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E-grāmata: Integrating Multiscale Observations of U.S. Waters

  • Formāts: 210 pages
  • Izdošanas datums: 16-Apr-2008
  • Izdevniecība: National Academies Press
  • Valoda: eng
  • ISBN-13: 9780309114585
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  • Formāts: 210 pages
  • Izdošanas datums: 16-Apr-2008
  • Izdevniecība: National Academies Press
  • Valoda: eng
  • ISBN-13: 9780309114585
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"Water is essential to life for humans and their food crops, and for ecosystems. Effective water management requires tracking the inflow, outflow, quantity and quality of ground-water and surface water, much like balancing a bank account. Currently, networks of ground-based instruments measure these in individual locations, while airborne and satellite sensors measure them over larger areas. Recent technological innovations offer unprecedented possibilities to integrate space, air, and land observations to advance water science and guide management decisions. This book concludes that in order to realize the potential of integrated data, agencies, universities, and the private sector must work together to develop new kinds of sensors, test them in field studies, and help users to apply this information to real problems"--Publisher.

Summary 1(9)
Introduction
10(12)
The Challenge
10(1)
Uses of Water and the Hydrologic Cycle
11(2)
Quantifying the Hydrologic Cycle
13(2)
Shortcomings of Traditional Measurement Techniques
15(2)
A Vision for the Future
17(1)
Scope and Organization of This Report
18(4)
Sensing from the Molecular to the Global Scale: New Opportunities and Challenges
22(40)
In-Situ Sensor and Sensor Networking Technologies
23(6)
New and Emerging Biogeochemical Sensor Approaches and Technologies
29(15)
Airborne Sensors
44(6)
Spaceborne Sensors
50(8)
Sensor Maintenance
58(1)
Community Involvement
59(1)
Summary
60(2)
Integrating Observations, Models, and Users
62(16)
Approaches for Integrating Observations and Models
63(3)
Cyberinfrastructure: Managing the Data and Delivering the Products
66(12)
Case Studies on Integrated Observatories for Hydrological and Related Sciences
78(65)
Introduction to the Case Studies
78(3)
Monitoring the Hydrology of the Everglades in South Florida
81(10)
Impacts of Agriculture on Water Resources: Tradeoffs Between Water Quantity and Quality in the Southern High Plains
91(12)
Hydrological Observations Networks for Multidisciplinary Analysis: Water and Malaria in Sub-Saharan Africa
103(6)
Achieving Predictive Capabilities in Arctic Land-Surface Hydrology
109(8)
Integrating Hydroclimate Variability and Water Quality in the Neuse River (North Carolina, USA) Basin and Estuary
117(14)
Mountain Hydrology in the Western United States
131(12)
Synthesis, Challenges, and Recommendations
143(18)
The Vision
143(1)
A Promising Beginning
144(1)
Major Challenges
145(6)
Recommendations
151(10)
References
161(32)
Appendixes
Key Water Science Research Questions and Challenges
181(6)
Planning, Designing, Operating, and Utilizing the Results from an Integrated Observational-Modeling System
187(4)
A Complementary National Research Council Study on Earth Science and Applications from Space
191(2)
Biographical Sketches Committee on Integrated Observations for Hydrologic and Related Sciences
193
Committee on Integrated Observations for Hydrologic and Related Sciences, National Research Council