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xiii | |
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xv | |
About the Author |
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xvii | |
Preface to the Third Edition |
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xix | |
Online Resources |
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xxv | |
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1 | (78) |
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3 | (20) |
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3 | (3) |
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The Tasks of Social Research |
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6 | (2) |
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What Can You Achieve with Social Research? |
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8 | (2) |
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Quantitative and Qualitative Research |
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10 | (6) |
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Doing Research On Site, Doing it Online or Combining the Two |
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16 | (1) |
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Why and How Research Can Be Fun |
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16 | (1) |
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What you Need to Ask Yourself |
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17 | (2) |
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19 | (1) |
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19 | (1) |
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20 | (3) |
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2 Worldviews in Social Research |
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23 | (16) |
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24 | (1) |
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25 | (2) |
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27 | (2) |
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29 | (2) |
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Social Research between Fundamentalism and Pragmatism |
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31 | (3) |
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What You Need to Ask Yourself |
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34 | (1) |
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35 | (1) |
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35 | (1) |
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36 | (3) |
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3 Ethical Issues in Social Research |
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39 | (22) |
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Principles of Ethically Acceptable Research |
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40 | (1) |
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41 | (2) |
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Confidentiality, Anonymity and Data Protection |
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43 | (3) |
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How to Avoid Causing Harm to Participants |
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46 | (2) |
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48 | (1) |
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49 | (2) |
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Rules of Good Scientific Practice |
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51 | (1) |
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Research Ethics: Cases and Mass Research |
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51 | (1) |
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Research Ethics in Digital and Online Research |
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51 | (2) |
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Data Protection: Regulations in the European Union |
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53 | (2) |
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55 | (1) |
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What You Need to Ask Yourself |
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56 | (1) |
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57 | (1) |
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57 | (1) |
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58 | (3) |
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4 From Research Idea to Research Question |
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61 | (18) |
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Starting Points for Research |
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61 | (4) |
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Origins of Research Questions |
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65 | (2) |
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Characteristics of Research Questions |
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67 | (4) |
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Good Research Questions, Bad Research Questions |
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71 | (2) |
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73 | (1) |
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What You Need to Ask Yourself |
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74 | (1) |
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75 | (1) |
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76 | (1) |
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76 | (3) |
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PART II PLANNING AND DESIGN |
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79 | (74) |
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5 Reading and Reviewing the Literature |
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81 | (24) |
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The Scope of a Literature Review |
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81 | (1) |
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What Do We Mean by `Literature'? |
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82 | (2) |
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84 | (2) |
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86 | (2) |
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Reading Empirical Studies |
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88 | (1) |
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How to Construct and Write a Literature Review |
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89 | (6) |
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Referencing the Literature |
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95 | (4) |
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Plagiarism and How to Avoid It |
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99 | (1) |
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What You Need to Ask Yourself |
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100 | (1) |
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101 | (1) |
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102 | (1) |
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102 | (3) |
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6 Steps in the Research Process |
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105 | (20) |
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Overview of the Research Process |
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105 | (1) |
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The Research Process in Quantitative Research |
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106 | (7) |
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The Research Process in Qualitative Research |
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113 | (5) |
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Comparing the Processes of Quantitative and Qualitative Research |
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118 | (3) |
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What You Need to Ask Yourself |
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121 | (1) |
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121 | (1) |
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122 | (1) |
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122 | (3) |
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7 Designing Social Research |
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125 | (28) |
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Writing a Proposal for a Research Project |
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125 | (2) |
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127 | (3) |
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130 | (1) |
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Research Designs in Quantitative Research |
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131 | (4) |
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Qualitative Research Designs |
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135 | (3) |
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138 | (1) |
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Sampling Strategies in Quantitative Research |
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139 | (4) |
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Sampling Strategies in Qualitative Research |
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143 | (3) |
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Sampling and Access in Online Research |
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146 | (3) |
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What You Need to Ask Yourself |
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149 | (1) |
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149 | (1) |
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150 | (1) |
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150 | (3) |
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PART III METHOD SELECTION |
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153 | (44) |
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8 Deciding on Your Methods |
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155 | (26) |
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Decisions in the Research Process |
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155 | (1) |
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Decisions in Planning a Quantitative Study |
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156 | (9) |
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Decisions in Planning a Qualitative Study |
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165 | (8) |
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Decisions within Quantitative and Qualitative Research |
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173 | (1) |
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Deciding between Qualitative and Quantitative Research |
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174 | (1) |
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Deciding between Doing Research On Site or Online |
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175 | (1) |
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Deciding on Specific Approaches to Research |
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175 | (1) |
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Reflection Halfway through the Process |
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176 | (1) |
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What You Need to Ask Yourself |
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176 | (2) |
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178 | (1) |
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178 | (1) |
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179 | (2) |
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9 Triangulation and Mixed Methods |
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181 | (16) |
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Combining Different Approaches |
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181 | (2) |
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183 | (3) |
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186 | (5) |
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Digital Research as a Complementary Strategy |
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191 | (1) |
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Pragmatism and the Issue as Points of Reference |
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192 | (1) |
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What You Need to Ask Yourself |
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193 | (1) |
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194 | (1) |
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194 | (1) |
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194 | (3) |
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PART IV WORKING WITH DATA |
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197 | (100) |
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199 | (22) |
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What Does Existing Data Mean? |
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200 | (1) |
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200 | (1) |
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201 | (1) |
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202 | (4) |
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206 | (3) |
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Visual Data as Documents: Photo and Film |
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209 | (1) |
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Analyzing Internet Documents and Interactions |
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210 | (1) |
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Social Media for Doing Research |
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211 | (3) |
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Problems with Using Digital Data |
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214 | (1) |
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215 | (1) |
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What You Need to Ask Yourself |
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216 | (1) |
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216 | (1) |
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217 | (1) |
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217 | (4) |
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221 | (40) |
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221 | (3) |
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Quantitative Surveys: Questionnaires |
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224 | (6) |
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Qualitative Inquiries: Interviews and Focus Groups |
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230 | (11) |
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Online Surveys, Interviews and Focus Groups |
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241 | (4) |
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245 | (7) |
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Obtaining and Documenting Information |
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252 | (6) |
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What You Need to Ask Yourself |
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258 | (1) |
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258 | (1) |
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259 | (1) |
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259 | (2) |
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261 | (36) |
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Quantitative Data Analysis |
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262 | (1) |
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Quantitative Content Analysis |
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262 | (3) |
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Quantitative Analysis of other Forms of Data |
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265 | (8) |
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273 | (1) |
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Transcription of Interview Data |
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273 | (3) |
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Qualitative Content Analysis |
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276 | (4) |
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280 | (4) |
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284 | (1) |
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285 | (1) |
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Interpretative Methods: Analyzing Narratives |
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286 | (2) |
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Formal Approaches: Talk in (Inter-) Action |
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288 | (2) |
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Interpretative Methods of Analyzing Qualitative Data |
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290 | (1) |
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Case Studies and Typologies |
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290 | (3) |
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Data Analysis in Mixed Methods and Triangulation Research |
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293 | (1) |
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What You Need to Ask Yourself |
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294 | (1) |
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294 | (1) |
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295 | (1) |
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295 | (2) |
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PART V REFLECTION AND WRITING |
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297 | (50) |
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13 What is Good Research? Evaluating Your Research Project |
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299 | (26) |
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Evaluating Empirical Studies |
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299 | (1) |
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Quality and Evaluation of Quantitative Research |
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300 | (1) |
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300 | (2) |
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302 | (5) |
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307 | (1) |
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307 | (1) |
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Quality and Evaluation of Qualitative Research |
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308 | (1) |
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Reformulation of Traditional Criteria |
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308 | (2) |
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Method-appropriate Criteria |
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310 | (2) |
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312 | (2) |
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Standards and Quality in Digital Research |
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314 | (1) |
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Limits of Research Approaches |
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315 | (1) |
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Limits of Quantitative Research |
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315 | (2) |
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Limits of Qualitative Research |
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317 | (3) |
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Limits of Triangulation and Mixed Methods in Social Research |
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320 | (1) |
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What You Need to Ask Yourself |
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320 | (1) |
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321 | (1) |
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321 | (1) |
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322 | (3) |
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14 Writing Up Research and Using Results |
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325 | (22) |
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Goals of Writing Up Social Research |
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326 | (1) |
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Writing Up Quantitative Research |
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326 | (6) |
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Writing Up Qualitative Research |
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332 | (6) |
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338 | (1) |
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338 | (2) |
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Feeding Back Results to Participants |
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340 | (1) |
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341 | (2) |
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What You Need to Ask Yourself |
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343 | (1) |
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343 | (1) |
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344 | (1) |
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344 | (3) |
Glossary |
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347 | (10) |
References |
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357 | (18) |
Name Index |
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375 | (4) |
Subject Index |
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379 | |