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Introduction to Geographical and Urban Economics: A Spiky World 3rd Revised edition [Mīkstie vāki]

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(Rijksuniversiteit Groningen, The Netherlands), (Rijksuniversiteit Groningen, The Netherlands), (Universiteit Utrecht, The Netherlands)
  • Formāts: Paperback / softback, 254 pages, height x width x depth: 245x188x25 mm, weight: 1120 g, Worked examples or Exercises; 37 Tables, black and white; 134 Line drawings, black and white
  • Izdošanas datums: 12-Dec-2019
  • Izdevniecība: Cambridge University Press
  • ISBN-10: 1108407366
  • ISBN-13: 9781108407366
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Introduction to Geographical and Urban Economics: A Spiky World 3rd Revised editionPalielināt
  • Formāts: Paperback / softback, 254 pages, height x width x depth: 245x188x25 mm, weight: 1120 g, Worked examples or Exercises; 37 Tables, black and white; 134 Line drawings, black and white
  • Izdošanas datums: 12-Dec-2019
  • Izdevniecība: Cambridge University Press
  • ISBN-10: 1108407366
  • ISBN-13: 9781108407366
Citas grāmatas par šo tēmu:
Permanent link: https://www.kriso.lv/db/9781108407366.html
Keywords:
This fully revised and up-to-date third edition provides an accessible introduction to urban and geographical economics with many real world examples and key models. By providing both state-of-the-art theories and empirics, this textbook explains the uneven spatial distribution of economic activity between and within countries.

A comprehensive introduction to both urban and geographical economics: the two dominant approaches used to explain the distribution of economic activity across space. This fully revised and up-to-date third edition gives a full account of the ever-expanding body of knowledge and insights on urban and geographical economics, with an increased emphasis on analytical concepts and empirical methods, reflecting developments in the literature since the last edition. The authors provide both state-of-the-art theories and empirics, introducing new data, methods and models for this edition, including a whole chapter dedicated to measurement issues and empirical methods. Written in a style that is accessible to students who are new to the field, this textbook also includes more advanced concepts that will interest experienced researchers. Unrivalled in its scope and depth, this title is perfect for readers seeking to understand the uneven spatial distribution of economic activity between and within countries.

Recenzijas

'Economic geography strikes back. After a couple of decades of easy talk about the 'death of distance' in the age of globalization, the promise of a future of rising living standards for all is increasingly challenged by the resilience of geographical disparities. By introducing students and scholars to the frontier of urban and geographical economics, this new edition equips them with the theoretical and empirical tools needed to make sense of our spiky world.' Gianmarco Ottaviano, Bocconi University and the London School of Economics and Political Science This book is not merely a new 'New introduction to geographical economics' but a deeply revised version of the excellent previous material. Brakman, Garretsen, and van Marrewijk paint a sweeping portrait of geographical and urban economics, taking into consideration the shift in focus in the field towards cities and empirical methods. This timely, comprehensive, and highly readable book will be an excellent source for students and researchers in the years to come.' Kristian Behrens, Université du Québec ą Montréal ' this book provides the most systematic and comprehensive analysis possible in the field of urban and regional economics The in-depth theoretical and empirical analysis offered makes the book a 'must' read for anyone who intends to teach and/or do quality research in issues of regional and urban disparities.' Ioannis Bournakis, Regional Studies

Papildus informācija

This up-to-date third edition provides an accessible introduction to urban and geographical economics using real world examples and key models.
List of Figures xii
List of Tables xvi
List of Boxes xviii
List of Technical Notes xx
List of Exercises xxi
Preface xxiii
Part I Empirical Foundations 1(110)
1 A Spiky World
3(28)
What came before ... (the 2001 and 2009 editions of our book)
3(2)
1.1 Introduction
5(1)
1.2 Many People
6(1)
1.3 Global Regions
7(3)
1.4 Countries
10(4)
1.5 Within-Country Variation
14(4)
1.5.1 Variation Within the USA
15(1)
1.5.2 Variation Within Texas
16(1)
1.5.3 Urban Locations in the USA
17(1)
1.6 Urban Development in History
18(2)
1.7 Recent Urban Development
20(2)
1.8 Urbanization and Income Per Capita
22(2)
1.9 Two Regularities
24(3)
1.9.1 Distribution Pattern (Zipf's Law)
24(1)
1.9.2 Interaction (Gravity Equation)
25(2)
1.10 Overview of the Book
27(2)
Exercises
29(2)
2 Geo-Human Interaction
31(35)
2.1 Introduction
31(2)
2.2 Simple Geography
33(4)
2.3 The Agricultural Revolution
37(5)
2.4 North-South or East-West?
42(2)
2.5 Biogeography and Income
44(2)
2.6 Institutions
46(1)
2.7 Development by 1500
47(2)
2.8 Reversal of Fortune
49(3)
2.9 Selection Effects
52(2)
2.10 Migration Flows Since 1500
54(4)
2.11 Ancestry
58(2)
2.12 Conclusions
60(2)
Exercises
62(4)
3 Empirical Methods
66(45)
3.1 Introduction
66(2)
3.2 Inequality Measures
68(6)
3.2.1 Desirable Properties of Inequality Measures
68(1)
3.2.2 The Gini Coefficient
69(2)
3.2.3 Generalized Entropy Measures
71(3)
3.3 Economic Concentration Measures
74(11)
3.3.1 Desirable Properties of Concentration Measures
75(3)
3.3.2 Ellison-Glaeser Index
78(2)
3.3.3 Duranton-Overman Density
80(5)
3.4 An Experiment
85(6)
3.5 Spatial Concentration and Productivity
91(17)
3.5.1 Omitted Variables and Fixed Effects
96(2)
3.5.2 Cause and Effect
98(2)
3.5.3 Natural Experiments
100(4)
3.5.4 Regression Discontinuity Design (RDD)
104(3)
3.5.5 Spatial Connections
107(1)
3.6 Conclusions
108(1)
Technical Note
109(1)
Exercises
110(1)
Part II Urban Economics 111(106)
4 Space Within Cities
113(40)
4.1 Introduction
113(1)
4.2 American ZIP Codes
114(2)
4.3 The Von Thunen Model
116(2)
4.4 Choosing Location - the Rent Curve
118(4)
4.5 The Rent Curve in New York City
122(3)
4.6 Choosing Transport Method - Steepness of Rent Curve
125(2)
4.7 Choosing Land Area - Population Density
127(4)
4.8 Population Density in Indianapolis
131(5)
4.9 Choosing Housing - Building Height
136(4)
4.10 Other Issues
140(6)
4.10.1 Heterogeneity
140(4)
4.10.2 Amenities
144(1)
4.10.3 Miscellaneous
145(1)
4.11 Conclusions
146(1)
Technical Notes
147(3)
Exercises
150(3)
5 City Systems
153(31)
5.1 Introduction
153(1)
5.2 Cities on a Map
154(4)
5.3 Urban Power Laws
158(5)
5.4 Zipfs Law
163(3)
5.5 Urban Economics Theory of City Systems
166(8)
5.6 Differentiated Cities
174(8)
5.7 Conclusions
182(1)
Exercises
183(1)
6 The Empirics of Agglomeration
184(33)
6.1 Introduction
184(2)
6.2 The Spatial Equilibrium Revisited
186(2)
6.3 Measuring the Relevance of Amenities
188(5)
6.4 Agglomeration: Introduction and Key Concepts
193(1)
6.5 Terminology, Sources, and Mechanisms
194(4)
6.5.1 Terminology
194(1)
6.5.2 Sources and Mechanisms
195(3)
6.6 Empirical Research on Agglomeration Economies
198(3)
6.6.1 A Stripped-down Model to Test for Agglomeration Economies
198(1)
6.6.2 Empirical Specification
199(2)
6.7 Regional Agglomeration Economies
201(3)
6.8 Agglomeration: The Way Forward
204(8)
6.8.1 Spanish Wages and City Size, Once Again
204(3)
6.8.2 The Endogeneity of City Size
207(1)
6.8.3 Alternative Approaches and Strategies
208(4)
6.9 Conclusions
212(1)
Technical Note
213(1)
Exercises
214(3)
Part III Geographical Economics 217(152)
7 The Core Model
219(47)
7.1 Introduction
219(2)
7.2 Origin of the Core Model
221(1)
7.3 Demand in the Core Model
222(5)
7.3.1 Spending on Manufacturing Varieties
223(2)
7.3.2 Demand Effects: Income, Price, Elasticity e, and Price Index I
225(2)
7.4 Supply in the Core Model
227(4)
7.4.1 Price Setting and Zero Profits
228(3)
7.5 Transport Costs: Icebergs in Geography
231(4)
7.5.1 Introducing Different Locations
233(2)
7.6 Equilibrium in the Core Model
235(6)
7.6.1 Short-run Equilibrium
235(3)
7.6.2 Long-run Equilibrium
238(3)
7.7 A First Look at Dynamics
241(7)
7.7.1 Simulations
245(2)
7.7.2 Transport Costs and Stability
247(1)
7.8 Analytical Results: The Tomahawk Diagram
248(7)
7.8.1 Sustain Point
249(1)
7.8.2 Break Point
250(5)
7.9 Conclusions
255(3)
Technical Notes
258(5)
Exercises
263(3)
8 Extensions of the Core Model
266(46)
8.1 Introduction
266(2)
8.2 Intermediate Inputs Without Inter-Regional Labour Mobility
268(8)
8.2.1 Demand
269(1)
8.2.2 Manufacturing Supply
269(1)
8.2.3 Supply of Food
270(1)
8.2.4 Equilibrium with Transport Costs
271(1)
8.2.5 Intermediate Good Simulations
272(4)
8.3 The Bell-Shaped Curve and a Generalized Model
276(4)
8.3.1 Decreasing Returns
276(3)
8.3.2 Generalized Model
279(1)
8.4 The Solvable Model: Two Factors of Production for Manufactures
280(6)
8.5 Many Regions
286(4)
8.5.1 Many Locations in Neutral Space
286(3)
8.5.2 Preferred Frequency
289(1)
8.6 Congestion as an Additional Spreading Force
290(7)
8.6.1 The Modelling of Congestion
290(2)
8.6.2 The Two-City Model and Congestion
292(2)
8.6.3 Many Locations and Congestion
294(3)
8.7 Empirics of Urban Power Laws
297(7)
8.7.1 The World and Continents
298(3)
8.7.2 Country Estimates in 2015
301(3)
8.8 Explaining Urban Power Laws
304(6)
8.8.1 Non-economic Explanations
305(2)
8.8.2 Urban Power Laws in the Core Model with Congestion
307(3)
8.9 Conclusions
310(1)
Exercises
311(1)
9 Empirics of Economic Geography
312(57)
9.1 Introduction
312(1)
9.2 Empirical Hypotheses Based on Geographical Economics
313(3)
9.3 In Search of the Home Market Effect
316(3)
9.3.1 Evidence to Support the Home Market Effect
317(1)
9.3.2 The Home Market Effect and Geographical Economics: An Assessment
318(1)
9.4 The Spatial Wage Structure and Real Market Potential
319(8)
9.4.1 Wages and the Market Potential Function
320(1)
9.4.2 Spatial Wages and Real Market Potential: the Hanson (2005) Model
321(4)
9.4.3 An Extension: Spatial Wages Without Real Wage Equalization
325(2)
9.5 Taking Stock
327(2)
9.6 The Impact of Shocks on Equilibria
329(12)
9.6.1 City Growth, the WW II Shock, and the Return to the Initial Equilibrium
329(8)
9.6.2 Shocks and Multiple Equilibria
337(4)
9.7 Trade Costs and Agglomeration
341(14)
9.7.1 Where on the Tomahawk Diagram or Bell-Shaped Curve Are We?
341(1)
9.7.2 The Freeness of Trade and the Limitations of the Two-Region Models
342(4)
9.7.3 Freeness of Trade, Agglomeration, and Multi-Region Simulations: An Example
346(7)
9.7.4 Where on the Curves Are We? A Multi-Region Simulation Answer
353(2)
9.8 Geographical Economics in Modern Empirical Research
355(9)
9.8.1 How to Use Micro-data to Test for Agglomeration (vs Selection) Effects
357(3)
9.8.2 The Use of Quasi-Natural Experiments
360(4)
9.9 Conclusion: the 'What If' Question of Geographical Economics
364(1)
Exercises
365(4)
Part IV Development and Policy 369(87)
10 Geography and Development
371(44)
10.1 Introduction
371(3)
10.2 Income, Economic Growth and Stylized Facts 1 Et 2
374(3)
10.3 Income Inequality and Stylized Facts 3 Et 4
377(7)
10.4 Explaining the Four Facts: Endogenous Growth and Spatial Economics
384(6)
10.4.1 Endogenous Growth and Dealing with Facts 1 Et 2
385(1)
10.4.2 Geographical Economics and Dealing with Facts 3 Et 4
386(4)
10.5 Geography, Growth, and the Four Facts: A Synthesis Model
390(9)
10.5.1 Main Ingredients of the Synthesis Model
390(1)
10.5.2 Agglomeration and Growth in the Baldwin-Forslid Model
391(3)
10.5.3 Discussion of the Main Implications of the Baldwin-Forslid Model
394(5)
10.6 Deep Determinants of Development: The Geography of Institutions
399(6)
10.6.1 Institutions Trump Geography?
399(1)
10.6.2 The Geography of Institutions
400(5)
10.7 What Happens to China If Its Internal Labour Mobility Rises?
405(4)
10.8 Conclusions
409(1)
Technical Note
410(3)
Exercises
413(2)
11 Policy Implications
415(41)
11.1 Introduction
415(3)
11.2 The Temptation of Regional Policy: A Closer Look at Clusters
418(4)
11.3 The Rationale for Regional Policy: Motivation and Measurement
422(4)
11.4 Regional Policy: Think Twice!
426(4)
11.5 Policy Making in Urban and Geographical Economics Models
430(5)
11.5.1 Policy and Spatial Equilibrium for Both Urban and Geographical Economics
430(2)
11.5.2 Stylized Policy Implications in the World of the Tomahawk
432(3)
11.6 Building a Bridge in Geographical Economics
435(9)
11.6.1 The Pancake Economy
438(2)
11.6.2 Bridges and the Equilibrium Spatial Distribution
440(1)
11.6.3 The Hypothetical Bridge Versus Real Bridges
441(3)
11.7 Welfare Implications
444(5)
11.7.1 Introducing Welfare Analysis
444(1)
11.7.2 Welfare Implications of a Bridge in the Pancake Economy
445(4)
11.8 Places, People, Policies, and Proper Economic Geography
449(3)
11.9 Closing Remarks
452(2)
Exercises
454(2)
References 456(29)
Chapter 1 References
456(1)
Chapter 2 References
457(1)
Chapter 3 References
458(2)
Chapter 4 References
460(1)
Chapter 5 References
461(2)
Chapter 6 References
463(4)
Chapter 7 References
467(1)
Chapter 8 References
468(3)
Chapter 9 References
471(5)
Chapter 10 References
476(4)
Chapter 11 References
480(5)
Index 485
Steven Brakman is Professor of International Economics at the Faculty of Economics and Business at the Rijksuniversiteit Groningen. He is a research fellow of the CESifo institute in Munich, and co-editor of the Journal of Regional Science. He is academic partner of the Netherlands Bureau for Economic Policy analysis, and member of the programme committee of Statistics Netherlands. Harry Garretsen is Professor of International Economics and Business at the Rijksuniversiteit Groningen, and a visiting fellow at the University of Cambridge. Garretsen has published widely in books and leading international journals on urban, geographical, international economics and also on economics and leadership. He has also been active in giving policy advice on these topics. His editorial board activities include the Journal of Economic Geography, Journal of Regional Science, Cambridge Journal of the Regions, Economy and Society, and Leadership Quarterly. Charles van Marrewijk is Professor of Economics and Head of Research at Universiteit Utrecht School of Economics, The Netherlands. He has published widely for leading international journals and publishers on spatial economics (including international, urban, regional, and geographical economics) and development economics (including economic growth, agglomeration, and globalization).