub
Introduction
45(1)
Populations
46(2)
Epidemiologic Study Designs
48(17)
Measurement and Measures of Disease Occurrence
65(4)
Population Comparisons and Epidemiologic Inference
69(3)
References
72(5)
Chapter 4 Prevention of Infectious Diseases
77(28)
Catherine G. Sutcliffe
Wendy W. Davis
David D. Celentano
Introduction
77(1)
Individual Prevention Measures
77(11)
Community Prevention Measures
88(8)
Conclusions
96(1)
References
97(8)
Chapter 5 Outbreak Epidemiology
105(26)
Diane M. Dwyer
Carmela Groves
David Blythe
Introduction
105(1)
Surveillance and Outbreak Detection
106(1)
Outbreak Investigation
107(20)
Conclusion
127(1)
References
127(4)
Chapter 6 Infectious Disease Dynamics
131(36)
Derek A. T. Cummings
Justin Lessler
Introduction
131(1)
A Brief History
131(2)
Determinants of Epidemic Growth
133(2)
Elements of the Course of Infection
135(1)
Dynamic Models of the Epidemic Process
136(3)
Host Population Structure
139(2)
Types of Pathogens
141(4)
Dynamic Populations and Pathogens
145(4)
Stochasticity and Randomness
149(1)
Methods of Estimation
150(2)
Infectious Disease Dynamics and Public Health
152(6)
Future Trends
158(1)
References
158(9)
Chapter 7 Geographic Information Systems
167(20)
Gregory E. Glass
Overview
170(3)
Application Examples
173(11)
Conclusion
184(1)
References
185(2)
Chapter 8 Microbiology Tools for the Epidemiologist
187(32)
Nicole M. Parrish
Stefan Riedel
Taxonomy, Classification, and Structure of Infectious Agents
188(1)
Viruses
189(2)
Bacteria
191(7)
Fungi
198(6)
Medical Parasitology
204(6)
Diagnostic Microbiology
210(8)
References
218(1)
Chapter 9 Molecular Epidemiology and Infectious Diseases
219(34)
Susan M. Harrington
John S. Francis
William R. Bishai
Karen C. Carroll
Application of Typing Techniques
219(1)
Definitions and Background
220(3)
Molecular Biology Tools Available to the Molecular Epidemiologist
223(6)
Specific Techniques of Molecular Epidemiology
229(14)
New Methodologies
243(2)
Conclusion
245(1)
References
245(8)
Chapter 10 The Immune System and Host Defense Against Infections
253(20)
Joseph B. Margolick
Richard B. Markham
Alan L. Scott
Introduction
253(2)
Recognition of Pathogens
255(4)
After Antigen Binding: Immune Activation
259(1)
Dealing with the Pathogen: Immune Effector Mechanisms
259(3)
Cytokines of the Innate and Adaptive Immune Systems
262(3)
The Role of Cytokine Expression in Defining Functionally Different Effector CD4 T-Cell Lineages
265(1)
Mucosal Immunity
265(2)
Respiratory Immune Environment
267(1)
Common Mucosal Immune System
267(1)
Tolerance and the Regulation of the Immune Response
267(1)
Selective Immune Deficiencies: Windows into the Normal Roles and Functions of the Immune System
267(2)
Conclusion
269(1)
Recommended Textbooks of Immunology
269(1)
References
270(3)
Chapter 11 Vaccines: Past, Present, and Future
273(32)
Anita M. Loughlin
Steffanie A. Strathdee
Introduction
273(1)
Active Versus Passive Immunization
274(1)
Types of Vaccines
274(6)
Immunization Schedules
280(2)
Vaccine Development
282(2)
Vaccine Efficacy and Vaccine Effectiveness
284(2)
Epidemiologic Studies
286(2)
Monitoring Adverse Events and Vaccine Safety
288(2)
Direct Impact of Vaccination
290(5)
The Role of Vaccines in Eradication of Specific Diseases
295(4)
Barriers to Vaccine Implementation and Coverage
299(1)
References
300(5)
Chapter 12 Nutrition and Infection
305(24)
Alice M. Tang
Ellen Smit
Richard D. Semba
Introduction
305(1)
The Effects of Infection on Nutritional Status
305(1)
The Effects of Malnutrition on Host Defense Mechanisms
306(1)
Malnutrition and Specific Infectious Diseases
306(2)
Micronutrients and Immunity to Infectious Diseases
308(4)
Assessment of Nutritional Status
312(6)
Conclusion
318(1)
References
318(11)
Chapter 13 Emerging and New Infectious Diseases
329(40)
Kenrad E. Nelson
Responses to the Threat of Emerging Infections
329(1)
Factors in the Emergence of Infectious Diseases
330(16)
Notable Emerging Infectious Diseases
346(13)
Newly Discovered Pathogens
359(1)
References
360(9)
Chapter 14 Healthcare-Associated Infections
369(96)
Leilani Paitoonpong
Chun Kwan Bonnie Wong
Trish M. Perl
Introduction
369(1)
The Magnitude of Problem of HAIs
370(1)
History
371(2)
Surveillance for HAIs
373(4)
Pathophysiology and Risk Factors
377(2)
Etiology and Transmission
379(1)
Major Types of HAIs
380(7)
Epidemiologically Important Pathogens and Emerging Pathogens
387(11)
Control and Preventive Strategies
398(3)
The Need for Integrated Infection Control Programs
401(2)
Conclusion
403(1)
References
403(62)
PART 2 AIRBORNE TRANSMISSION
465(146)
Chapter 15 Epidemiology and Prevention of Influenza
467(18)
Mark C. Steinhoff
Introduction
467(1)
Clinical Features of Influenza
467(1)
Transmission
467(1)
Diagnosis
468(1)
The Virus
468(1)
Nomenclature
469(1)
Epidemiology of Epidemics and Pandemics
469(3)
Influenza in Tropical and Subtropical Regions
472(2)
Mechanisms of Antigenic Variation
474(2)
Epizootic Infections and Evolutionary History
476(1)
Prevention Strategies and Treatment
477(3)
Pandemic 2009 H1N1 Virus
480(1)
Avian Influenza Virus
481(1)
References
482(3)
Chapter 16 Measles
485(24)
William J. Moss
Martin O. Ota
Introduction
485(1)
Disease Burden
485(2)
Biologic Characteristics of the Measles Virus
487(1)
Pathogenesis
488(3)
Laboratory Diagnosis of Measles
491(1)
Epidemiologic Characteristics
491(1)
Geographic Distribution
492(1)
Population Size and Measles Virus Transmission
492(2)
Measles Mortality and Case Fatality
494(1)
Measles Vaccines
495(2)
Measles Control, Elimination, and Eradication
497(6)
Conclusion
503(1)
Acknowledgments
503(1)
References
503(6)
Chapter 17 Global Epidemiology of Meningococcal Infections
509(14)
Mark C. Steinhoff
Kenrad E. Nelson
Introduction
509(1)
The Organism
509(1)
Acquisition and Carriage
510(1)
Disease
510(1)
Treatment
510(1)
Risk Factors
511(1)
Epidemiology
511(2)
The Meningococcal Belt
513(1)
Vaccines
514(2)
Vaccine Strategies
516(1)
References
517(4)
For Further Reading
521(2)
Chapter 18 Tuberculosis
523(38)
Jonathan E. Golub
Jacqueline S. Coberly
Richard E. Chaisson
Introduction
523(1)
The Organism
524(3)
History
527(1)
Clinical Manifestations
528(1)
Diagnosis
528(4)
Therapy
532(1)
Epidemiology: Global Prevalence and Incidence
533(3)
Natural History of Tuberculosis
536(1)
Mechanism of Transmission
537(1)
Risk Factors Associated with Infection
538(1)
Risk Factors Associated with Development of Disease
538(7)
Bacillus Calmette-Guerin
545(2)
Tuberculosis Control Strategies: Case Finding and Treatment
547(3)
Conclusion
550(1)
References
551(10)
Chapter 19 The Epidemiology of Acute Respiratory Infections
561(50)
Kenrad E. Nelson
Mark C. Steinhoff
Introduction
561(1)
Impact on Public Health
561(6)
Classification of Acute Respiratory Infections
567(2)
Pathogens Responsible for Acute Respiratory Infections
569(4)
Risk Factors
573(12)
Efficient Methods of Data Collection to Evaluate Respiratory Epidemiology
585(2)
Prevention of Respiratory Infections
587(6)
Summary
593(2)
References
595(16)
PART 3 ORAL TRANSMISSION OF INFECTION
611(38)
Chapter 20 Diarrheal Diseases
613(22)
Robert E. Black
Christa L. Fischer Walker
Claudio F. Lanata
Introduction
613(1)
General Epidemiology Definitions
613(1)
Sources of Data
614(1)
Incidence
614(2)
Impact of Diarrhea
616(1)
Microbial Etiologies
617(6)
Transmission Routes
623(2)
Host Risk Factors
625(1)
Antimicrobial Resistance
626(1)
Strategies for Control
626(1)
References
627(8)
Chapter 21 Transmissible Spongiform Encephalopathies
635(14)
Kenrad E. Nelson
Introduction
635(1)
Scrapie
635(1)
Kuru
636(1)
Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease
637(8)
Chronic Wasting Disease of Mule Deer and Elk
645(1)
References
646(3)
PART 4 BLOOD AND BODY FLUID AS A RESERVOIR OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
649(174)
Chapter 22 Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infections and the Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome
651(72)
Kenrad E. Nelson
David D. Celentano
Introduction
651(1)
The AIDS Pandemic
652(1)
The HIV Virus
652(2)
HTV Natural History
654(3)
AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections
657(2)
Host Factors in Susceptibility or Resistance to HIV Infection and Disease Progression
659(3)
Inflammation and Microbial Translocation
662(1)
HIV Genotypes
662(1)
Impact of Coinfections on HIV
663(3)
Antiretroviral Therapy
666(7)
Modes of Transmission and Risk Factors
673(9)
Global Prevalence of HIV
682(6)
Estimating HIV Incidence
688(2)
Social and Cultural Factors
690(1)
Prevention of HIV/AIDS
690(9)
Addressing the AIDS Pandemic
699(2)
The Future
701(1)
References
702(21)
Chapter 23 Viral Hepatitis
723(58)
Kenrad E. Nelson
David L. Thomas
Introduction
723(1)
Biologic Basis for Transmission
724(1)
Clinical Syndrome
724(1)
Hepatitis A Virus
725(5)
Hepatitis B Virus
730(13)
Delta Hepatitis Virus
743(2)
Hepatitis C Virus
745(10)
Hepatitis E Virus
755(3)
Other Viruses
758(1)
References
758(23)
Chapter 24 Sexually Transmitted Diseases
781(42)
Charlotte A. Gaydos
Introduction
781(1)
Transmission Modes: The Definition of a Sexually Transmitted Disease
781(1)
Chlamydia
782(1)
Gonorrhea
783(3)
Pelvic Inflammatory Disease
786(1)
Syphilis
787(3)
Genital Herpes Infection
790(3)
Chancroid
793(1)
Human Papillomavirus Infection
794(2)
Vaginal Infections
796(3)
Control of Sexually Transmitted Diseases as an HIV Prevention Intervention
799(1)
Epidemiology and Behavior
800(2)
Education
802(1)
Prevention Issues Specific to Women
803(1)
Core Groups and Targeting
803(2)
Practical Issues
805(1)
Innovative STD Control Methods
806(1)
Future Considerations
807(1)
Summary
807(1)
References
808(15)
PART 5 VECTOR-BORNE AND PARASITE DISEASES
823
Chapter 25 Emerging Vector-Borne Diseases
825(36)
Kenrad E. Nelson
Introduction
825(1)
Arthropod-Borne Virus Infections
825(1)
Flaviviruses
826(1)
Dengue and Other Mosquito-Borne Infections
826(5)
West Nile Virus in North America
831(10)
Japanese Encephalitis Virus
841(2)
Yellow Fever
843(2)
Chikungunya Virus
845(1)
Tick-Borne Encephalitis Virus
846(1)
Other Mosquito-Borne Encephalitis Viruses in North America
846(6)
Other Tick-Borne Infections
852(1)
Trypanosomiasis
853(2)
Rift Valley Fever
855(1)
Summary
855(1)
References
855(6)
Chapter 26 Lyme Disease
861(20)
Diane E. Griffin
Introduction
861(1)
Clinical Picture and Biological Information
862(4)
Clinical Manifestations
866(2)
Diagnosis
868(1)
Treatment
868(1)
Epidemiology
868(3)
Exposure/Risk Factors
871(1)
Control Measures
871(1)
Vaccine
872(1)
Conclusions
872(1)
References
873(8)
Chapter 27 The Epidemiology and Control of Malaria
881(36)
William J. Moss
Richard H. Morrow
Background, History, and Public Health Importance
881(3)
The Biology of Malaria Parasites and Anopheline Vectors
884(4)
Malaria Metrics
888(2)
Pathogenesis in Individual Humans
890(2)
The Diversity of Falciparum Malaria Disease
892(4)
Human Activities, Climate Change with Global Warming, and the Epidemiology of Malaria
896(1)
Diagnosis and Treatment
897(2)
Drug Resistance
899(2)
Vaccines Against Malaria
901(2)
Approaches to Control
903(3)
The Future of Malaria Control and Elimination
906(2)
References
908(9)
Chapter 28 Epidemiology of Helminth Infections
917
Clive J. Shiff
Introduction
917(1)
Hookworm Parasites of Humans
917(3)
Schistosome Parasites in Humans
920(5)
Other Geohelminths
925(3)
Control of Neglected Tropical Diseases
928(1)
References
928(3)
Index 931
Kenrad E.'Nelson, MD, is Professor of Epidemiology and Medicine at the Bloomberg School of Public Healthand School of Medicine at Johns Hopkins University. He is the former director of the Infectious Disease Program in the Department of Epidemiology at the Bloomberg School of Public Health and is the author of numerous publications on the epidemiology of HIV, hepatitis, and infectious diseases.